In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-n...In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that infect erythrocytes of various mammalian and non-mammalian animals and mainly transmitted by blood sucking arthropod vectors.The genus Bartonella includes several species of important human diseases with severe clinical signs.Several new Bartonella species were isolated from rodents and other small mammals,and from human patients in Asia.Bartonella species are identified using standard polymerase chain reaction amplification and a sequencing targeting two housekeeping genes(glt.A and rpoB) and the internal transcribed spacer fragment.Authors also discuss the implications in term of potential emerging zoonotic diseases.展开更多
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus contributing yearly, to birds, horses and human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. WNV is transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, predominantly by Culex specie...West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus contributing yearly, to birds, horses and human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. WNV is transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, predominantly by Culex species, to avian hosts and other vertebrates. Since the mid-1990s, WNV outbreaks and severe human cases (i.e., West Nile neuroinvasive disease) have increased throughout the North hemisphere. The absence of human vaccine and effective therapy needs to understand the pathogenesis of WN severe disease as well as factors participating in WNV transmission and mosquito exposure. The exploration of the host/vector interaction at the individual level using host antibody response against mosquito salivary proteins has open news research opportunities aiming to increase the impact of surveillance and WNV vector control strategies. This review describes Culex saliva specific biomarkers as a helpful tool to estimate exposure to vector bites and risk for WNV infection, summarizes recent advances regarding WNV vector control strategies and highlights potential specific biomarkers of WN disease severity.展开更多
基金Supported by the French ANR CERoPath project(number ANR 07 BDIV 012)the French ANR BiodivHealthSEA project(number ANR 11 CPEL.002)
文摘In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that infect erythrocytes of various mammalian and non-mammalian animals and mainly transmitted by blood sucking arthropod vectors.The genus Bartonella includes several species of important human diseases with severe clinical signs.Several new Bartonella species were isolated from rodents and other small mammals,and from human patients in Asia.Bartonella species are identified using standard polymerase chain reaction amplification and a sequencing targeting two housekeeping genes(glt.A and rpoB) and the internal transcribed spacer fragment.Authors also discuss the implications in term of potential emerging zoonotic diseases.
文摘West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus contributing yearly, to birds, horses and human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. WNV is transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, predominantly by Culex species, to avian hosts and other vertebrates. Since the mid-1990s, WNV outbreaks and severe human cases (i.e., West Nile neuroinvasive disease) have increased throughout the North hemisphere. The absence of human vaccine and effective therapy needs to understand the pathogenesis of WN severe disease as well as factors participating in WNV transmission and mosquito exposure. The exploration of the host/vector interaction at the individual level using host antibody response against mosquito salivary proteins has open news research opportunities aiming to increase the impact of surveillance and WNV vector control strategies. This review describes Culex saliva specific biomarkers as a helpful tool to estimate exposure to vector bites and risk for WNV infection, summarizes recent advances regarding WNV vector control strategies and highlights potential specific biomarkers of WN disease severity.
