High-quality Development Paths of Ice-snow Tourism in China from the Perspective of the Winter Olympics

Preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics have promoted the rapid development of ice-snow tourism in China,which contributes to achieving the goal of having“300 million people participate in ice-snow sports”.This paper analyzes the status quo and problems associated with the growth of ice-snow tourism in China based on the methods of documentation and field investigation.The results indicate that China’s efforts have born abundant fruits.Notwithstanding,there are still some problems due to the limited time and hastened process of ice-snow tourism development,including unreasonable exploitation,low-quality products and services,imperfect investment and financing system,inadequate management,a single marketing mode,and insufficient talent teams.Compared with developed countries in Europe and the United States,ice-snow tourism in China is in the stage of rapid development.To achieve the high-quality development of ice-snow tourism in China,this paper proposes actions from eight aspects which involve policy,products and services,marketing,safety management and control,talent teams,standardization construction,science and technology,and community participation.This study can provide references for the high-quality development of ice-snow tourism in China,as well as perfecting Chinese theoretical research on ice-snow tourism.

Sustainable Development of Ice and Snow Tourism-Theory&Empirical Studies:Preface

The Beijing Winter Olympics brought a historical miracle to the development of China’s ice and snow tourism.It is both an opportunity and a challenge to reap the extra dividends of the times and to develop China’s ice and snow tourism.By selecting 18 academic papers,this special issue deeply discusses the status quo and the future measures of ice and snow tourism in China from three aspects:ice and snow tourism development and management,the ice and snow tourism experience and its influencing factors,and ice and snow tourism impact assessment.Moreover,one part entitled“Tourism Culture and Ecotourism”has been set up to emphasize those cutting-edge research topics.It is worth mentioning that this issue is in-depth and has profound connotations.First of all,the research area ranges from national to regional to the city-level,including both longitudinal and horizontal research.In additon,the research methods are practical,innovative,and at the frontier of scientific research,and include industrial correlation analysis methods,kernel density,spatial autocorrelation and other geospatial analysis methods,content analysis methods,sentiment analysis methods,structural equation models,Delphi methods,spatial statistics methods,geographic detector method and many others.In general,this special issue combines qualitative research with quantitative research,provides a variety of theoretical perspectives such as perceived value theory,institutional evolution theory,etc.,and builds various useful models like the pre-competition evaluation model for ice and snow tourism heritage,the consumption skill-travel radius decision-making influence model under the moderating effect of the ski resort comprehensive leisure environment,the evaluation model of the suitability of glacier tourism resource development,the model of the relationship between tourists’experience value and loyalty in the context of ice and snow tourism,among others.These studies are expected to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the development of ice and snow tourism in the post-Winter Olympics era,and help ice and snow tourism develop in a sustainable and high-quality direction.

Review of Tourism Ecological Security from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization Construction

In the era of sustainable development,the ecological impact of the development of the tourism industry has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life.Generally considered,tourism ecological security(TES)is an important link to realize the high-quality development of tourism destinations and promote the construction of ecological civilization.Based on keyword discrimination of TES,tourism ecological risk and tourism ecological health,and from the perspective of ecological civilization construction,this paper uses the databases of Web of Science and CNKI as data sources to systematically comb and analyze TES research from the aspects of development process,research methods and research content,and puts forward the prospects for future research on this basis.This analysis found that research in the TES field presents four main characteristics.(1)The phased characteristic of“germination-exploration-development”is significant,and a relatively standard research framework of“evaluation-influencing factors-early warning-regulation”has been formed.(2)The empirical orientation of the research methods is distinct.(3)The development trend is characterized by small-scale dominance and a large-scale surge.(4)The disciplinary integration and practical combination have been continuously strengthened.Combined with the development trends and hot spots of TES,this paper proposes that the direction and goal of deepening TES research in the future should be carried out from the aspects of strengthening research on thresholds,early warning and regulation,improving the application of big data,constructing the synergistic effect mechanisms between tourism and ecology,and realizing the longitudinal deepening and interconnection of scale research.

Evaluation and Promotion Model of Tourist Satisfaction in Ice and Snow Tourism Destinations

The successful bid for the Beijing Winter Olympics has brought historic opportunities for the development of ice and snow tourism in China.An index system for the evaluation of tourist satisfaction in ice and snow tourism destinations was constructed from the target layer-factor layer-index layer approach in this paper.Taking tourists with ice and snow tourism experience as the research object,and integrating a questionnaire survey and the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)method,a total of 840 valid questionnaires were collected to assess the satisfaction of tourists in snow and ice tourism destinations,and the promotion model of tourist satisfaction in ice and snow tourism destinations was put forward.This process led to three main results.(1)Ice and snow tourists in China are characterized as young and better-educated,with college students aged 19 to 25 as the main consumer group.More than 70%of ice and snow tourists are pretty satisfied with the current development of ice and snow destinations in China,and are willing to participate again.(2)Other than“ice and snow souvenirs”,tourists’perceptions of importance are all higher than the level of perceived satisfaction,and the importance values of the 13 indicators including“Scenic spot security”and“Diversity of ice and snow entertainment and sports”are especially high,showing that tourists have high expectations and demands of the destinations.However,the perceived satisfaction level of tourists for all indexes is generally low,mostly at the general satisfaction level,indicating that ice and snow tourism destinations have only partially met the demands of ice and snow tourists,and there is still much room for improvement.(3)After IPA analysis,five suggestions for improving the satisfaction of tourists in ice and snow tourism destinations were put forward,including diversification of the tourism business model,construction of tourism facilities,a market diversified cultivation model,a humanized mode of tourism service and a refined management model.The results of this study will help to enrich the theory of ice and snow tourist satisfaction and promote the high-quality development of China's ice and snow tourism in the post-Winter Olympics era.

Spatial Distribution and Cultural Features of Traditional Villages in Beijing and Influencing Factors

Traditional villages are important part of Beijing, an internationally famous historic and cultural city. Exploring the spatial distribution and cultural features of traditional villages, and the factors that have shaped them,will help promote the protection and utilization of traditional villages in Beijing. ArcGIS spatial analysis, literature analysis, fieldwork and in-depth interviews were mainly carried out to analyze the spatial distribution and cultural features of traditional villages in Beijing and their influencing factors. The results show three main features.(1) The overall distribution of traditional villages in Beijing is random, although there are more traditional villages in the southwest and northeast and less in the southeast and northwest. Most of them are distributed along the higher piedmont plains or intermountain basins, and most of them are backed by hills and surrounded by rivers or along the ancient road.(2) There are some cultural commonalities among the traditional villages in Beijing, and nine typical traditional village cultures have been formed, including traditional residential culture, traditional folklore culture,the Great Wall garrison culture, mausoleum guarding culture, etc.(3) The formation of the spatial distribution and cultural features of traditional villages in Beijing is influenced by natural environmental factors like terrain, climate,and rivers, as well as human activities such as royal life, capital construction, ancient military defense, transportation, trade, etc. This study can provide a reference for the scientific protection and effective utilization of traditional villages in Beijing and all over the country.

传统村落文旅融合发展水平评价及影响路径

The integration of culture and tourism is conductive to the realization of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.Taking 16 typical traditional villages in Beijing as cases,this study proposes an evaluation system and influencing factor model for the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages.Based on the TOPSIS model supported by the entropy method,the level of culture and tourism integration in traditional villages is analyzed.Moreover,we discuss the main factors influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages and their paths by using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fs/QCA).The results can be summarized in four main areas.(1) The integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages is a dynamic process that continues to promote the comprehensive revitalization by deepening resource integration,advancing product cultivation and strengthening industry functions.(2) There are obvious differences in the development levels of the integration of culture and tourism among the case villages.Specifically,the levels of each village in the four dimensions present the characteristics of differentiation and imbalance.(3) No single factor can capture the necessary and sufficient conditions for the integrated development of culture and tourism.(4) There are three paths influencing the integration of culture and tourism in traditional villages,namely,the mature development path,the rapid development path and the progressive development path,which correspond to their respective combinations of influencing factors.The results of this study can provide theoretical inspiration and scientific guidance for the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization of traditional villages from the perspective of the integration of culture and tourism.