The concept of evidence-based practice has persisted over several years and remains a cornerstone in clinical practice,representing the gold standard for optimal patient care.However,despite widespread recognition of ...The concept of evidence-based practice has persisted over several years and remains a cornerstone in clinical practice,representing the gold standard for optimal patient care.However,despite widespread recognition of its significance,practical application faces various challenges and barriers,including a lack of skills in interpreting studies,limited resources,time constraints,linguistic competencies,and more.Recently,we have witnessed the emergence of a groundbreaking technological revolution known as artificial intelligence.Although artificial intelligence has become increasingly integrated into our daily lives,some reluctance persists among certain segments of the public.This article explores the potential of artificial intelligence as a solution to some of the main barriers encountered in the application of evidence-based practice.It highlights how artificial intelligence can assist in staying updated with the latest evidence,enhancing clinical decision-making,addressing patient misinformation,and mitigating time constraints in clinical practice.The integration of artificial intelligence into evidence-based practice has the potential to revolutionize healthcare,leading to more precise diagnoses,personalized treatment plans,and improved doctor-patient interactions.This proposed synergy between evidencebased practice and artificial intelligence may necessitate adjustments to its core concept,heralding a new era in healthcare.展开更多
Autonomous systems are an emerging AI technology functioning without human intervention underpinned by the latest advances in intelligence,cognition,computer,and systems sciences.This paper explores the intelligent an...Autonomous systems are an emerging AI technology functioning without human intervention underpinned by the latest advances in intelligence,cognition,computer,and systems sciences.This paper explores the intelligent and mathematical foundations of autonomous systems.It focuses on structural and behavioral properties that constitute the intelligent power of autonomous systems.It explains how system intelligence aggregates from reflexive,imperative,adaptive intelligence to autonomous and cognitive intelligence.A hierarchical intelligence model(HIM)is introduced to elaborate the evolution of human and system intelligence as an inductive process.The properties of system autonomy are formally analyzed towards a wide range of applications in computational intelligence and systems engineering.Emerging paradigms of autonomous systems including brain-inspired systems,cognitive robots,and autonomous knowledge learning systems are described.Advances in autonomous systems will pave a way towards highly intelligent machines for augmenting human capabilities.展开更多
Background:Multiparous women are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) than primiparas.Physical activity during pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial for GDM,but there is little evidence on the as...Background:Multiparous women are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) than primiparas.Physical activity during pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial for GDM,but there is little evidence on the association between physical activity and glycemic control among women with GDM,whether primiparas or multiparas.Thus,the objective of the present study was to examine the association between physical activity and glycemic control in women with GDM and to determine what,if any,effects result from number of parous events.Methods:A prospective cohort of 1162 women with GDM was recruited,with 604 multiparas(51.98%).The general linear model was used to calculate the risk difference and its 95% confidence interval(95%CI) to quantify the impact of parous events on glycemic control in pregnancy as well as the association between physical activity time and glycemic control.Results:Among 1162 women with GDM,the median daily activity time was 65 mm(interquartile range(IQR):45-90 min),and the abnormal plasma glucose(PG) percentage,calculated as number of abnormal PG tests divided by the total number of PG tests,was 40.00%(IQR:22.22%-66.67%).The percentage of abnormal PG was stabilized and statistically lower with daily physical activity time exceeding 60 min among primiparas(IQR:30.89%-44.43%) and exceeding 90 min among multiparas(ranged from 27.76% to 38.82%).After adjusting for potential confoumders,primiparas tended to have a lower percentage of abnormal PG than do multiparas(rate difference=-0.39,95%CI:-3.61 to2.84).The same amount of physical activity time was significantly less effective for multiparas than for primiparas(trend p-value <0.01).Conclusion:In women with GDM,being multiparous is associated with less effective glycemic control through physical activity,such that multiparas need more physical activity to achieve glycemic control at a similar level to primiparas.展开更多
The supervision and administration of cosmetics and its two supporting documents related to efficacy,cosmetics classification rules and classification catalogue and evaluation standard of cosmetic efficacy claims,have...The supervision and administration of cosmetics and its two supporting documents related to efficacy,cosmetics classification rules and classification catalogue and evaluation standard of cosmetic efficacy claims,have been successively introduced and implemented,making China’s cosmetics industry officially enter the era of efficacy evaluation.In the time window when the new era is coming,the definitions of cosmetics in China and other countries are compared.The latest status and progress of regulations on cosmetic efficacy claims in China and other countries are summarized,and the standard methods or guidance of cosmetic efficacy evaluation at home and abroad are introduced.The enlightenment from the supervision systems of cosmetic efficacy in other cosmetic consumer markets around the world are discussed.In addition,the opportunities and challenges for cosmetic enterprises under the background of cosmetic law reform in China are also prospected.展开更多
Studies over the past three years have substantially expanded the involvements of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) in messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. It now appears that this multi-subunit complex is involved i...Studies over the past three years have substantially expanded the involvements of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) in messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. It now appears that this multi-subunit complex is involved in every possible form of mRNA translation, controlling every step of protein synthesis from initiation to elongation, termination, and quality control in positive as well as negative fashion. Through the study of eIF3, we are beginning to appreciate protein synthesis as a highly integrated process coordinating protein production with protein folding, subcellular targeting, and degradation. At the same time, eIF3 subunits appear to have specific functions that probably vary between different tissues and individual cells. Considering the broad functions of eIF3 in protein homeostasis, it comes as little surprise that eIF3 is increasingly implicated in major human diseases and first attempts at therapeutically targeting eIF3 have been undertaken. Much remains to be learned, however, about subunit- and tissue-specific functions of eIF3 in protein synthesis and disease and their regulation by environmental conditions and post-translational modifications.展开更多
It has been both a pleasure and an agony to read the story and the drama behind the genesis of the European Open Science Cloud.Especially as many of us have been involved it its shaping in some way or the other from t...It has been both a pleasure and an agony to read the story and the drama behind the genesis of the European Open Science Cloud.Especially as many of us have been involved it its shaping in some way or the other from the beginning.OpenAIRE has been a key driver in open access in publications since 2005 and,while this is still a core goal,we have gradually shifted efforts to open research data from 2012 onwards.展开更多
The fracture modes of low alloy steels and cast irons under tensile and fatigue conditions were identified by electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD) misorientation analysis in this research. The curves of grain r...The fracture modes of low alloy steels and cast irons under tensile and fatigue conditions were identified by electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD) misorientation analysis in this research. The curves of grain reference orientation deviation(GROD) distribution perpendicular to the fracture surface were obtained by EBSD observation, and the characteristics of each fracture mode were identified. The GROD value of the specimen fractured in tension decreases to a constant related to the elongation of corresponding specimen in the far field(farther than 5 mm away from the fracture surface). The peak exhibits in GROD curves of two smooth specimens and a notched specimen near the fracture surface(within 5 mm away from the fracture surface), and the formation mechanisms were discussed in detail based on the influences of specimen geometries(smooth or notched) and material toughness. The GROD value of fatigue fractured specimen is close to that at undeformed condition in the whole field, except the small area near the crack path. The loading conditions(constant stress amplitude loading or constant stress intensity factor range K loading) and the EBSD striation formation during fatigue crack propagation were also studied by EBSD observation parallel to the crack path.展开更多
文摘The concept of evidence-based practice has persisted over several years and remains a cornerstone in clinical practice,representing the gold standard for optimal patient care.However,despite widespread recognition of its significance,practical application faces various challenges and barriers,including a lack of skills in interpreting studies,limited resources,time constraints,linguistic competencies,and more.Recently,we have witnessed the emergence of a groundbreaking technological revolution known as artificial intelligence.Although artificial intelligence has become increasingly integrated into our daily lives,some reluctance persists among certain segments of the public.This article explores the potential of artificial intelligence as a solution to some of the main barriers encountered in the application of evidence-based practice.It highlights how artificial intelligence can assist in staying updated with the latest evidence,enhancing clinical decision-making,addressing patient misinformation,and mitigating time constraints in clinical practice.The integration of artificial intelligence into evidence-based practice has the potential to revolutionize healthcare,leading to more precise diagnoses,personalized treatment plans,and improved doctor-patient interactions.This proposed synergy between evidencebased practice and artificial intelligence may necessitate adjustments to its core concept,heralding a new era in healthcare.
基金supported in part by the Department of National Defence’s Innovation for Defence Excellence and Security(IDEa S)Program,Canadathrough the Project of Auto Defence Towards Trustworthy Technologies for Autonomous Human-Machine Systems,NSERCthe IEEE SMC Society Technical Committee on Brain-Inspired Systems(TCBCS)。
文摘Autonomous systems are an emerging AI technology functioning without human intervention underpinned by the latest advances in intelligence,cognition,computer,and systems sciences.This paper explores the intelligent and mathematical foundations of autonomous systems.It focuses on structural and behavioral properties that constitute the intelligent power of autonomous systems.It explains how system intelligence aggregates from reflexive,imperative,adaptive intelligence to autonomous and cognitive intelligence.A hierarchical intelligence model(HIM)is introduced to elaborate the evolution of human and system intelligence as an inductive process.The properties of system autonomy are formally analyzed towards a wide range of applications in computational intelligence and systems engineering.Emerging paradigms of autonomous systems including brain-inspired systems,cognitive robots,and autonomous knowledge learning systems are described.Advances in autonomous systems will pave a way towards highly intelligent machines for augmenting human capabilities.
基金supported by grants from the Research Program of Shanghai Sports Bureau (20Q001)Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center Management Research Program (2020SKMR-32)+1 种基金Intelligence Funds of Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital (2021KYQD01)the National Key R & D Program of China (2018YFC1705300)。
文摘Background:Multiparous women are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) than primiparas.Physical activity during pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial for GDM,but there is little evidence on the association between physical activity and glycemic control among women with GDM,whether primiparas or multiparas.Thus,the objective of the present study was to examine the association between physical activity and glycemic control in women with GDM and to determine what,if any,effects result from number of parous events.Methods:A prospective cohort of 1162 women with GDM was recruited,with 604 multiparas(51.98%).The general linear model was used to calculate the risk difference and its 95% confidence interval(95%CI) to quantify the impact of parous events on glycemic control in pregnancy as well as the association between physical activity time and glycemic control.Results:Among 1162 women with GDM,the median daily activity time was 65 mm(interquartile range(IQR):45-90 min),and the abnormal plasma glucose(PG) percentage,calculated as number of abnormal PG tests divided by the total number of PG tests,was 40.00%(IQR:22.22%-66.67%).The percentage of abnormal PG was stabilized and statistically lower with daily physical activity time exceeding 60 min among primiparas(IQR:30.89%-44.43%) and exceeding 90 min among multiparas(ranged from 27.76% to 38.82%).After adjusting for potential confoumders,primiparas tended to have a lower percentage of abnormal PG than do multiparas(rate difference=-0.39,95%CI:-3.61 to2.84).The same amount of physical activity time was significantly less effective for multiparas than for primiparas(trend p-value <0.01).Conclusion:In women with GDM,being multiparous is associated with less effective glycemic control through physical activity,such that multiparas need more physical activity to achieve glycemic control at a similar level to primiparas.
文摘The supervision and administration of cosmetics and its two supporting documents related to efficacy,cosmetics classification rules and classification catalogue and evaluation standard of cosmetic efficacy claims,have been successively introduced and implemented,making China’s cosmetics industry officially enter the era of efficacy evaluation.In the time window when the new era is coming,the definitions of cosmetics in China and other countries are compared.The latest status and progress of regulations on cosmetic efficacy claims in China and other countries are summarized,and the standard methods or guidance of cosmetic efficacy evaluation at home and abroad are introduced.The enlightenment from the supervision systems of cosmetic efficacy in other cosmetic consumer markets around the world are discussed.In addition,the opportunities and challenges for cosmetic enterprises under the background of cosmetic law reform in China are also prospected.
基金D.A.W.'s lab at Xiamen University is funded through grants 81773771 and 31770813 from the National Science Foundation of China and the 1000 Talent Program.
文摘Studies over the past three years have substantially expanded the involvements of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) in messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. It now appears that this multi-subunit complex is involved in every possible form of mRNA translation, controlling every step of protein synthesis from initiation to elongation, termination, and quality control in positive as well as negative fashion. Through the study of eIF3, we are beginning to appreciate protein synthesis as a highly integrated process coordinating protein production with protein folding, subcellular targeting, and degradation. At the same time, eIF3 subunits appear to have specific functions that probably vary between different tissues and individual cells. Considering the broad functions of eIF3 in protein homeostasis, it comes as little surprise that eIF3 is increasingly implicated in major human diseases and first attempts at therapeutically targeting eIF3 have been undertaken. Much remains to be learned, however, about subunit- and tissue-specific functions of eIF3 in protein synthesis and disease and their regulation by environmental conditions and post-translational modifications.
文摘It has been both a pleasure and an agony to read the story and the drama behind the genesis of the European Open Science Cloud.Especially as many of us have been involved it its shaping in some way or the other from the beginning.OpenAIRE has been a key driver in open access in publications since 2005 and,while this is still a core goal,we have gradually shifted efforts to open research data from 2012 onwards.
基金financially supported by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,Ltd.,Japanthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11572171,11632010 and U1533134)the opening project(No.KFJJ15-12M)of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology(Beijing Institute of Technology)
文摘The fracture modes of low alloy steels and cast irons under tensile and fatigue conditions were identified by electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD) misorientation analysis in this research. The curves of grain reference orientation deviation(GROD) distribution perpendicular to the fracture surface were obtained by EBSD observation, and the characteristics of each fracture mode were identified. The GROD value of the specimen fractured in tension decreases to a constant related to the elongation of corresponding specimen in the far field(farther than 5 mm away from the fracture surface). The peak exhibits in GROD curves of two smooth specimens and a notched specimen near the fracture surface(within 5 mm away from the fracture surface), and the formation mechanisms were discussed in detail based on the influences of specimen geometries(smooth or notched) and material toughness. The GROD value of fatigue fractured specimen is close to that at undeformed condition in the whole field, except the small area near the crack path. The loading conditions(constant stress amplitude loading or constant stress intensity factor range K loading) and the EBSD striation formation during fatigue crack propagation were also studied by EBSD observation parallel to the crack path.