Misfolding and subsequent aberrant selfassembly of certain proteins into toxic amyloid deposits are hallmarks of various diseases,most notably neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson...Misfolding and subsequent aberrant selfassembly of certain proteins into toxic amyloid deposits are hallmarks of various diseases,most notably neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson’s disease(Chiti and Dobson,2017).Aromatic residues in amyloidogenic proteins have been shown to be key factors in protein oligomerization and fibrilization,mostly driven byπ-πinteractions.Together with aromaticity,post-translational modifications can greatly affect a protein’s solubility and conformation and,as a consequence,its propensity to aggregate.展开更多
MicroRNA （miRNA）-mediated gene silencing at the translational level has led to novel discoveries for numerous biological processes. Recently, there has been increasing evidence to indicate that miRNAs are involved i...MicroRNA （miRNA）-mediated gene silencing at the translational level has led to novel discoveries for numerous biological processes. Recently, there has been increasing evidence to indicate that miRNAs are involved in normal immune functions and inflammation. In this review, we focus on recent advances that have elucidated the role of miRNAs in B-cell development, differentiation, apoptosis and function. While the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in controlling and maintaining B-cell fate remain largely uncharacterized, further studies on miRNAs and their targets will increase our understanding of B-cell development and function. Such studies may be able to provide new therapeutic strategies for treating autoimmune diseases.展开更多
As a large family of hydrolases,GTPases are widespread in cells and play the very important biological function of hydrolyzing GTP into GDP and inorganic phosphate through binding with it.GTPases are involved in cell ...As a large family of hydrolases,GTPases are widespread in cells and play the very important biological function of hydrolyzing GTP into GDP and inorganic phosphate through binding with it.GTPases are involved in cell cycle regulation,protein synthesis,and protein transportation.Chaperones can facilitate the folding or refolding of nascent peptides and denatured proteins to their native states.However,chaperones do not occur in the native structures in which they can perform their normal biological functions.In the current study,the chaperone activity of the conserved GTPases of Escherichia coli is tested by the chemical denaturation and chaperone-assisted renaturation of citrate synthase andα-glucosidase.The effects of ribosomes and nucleotides on the chaperone activity are also examined.Our data indicate that these conserved GTPases have chaperone properties,and may be ancestral protein folding factors that have appeared before dedicated chaperones.展开更多
Objective To establish and identify a highthroughput culture platform for induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiated kidney organoids.Methods Human urine-derived induced pluripotent stemcells were selected and p...Objective To establish and identify a highthroughput culture platform for induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiated kidney organoids.Methods Human urine-derived induced pluripotent stemcells were selected and plated at a suitable cell density.展开更多
基金supported by the Israel Ministry of Science and the Alliance Family Trust(to DS).AP is recipient of a fellowship from the Aufzien Family Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease(APPD)EZ has received funding from the MINDED fellowship of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No.754490.
文摘Misfolding and subsequent aberrant selfassembly of certain proteins into toxic amyloid deposits are hallmarks of various diseases,most notably neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson’s disease(Chiti and Dobson,2017).Aromatic residues in amyloidogenic proteins have been shown to be key factors in protein oligomerization and fibrilization,mostly driven byπ-πinteractions.Together with aromaticity,post-translational modifications can greatly affect a protein’s solubility and conformation and,as a consequence,its propensity to aggregate.
基金We are grateful to Drs Qi-jing Li and Lili Du for the critical reading of the manuscript. This study was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China （973 program, 2010CB529100） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81273288 and No. 81201587）.
文摘MicroRNA （miRNA）-mediated gene silencing at the translational level has led to novel discoveries for numerous biological processes. Recently, there has been increasing evidence to indicate that miRNAs are involved in normal immune functions and inflammation. In this review, we focus on recent advances that have elucidated the role of miRNAs in B-cell development, differentiation, apoptosis and function. While the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in controlling and maintaining B-cell fate remain largely uncharacterized, further studies on miRNAs and their targets will increase our understanding of B-cell development and function. Such studies may be able to provide new therapeutic strategies for treating autoimmune diseases.
基金by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31170756)CAS-NN Research Foundation to Y.Qin.
文摘As a large family of hydrolases,GTPases are widespread in cells and play the very important biological function of hydrolyzing GTP into GDP and inorganic phosphate through binding with it.GTPases are involved in cell cycle regulation,protein synthesis,and protein transportation.Chaperones can facilitate the folding or refolding of nascent peptides and denatured proteins to their native states.However,chaperones do not occur in the native structures in which they can perform their normal biological functions.In the current study,the chaperone activity of the conserved GTPases of Escherichia coli is tested by the chemical denaturation and chaperone-assisted renaturation of citrate synthase andα-glucosidase.The effects of ribosomes and nucleotides on the chaperone activity are also examined.Our data indicate that these conserved GTPases have chaperone properties,and may be ancestral protein folding factors that have appeared before dedicated chaperones.
文摘Objective To establish and identify a highthroughput culture platform for induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiated kidney organoids.Methods Human urine-derived induced pluripotent stemcells were selected and plated at a suitable cell density.
