500 wheat varieties were grown and screened,and 18 of them with better characters identified inthe low phosphorus,low zinc,low boron soil and in contrast with the control(appilied with N,P,Zn andB).A few varieties sho...500 wheat varieties were grown and screened,and 18 of them with better characters identified inthe low phosphorus,low zinc,low boron soil and in contrast with the control(appilied with N,P,Zn andB).A few varieties showed able to efficiently utilize P,Zn or B in soil,and it has been demonstrated by theanalysis that their roots can secrete more organic acids making the soil pH around the roots decrease.Six or-ganic acids in the roots of four representative varieties were analysed,their contents were of difference amongthe varieties and had a positive correlation with the yield of the varieties in low nutrition soil.All theabove-mentioned provided the scientific basis of crop breeding for efficient utilization of soil nutritions.展开更多
Terrestrial ecosystems play a significant role in global carbon and water cycles because of the substantial amount of carbon assimilated through net primary production and large amount of water loss through evapotrans...Terrestrial ecosystems play a significant role in global carbon and water cycles because of the substantial amount of carbon assimilated through net primary production and large amount of water loss through evapotranspiration(ET).Using a process-based ecosystem model,we investigate the potential effects of climate change and rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration on global terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)during the twenty-first century.Future climate change would reduce global WUE by 16.3%under high-emission climate change scenario(A2)and 2.2%under low-emission climate scenario(B1)during 2010–2099.However,the combination of rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and climate change would increase global WUE by 7.9%and 9.4%under A2 and B1 climate scenarios,respectively.This suggests that rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration could ameliorate climate change-induced WUE decline.Future WUE would increase significantly at the high-latitude regions but decrease at the low-latitude regions under combined changes in climate and atmospheric CO_(2).The largest increase of WUE would occur in tundra and boreal needleleaf deciduous forest under the combined A2 climate and atmospheric CO_(2)scenario.More accurate prediction of WUE requires deeper understanding on the responses of ET to rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations and its interactions with climate.展开更多
Phosphorus （P） reserve, largely derived from phosphate rock, is essential for crop growth to support the growing world population. However, a significant proportion of phosphorus used as a fertilizer runs into natur...Phosphorus （P） reserve, largely derived from phosphate rock, is essential for crop growth to support the growing world population. However, a significant proportion of phosphorus used as a fertilizer runs into natural waters, causing eutro- phication and ecological damage. Moreover, most P in the food is eventually discharged as waste after being digested by human and animals. Thus, industrial activities have created a one-way flow of non-renewable P from rocks to farms to lakes, rivers and oceans.展开更多
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘500 wheat varieties were grown and screened,and 18 of them with better characters identified inthe low phosphorus,low zinc,low boron soil and in contrast with the control(appilied with N,P,Zn andB).A few varieties showed able to efficiently utilize P,Zn or B in soil,and it has been demonstrated by theanalysis that their roots can secrete more organic acids making the soil pH around the roots decrease.Six or-ganic acids in the roots of four representative varieties were analysed,their contents were of difference amongthe varieties and had a positive correlation with the yield of the varieties in low nutrition soil.All theabove-mentioned provided the scientific basis of crop breeding for efficient utilization of soil nutritions.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271551)the Metasequoia funding of Nanjing Forestry University.Conflict of interest statement.The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
基金This research was supported by National Science Foundation(NSF)Grants(1243232,121036)Chinese Academy of Sciences STS Program(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-010-05).
文摘Terrestrial ecosystems play a significant role in global carbon and water cycles because of the substantial amount of carbon assimilated through net primary production and large amount of water loss through evapotranspiration(ET).Using a process-based ecosystem model,we investigate the potential effects of climate change and rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration on global terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)during the twenty-first century.Future climate change would reduce global WUE by 16.3%under high-emission climate change scenario(A2)and 2.2%under low-emission climate scenario(B1)during 2010–2099.However,the combination of rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and climate change would increase global WUE by 7.9%and 9.4%under A2 and B1 climate scenarios,respectively.This suggests that rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentration could ameliorate climate change-induced WUE decline.Future WUE would increase significantly at the high-latitude regions but decrease at the low-latitude regions under combined changes in climate and atmospheric CO_(2).The largest increase of WUE would occur in tundra and boreal needleleaf deciduous forest under the combined A2 climate and atmospheric CO_(2)scenario.More accurate prediction of WUE requires deeper understanding on the responses of ET to rising atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations and its interactions with climate.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0207204)
文摘Phosphorus （P） reserve, largely derived from phosphate rock, is essential for crop growth to support the growing world population. However, a significant proportion of phosphorus used as a fertilizer runs into natural waters, causing eutro- phication and ecological damage. Moreover, most P in the food is eventually discharged as waste after being digested by human and animals. Thus, industrial activities have created a one-way flow of non-renewable P from rocks to farms to lakes, rivers and oceans.
