Objective: To observe the effect of Tiaoxin Recipe (TXR) on the spatial memory, brain mitochondrial energy metabolism of oxidation injured Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of TXR in trea...Objective: To observe the effect of Tiaoxin Recipe (TXR) on the spatial memory, brain mitochondrial energy metabolism of oxidation injured Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of TXR in treating AD. Methods: Eighty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (normal group, operative group, "AD" model group,TXR group and Aricept group). An oxygen free radical generation system (dihydroxy fumaric acid-trichloroferric-adenosine diphosphate, DHF-FeCl3-ADP) was used to create oxidation injured rat models mimic to AD; spatial learning and memory impairment (Morris water maze method), the activity of Succinate-oxidase, NADH-oxidase, CytC-oxidase (Clark oxygen electrode method) and the expression of cytochrome oxidase (CO) II mRNA (in situ hybridization method) were observed. Results: Compared with the normal group, the spatial memory, activity of CytC-oxidase and COII mRNA expression of oxidation injured "AD" rats were obviously decreased; TXR, however, could improve these functions in "AD" rat models obviously. Conclusion: The mechanism of the action of TXR in treating AD was partly related to its effect on anti-oxidation which could improve brain mitochondrial energy metabolism.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Notch3 mutations are the molecular genetic foundation for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL）. Of all currently available detection metho...BACKGROUND： Notch3 mutations are the molecular genetic foundation for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL）. Of all currently available detection methods, direct sequencing or restriction enzymes are frequently used, but the cost is relatively high, because the Notch3 gene is composed of many exons and mutational sites are widely distributed. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography （DHPLC） exhibits high efficiency and specificity and has been applied to gene detection. To date, there has no report regarding DHPLC in gene detection of large-scale CADASIL families in China. OBJECTIVE： To explore the application and value of DHPLC in the diagnosis of CADASIL by a mutation screening for Notch3 gene in CADASIL probands and their family members. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A comparative observation was performed at the Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory of Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and the Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education between August 2003 and May 2004. PARTICIPANTS： Fourteen CADASIL patients and their family members, comprising eight males and six females, aged 38-62 years, were included. Their key features included recurrent sub-cortical ischemic events and vascular dementia. In addition, 100 healthy physical examinees were selected as controls, including 52 males and 48 females, aged 56-72 years, who had no neurodegenerative disease or psychosis, and no history or high risk for cerebrovascular disease. METHODS： DNA was extracted from white blood cells. Ten hotspots of the Notch3 gene for sequence variation were first amplified by PCR, and the products were detected using DHPLC, Exons exhibiting a variant in the DHPLC profile underwent another PCR amplification, followed by DNA sequencing to identify the mutation type, In addition, patients with normal DHPLC peak profiles underwent PCR amplification for the remaining 13 exons, DNA sequencing was performed for the exons, exhibiting a variation in the DHPLC profile to identify the mutation type. At the same time, Notch3 gene detection was undertaken in 100 healthy controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Peak profile changes of PCR products under different column temperatures during DHPLC detection; Notch3 pathogenic mutations and polymorphisms. RESULTS： Three heterozygous missense mutations at exon3 and exon4, as well as 15 polymorphisms, were detected in DHPLC patients and their family members. Of the three heterozygous missense mutations, Cys134Tyr, a novel mutation, had not been previously reported in China. None of these mutations was found in 200 chromosomes of the controls, In addition, DHPLC did not exhibit noticeable changes after a 1 ℃ temperature adjustment, while 3℃ was too great and might result in DNA melting and indiscernible peak profile, so 2℃ was determined to be appropriate, CONCLUSION： DHPLC technique exhibits efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity in screening for Notch3 gene mutations, The optimal column temperature allows for two degrees of fluctuation based on the temperature recommended by applied software and peak alterations during screening.展开更多
Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are associated with liver abnormalities and often have overlapping pathological and clinical manifestations.As a result,they can present great clinical challenges and evoke questi...Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are associated with liver abnormalities and often have overlapping pathological and clinical manifestations.As a result,they can present great clinical challenges and evoke questions about diagnostic criteria for liver diseases.Moreover,discriminating between liver involvement as a manifestation of connective tissue disease and primary liver disease can be challenging since they share a similar immunological mechanism.Most patients with connective tissue diseases exhibit liver test abnormalities that likely result from coexisting,primary liver diseases,such as fatty liver disease,viral hepatitis,primary biliary cirrhosis,autoimmune hepatitis,and drug-related liver toxicity.Liver damage can be progressive,leading to cirrhosis,complications of portal hypertension,and liver-related death,and,therefore,must be accurately identified.In this review,we highlight the challenges facing the diagnosis of liver damage associated with connective tissue disease and identify immune mechanisms involved in liver damage associated with connective tissue diseases.展开更多
Complications are more frequent in elderly patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）, such as impaired glucose tolerance and constipations. It is always difficult to cure these complications in clinical practice. I...Complications are more frequent in elderly patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）, such as impaired glucose tolerance and constipations. It is always difficult to cure these complications in clinical practice. In this case we had successfully cured an eighty-three years old man with CHD complicating impaired glucose tolerance and constipation by integrated Chinese-Western medicine.展开更多
基金This program was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39830450)
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of Tiaoxin Recipe (TXR) on the spatial memory, brain mitochondrial energy metabolism of oxidation injured Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of TXR in treating AD. Methods: Eighty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (normal group, operative group, "AD" model group,TXR group and Aricept group). An oxygen free radical generation system (dihydroxy fumaric acid-trichloroferric-adenosine diphosphate, DHF-FeCl3-ADP) was used to create oxidation injured rat models mimic to AD; spatial learning and memory impairment (Morris water maze method), the activity of Succinate-oxidase, NADH-oxidase, CytC-oxidase (Clark oxygen electrode method) and the expression of cytochrome oxidase (CO) II mRNA (in situ hybridization method) were observed. Results: Compared with the normal group, the spatial memory, activity of CytC-oxidase and COII mRNA expression of oxidation injured "AD" rats were obviously decreased; TXR, however, could improve these functions in "AD" rat models obviously. Conclusion: The mechanism of the action of TXR in treating AD was partly related to its effect on anti-oxidation which could improve brain mitochondrial energy metabolism.
基金the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), No. 2001AA227051
文摘BACKGROUND： Notch3 mutations are the molecular genetic foundation for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL）. Of all currently available detection methods, direct sequencing or restriction enzymes are frequently used, but the cost is relatively high, because the Notch3 gene is composed of many exons and mutational sites are widely distributed. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography （DHPLC） exhibits high efficiency and specificity and has been applied to gene detection. To date, there has no report regarding DHPLC in gene detection of large-scale CADASIL families in China. OBJECTIVE： To explore the application and value of DHPLC in the diagnosis of CADASIL by a mutation screening for Notch3 gene in CADASIL probands and their family members. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A comparative observation was performed at the Genetic Diagnosis Laboratory of Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and the Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education between August 2003 and May 2004. PARTICIPANTS： Fourteen CADASIL patients and their family members, comprising eight males and six females, aged 38-62 years, were included. Their key features included recurrent sub-cortical ischemic events and vascular dementia. In addition, 100 healthy physical examinees were selected as controls, including 52 males and 48 females, aged 56-72 years, who had no neurodegenerative disease or psychosis, and no history or high risk for cerebrovascular disease. METHODS： DNA was extracted from white blood cells. Ten hotspots of the Notch3 gene for sequence variation were first amplified by PCR, and the products were detected using DHPLC, Exons exhibiting a variant in the DHPLC profile underwent another PCR amplification, followed by DNA sequencing to identify the mutation type, In addition, patients with normal DHPLC peak profiles underwent PCR amplification for the remaining 13 exons, DNA sequencing was performed for the exons, exhibiting a variation in the DHPLC profile to identify the mutation type. At the same time, Notch3 gene detection was undertaken in 100 healthy controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Peak profile changes of PCR products under different column temperatures during DHPLC detection; Notch3 pathogenic mutations and polymorphisms. RESULTS： Three heterozygous missense mutations at exon3 and exon4, as well as 15 polymorphisms, were detected in DHPLC patients and their family members. Of the three heterozygous missense mutations, Cys134Tyr, a novel mutation, had not been previously reported in China. None of these mutations was found in 200 chromosomes of the controls, In addition, DHPLC did not exhibit noticeable changes after a 1 ℃ temperature adjustment, while 3℃ was too great and might result in DNA melting and indiscernible peak profile, so 2℃ was determined to be appropriate, CONCLUSION： DHPLC technique exhibits efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity in screening for Notch3 gene mutations, The optimal column temperature allows for two degrees of fluctuation based on the temperature recommended by applied software and peak alterations during screening.
文摘Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are associated with liver abnormalities and often have overlapping pathological and clinical manifestations.As a result,they can present great clinical challenges and evoke questions about diagnostic criteria for liver diseases.Moreover,discriminating between liver involvement as a manifestation of connective tissue disease and primary liver disease can be challenging since they share a similar immunological mechanism.Most patients with connective tissue diseases exhibit liver test abnormalities that likely result from coexisting,primary liver diseases,such as fatty liver disease,viral hepatitis,primary biliary cirrhosis,autoimmune hepatitis,and drug-related liver toxicity.Liver damage can be progressive,leading to cirrhosis,complications of portal hypertension,and liver-related death,and,therefore,must be accurately identified.In this review,we highlight the challenges facing the diagnosis of liver damage associated with connective tissue disease and identify immune mechanisms involved in liver damage associated with connective tissue diseases.
基金supported by the Guangdong Pro vincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration Funds for the re search and development projects in Building Strong Province in Tradi tional Chinese Medicine in 2009(NO.2009113)
文摘Complications are more frequent in elderly patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）, such as impaired glucose tolerance and constipations. It is always difficult to cure these complications in clinical practice. In this case we had successfully cured an eighty-three years old man with CHD complicating impaired glucose tolerance and constipation by integrated Chinese-Western medicine.
