Higher body mass index deteriorates postoperative outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy

Background:Previous studies presented controversies in impact of body mass index(BMI)on perioper-ative complications in pancreatectomy,and mainly focused on Western population.This study aimed to explore the impact of BMI on perioperative outcomes in Chinese patients undergoing pancreaticoduo-denectomy.Methods:Seven hundred and seven adult patients undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy between January 2005 and December 2016 at Ruijin Hospital were studied retrospectively and categorized as obese(BMI≥25 kg/m^2),overweight(BMI≥23 kg/m^2 and<25 kg/m^2),or normal weight(BMI≥18.5 kg/m^2 and<23 kg/m^2).Associations of these BMI groups with perioperative outcomes were evaluated.Results:The overweight and obese groups experienced higher risk of clinically related postoperative pan-creatic fistula(CR-POPF)(7.6%vs.9.9%vs.17.6%,P=0.002)and re-operation(1.1%vs.2.5%vs.5.1%,P=0.017),and longer systemic inflammation response syndrome(SIRS)duration[2(1–9)d vs.2(1–7)d vs.3(1–10)d,P=0.003]and postoperative hospital stay[19(2–84)d vs.19(7–158)d vs.23(8–121)d,P=0.023]than the normal weight group did.The multiple logistic regression models showed obese as an independent risk factor for CR-POPF(P=0.013).The multiple linear regression analysis confirmed BMI as a predictor for prolonged postoperative hospital stay(P=0.005).Conclusions:Higher BMI results in higher morbidity of Chinese patients undergoing open pancreaticoduo-denectomy.Pancreaticoduodenectomy is still a safe surgery procedure for overweight and obese patients,with intensive perioperative management.

Outcomes of robotic surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Authors introduction： Qian Zhan, female, who was born in Sept, 1979. She studied in the Shanghai Second Medical University during 1998 to 2005. She majored in Clinical Medicine, and earned her master degree in 2005. In 2005, she went to the Beaujon Hospital of Paris 7th Universit3. in France, as a foreign intern. Later, she came to postgraduate work and residencies in the general surgery department of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital. Her clinical work is focused on multidisciplinary especially postoperative management for the patients with pancreatic cancer. In addition, she is a lead researcher in the pancreatic cancer group for nano based drug delivery, systems. Chenghong Peng, male, who was born in Apr, 1957. He worked in the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine during 1989 to 2002. In 2002, Chenghong Peng came m Shanghai Ruiiin Hospital and began to take charge of general surgery department. As a pioneer in the hepatobifiopancreatic field, Chenghong Peng devoted himself in the basic and clinical research of pancreatic tmnors. He brings forth new ideas by creating ＂Pancreatic multiple treatment collaborating groups＂, which integrate the advantages of gasn＇oenterology, department, endoscopy department, radiology department, pathology deparnnent and SICU. He constantly strives for excellence in pancreatic surgery. In the previous five years, he performed more than 300 cases of pancreatectomy each year, and has accomplished more than 2,000 cases of pancreatectomy altogether, among which the resectable rate is 74%. Besides, he is also committed to laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgeD,. He has achieved more than 200 laparoscopic hepatectomies, 150 laparoscopic pancreatectomies and 500 robotic hepatobiliopancreatic surgeries （350 robotic pancreatic surgeries included）, which keeps leading position in China. In 2011, Chenghong Peng has won the first prize in 3rd international congress of CRSA, which marked that our achievement in robotic surgery was recognized by oversea peers.Background： To explore the effectiveness, safety, and efficacy of the robot-assisted surgery in the radical resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma （PDAC）. Methods： The clinical data of 72 patients with PDAC who underwent radical resection using the da Vinci Surgical System from April 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results： Among these 72 patients, three were converted to conventional laparotomy due to the vascular invasion or due to the difficulties in tissue isolation from the surrounding organs. Among 39 patients who underwent the pancreatoduodenectomy, the average operative time was 395.3±118.8 min, and the mean intra-operative blood loss was 447.3±269.9 mL. Among 31 patients who underwent the distal pancreatectomy （DP）, the average operative time was 185.5±74.1 min, and the mean intra-operative blood loss was 267.1±305.3 mL. In two patients who received the middle pancreatectomy （NIP）, the average operative time was 225 rain and mean intra-operative blood loss was 100 mL. Among all the 72 patients, an average of 4.2±2.6 lymph nodes were dissected, with an average hospital stay of 22.6±10.7 days. Complications were observed in 18 patients, which included pancreatic fistula （n=11）, bile leak （n=5）, anastomotic bleeding （n：2）, pancreatic fistula complicated with portal vein thrombosis （n=1）, and anastomotic bleeding complicated with acute renal failure （n=l）. Except that one patient died due to post-operative bleeding and acute renal failure, all the other patients were cured after conservative treatment. These 72 patients were followed for 1-45 （15.6±5.8） months, during which 10 patients died. Eleven patients suffered from recurrence or metastasis, among which 6 had local recurrence, 4 had liver metastasis, and 1 had ascites accompnaied with incision site tumor metastasis. Conclusions- Radical resection of PDAC by robotic surgical system is safe and feasible. It has less surgical trauma and enables faster post-operative recovery, and therefore can achieve the lymph node dissection scope and tumor resection margin required by the standards of radical resection for pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, its long-term efficacy requires further validation.

Consensus of clinical diagnosis and treatment for non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with diameter<2 cm

In clinical practice,pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(pNENs)with a diameter smaller than 2 cm are commonly referred to as small pNENs.Due to their generally favorable biological characteristics,the diagnosis and treatment of small pNENs differ from other pNENs and are somewhat controversial.In response to this,the Chinese Pancreatic Surgery Association,Chinese Society of Surgery,Chinese Medical Association have developed a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of small pNENs,which is based on evidence-based medicine and expert opinions.This consensus covers various topics,including concepts,disease assessment,treatment selection,follow-up,and other relevant aspects.

Discovery of novel KRAS-PDEδ inhibitors with potent activity in patient-derived human pancreatic tumor xenograft models

KRAS-PDEδ interaction is revealed as a promising target for suppressing the function of mutant KRAS. The bottleneck in clinical development of PDEδ inhibitors is the poor antitumor activity of known chemotypes. Here, we identified novel spiro-cyclic PDEδ inhibitors with potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, compound 36 l(KD= 127 ± 16 nmol/L) effectively bound to PDEδ and interfered with KRAS-PDEδ interaction. It influenced the distribution of KRAS in Mia PaCa-2 cells, downregulated the phosphorylation of t-ERK and t-AKT and promoted apoptosis of the cells. The novel inhibitor 36 l exhibited significant in vivo antitumor potency in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft(PDX) models. It represents a promising lead compound for investigating the druggability of KRAS-PDEδ interaction.

Acupuncture and moxibustion for malignant tumor patients with psychological symptoms of insomnia,anxiety and depression:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy(AMT) for cancerrelated psychological symptoms(CRPS) of insomnia,depression and anxiety.METHODS:Seven databases were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCT) comparing AMT to routine care or conventional drug for alleviating CRPS of insomnia,depression,and anxiety before April 2020.Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction and assessed the risk of bias.RESULTS:A total of 30 RCTs involving 2483 cancer patients were enrolled.The pooled analysis indicated that the treatment group was significantly better than the control group in improving the depression effective rate [RR = 1.29,95% CI(1.12,1.49),P = 0.0004],the quality of life(QOL) [MD = 1.11,95% CI(0.80,1.42),P < 0.000 01],and reducing Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) [MD =﹣7.75,95% CI(﹣10.44,﹣5.05),P < 0.000 01].But there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in improving the insomnia effective rate [RR = 1.18,95% CI(0.93,1.51),P = 0.18].The subgroup analysis showed the effectiveness of different intervention on CRPS.Compared with routine care,AMT helps relieve CRPS better evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),and depression effective rate.Compared with conventional drug,AMT performs better evaluated by SDS,depression effective rate and QOL.Moreover,the conventional drug showed higher treatment efficacy on improving insomnia effective rate compared with AMT.Compared to conventional drug,AMT plus conventional drug resulted in a significant reduction on CRPS such as PSQI,HAMD,SDS,and SAS,and also had a meaningful improvement on insomnia effective rate,depression effective rate and QOL.Fewer published reports were found on the adverse events of AMT than the conventional drug.CONCLUSION:The results suggested that AMT might be effective in improving CPRI;however,a definite conclusion could not be drawn because the quality of trials are low.Further large-scale and high-quality RCTs to verify the efficacy and safety of AMT on CRPS are still warranted.