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Genome-wide association study reveals that JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN 5 regulates seed germination in rice
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作者 Shan Sun Liling Peng +5 位作者 Qianqian Huang Zhibo Huang Chengjing Wang Jia Zhao Zhoufei Wang Yongqi He 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第4期1001-1009,共9页
Seed germination is a complex trait regulated by multiple genes in rice.However,the regulators of rice seed germination have yet to be sufficiently determined.Here,a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for rice seed germinat... Seed germination is a complex trait regulated by multiple genes in rice.However,the regulators of rice seed germination have yet to be sufficiently determined.Here,a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for rice seed germination was identified in a genome-wide association study.The candidate gene JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN 5(OsJAZ5)of the QTL was verified that positively regulates seed germination.OsJAZ5 regulation of seed germination involves an OsABI3-mediated abscisic acid pathway.Overexpression of OsJAZ5 facilitated seed germination.The application of OsJAZ5 might be useful for increasing seed germination for rice direct seeding. 展开更多
关键词 Abscisic acid JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN Oryza sativa Seed germination
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Breeding and Seed Production Techniques of New Aromatic Danxiangyouzhenliang Rice Variety with Good Quality and High Yield
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作者 Riwei HUANG Qiujun LONG +3 位作者 Zishuai SHANG Rihui HUANG Chunliang LIAO Yuechao LUO 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2024年第8期38-41,46,共5页
Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is a high-quality rice variety derived from the hybrid breeding of Danxiang 12A and Xianghuixiangmiao R133.Its unique temperature-sensitive three-line characteristics endow it with significan... Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is a high-quality rice variety derived from the hybrid breeding of Danxiang 12A and Xianghuixiangmiao R133.Its unique temperature-sensitive three-line characteristics endow it with significant advantages of high and stable yield,and its rice fragrance is exquisite and its taste is delicate.Danxiangyouzhenliang rice showed good resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight.On June 10,2021,Danxiangyouzhenliang rice passed the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval(Guishendao 2021074).Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is suitable to be planted as early and late rice in southern,central and northern Guangxi.This study summarized the breeding process and high-yielding seed production techniques of Danxiangyouzhenliang rice,in order to provide useful reference for rice breeders and growers. 展开更多
关键词 Danxiangyouzhenliang RICE SEED production technology HIGH-QUALITY RICE Hybrid BREEDING TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE three-line
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Natural variation in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B OsCOX5B regulates seed vigor by altering energy production in rice
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作者 Chengwei Huang Zhijuan Ji +7 位作者 Qianqian Huang Liling Peng Wenwen Li Dandan Wang Zepeng Wu Jia Zhao Yongqi He Zhoufei Wang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第9期2898-2910,共13页
Seed vigor is a crucial trait for the direct seeding of rice.Here we examined the genetic regulation of seed vigor traits in rice,including germination index(GI)and germination potential(GP),using a genome-wide associ... Seed vigor is a crucial trait for the direct seeding of rice.Here we examined the genetic regulation of seed vigor traits in rice,including germination index(GI)and germination potential(GP),using a genome-wide association study approach.One major quantitative trait locus,qGI6/qGP6,was identified simultaneously for both GI and GP.The candidate gene encoding the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B(OsCOX5B)was validated for qGI6/qGP6.The disruption of OsCOX5B caused the vigor traits to be significantly lower in Oscox5b mutants than in the japonica Nipponbare wild type(WT).Gene co-expression analysis revealed that OsCOX5B influences seed vigor mainly by modulating the tricarboxylic acid cycle process.The glucose levels were significantly higher while the pyruvic acid and adenosine triphosphate levels were significantly lower in Oscox5b mutants than in WT during seed germination.The elite haplotype of OsCOX5B facilitates seed vigor by increasing its expression during seed germination.Thus,we propose that OsCOX5B is a potential target for the breeding of rice varieties with enhanced seed vigor for direct seeding. 展开更多
关键词 cytochrome c oxidase natural variation RICE seed vigor
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qSTA2-2,a novel QTL that contributes to seed starch synthesis in Zea mays L.
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作者 Minghao Cai Xuhui Li +6 位作者 Zhi Liang Jie Wang Delin Li Zhipeng Yuan Riliang Gu Jianhua Wang Li Li 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期1118-1133,共16页
The seed storage materials accumulate during seed development,and are essential for seed germination and seedling establishment.Here we employed two bi-parental populations of an F2:3 population developed from a cross... The seed storage materials accumulate during seed development,and are essential for seed germination and seedling establishment.Here we employed two bi-parental populations of an F2:3 population developed from a cross of improved 220(I220,small seeds with low starch)and PH4CV(large seeds with high starch),as well as recombinant-inbred lines(RILs)of X178(high starch)and its improved introgression line I178(low starch),to identify the genes that control seed storage materials.We identified a total of 12 QTLs for starch,protein and oil,which explained 3.44-10.79%of the phenotypic variances.Among them,qSTA2-1 identified in F2:3 and qSTA2-2 identified in the RILs partially overlapped at an interval of 7.314-9.554 Mb,and they explained 3.44-10.21%of the starch content variation,so they were selected for further study.Fine mapping of qSTA2-2 with the backcrossed populations of ^(I220)/PH4CV in each generation narrowed it down to a 199.7 kb interval that contains 14 open reading frames(ORFs).Transcriptomic analysis of developing seeds from the near-isogenic lines(NILs)of ^(I220)/PH4CV(BC_(5)F_(2))showed that only 11 ORFs were expressed in 20 days after pollination(DAP)seeds.Five of them were upregulated and six of them were downregulated in NIL^(I220),and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between NIL^(I220) and NIL^(PH4CV) were enriched in starch metabolism,hormone signal transduction and glycosaminoglycan degradation.Of the eleven NIL^(I220) differential expressed ORFs,ORF4(Zm00001d002260)and ORF5(Zm00001d002261)carry 75%protein sequence similarity,both encodes an glycolate oxidase,were the possible candidates of qSTA2-2.Further analysis and validation indicated that mutation of the qSTA2-2 locus resulted in the dysfunction of ABA accumulation,the embryo/endosperm ratio and the starch and hormone levels. 展开更多
关键词 QTL mapping seed starch transcriptomic analysis HORMONE
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Effects of Different Seed Coating Agents on the Quality of"Grey-matter"Hybrid Rice Seeds
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作者 Yuan YUAN Manzhuo TANG +7 位作者 Hanyu NING Lianghui JIANG Chunxia LU Yan WANG Chenzhong JIN Jie PENG Xinhua KUANG Yihong HU 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2023年第3期119-124,共6页
[Objectives]This study was conducted to select suitable mixed seed coating agents for improving the quality of"grey-matter"hybrid rice seeds.[Methods]Three different mixed seed coating agents(A,B,C)were used... [Objectives]This study was conducted to select suitable mixed seed coating agents for improving the quality of"grey-matter"hybrid rice seeds.[Methods]Three different mixed seed coating agents(A,B,C)were used to coat the seeds of two varieties(Taiyou 390 and Zhenliangyou 8612)of hybrid rice with different"grey-matter"content(5%,15%,25%),and the results were investigated and compared.[Results]The combinations of treatment B(seed coating agent A+Linong)and treatment C(Manshijin+seed coating agent A)could significantly improve indexes including seed germination potential,germination rate,seed vigor,seedling height,fibrous roots and fresh weight of the two varieties with a"grey-matter"content greater than 15%,but had no significant effects on main root length,dry weight,leaf number and tiller number,and the effects of treatment B was better than those of treatment C.That is to say,mixed seed coating agent B(seed coating agent A+Linong)was suitable for use as a seed coating agent to improve the quality of"grey-matter"seeds.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference plan for the safe use of mixed seed batches with"grey-matter"deterioration. 展开更多
关键词 Hybrid rice Grey-matter seed Seed coating agent Seed vigor Seedling quality
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Rice gene OsUGT75A regulates seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions
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作者 Jia Zhao Siyu Liu +5 位作者 Xiaoqian Zhao Zhibo Huang Shan Sun Zixuan Zeng Yongqi He Zhoufei Wang 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期133-141,共9页
Poor seedling emergence is a challenge for direct seeding of rice under deep-sowing field conditions.Here we reveal that UDP-glucosyltransferase OsUGT75A promotes rice seedling emergence under deepsowing conditions by... Poor seedling emergence is a challenge for direct seeding of rice under deep-sowing field conditions.Here we reveal that UDP-glucosyltransferase OsUGT75A promotes rice seedling emergence under deepsowing conditions by increasing shoot length.Expression of OsUGT75A was higher in the middle regions of the shoot and in shoots under deep-sowing conditions.Levels of free abscisic acid(ABA)and jasmonates(JA)were higher in shoots of OsUGT75A mutants than in those of wild-type plants,and OsUGT75A mutants were more sensitive to ABA and JA treatments.Reduced shoot length was attributed to higher ABA INSENSITIVE 3(OsABI3)expression and lower JASMONATE-ZIM domain protein(OsJAZ)expression in shoots.Shoot extension by OsUGT75A is achieved mainly by promotion of cell elongation.An elite haplotype of OsUGT75A associated with increased shoot length was identified among indica rice accessions.OsUGT75A acts to increase seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Abscisic acid Deep-sowing Jasmonic acid RICE Shoot length
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Melatonin mitigates cold-induced damage to pepper seedlings by promoting redox homeostasis and regulating antioxidant profiling
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作者 Muhammad Ahsan Altaf Yuanyuan Hao +9 位作者 Huangying Shu Weiheng Jin Chuhao Chen Lin Li Yu Zhang Muhammad Ali Mumtaz Huizhen Fu Shanhan Cheng Guopeng Zhu Zhiwei Wang 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期532-544,共13页
This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin(ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress(CS) is one of... This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin(ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress(CS) is one of the most important environmental factors that restrict plant growth and yield. Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) is a valuable commercial crop, highly sensitive to CS. Thus, identifying an efficient strategy to mitigate cold damage is critical for long-term pepper production. For this purpose, the roots of pepper seedlings were pretreated with ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) and exposed to CS for 7 d. The results indicated that CS suppressed pepper growth, hampered photosynthetic capacity, and damaged root architecture in pepper plants. In contrast, the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS), malondialdehyde(MDA), electrolyte leakage(EL), proline, and soluble sugars were enhanced in plants under CS. ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) pretreatment reduced the negative effects of CS by recovering plant growth, root traits, gas exchange elements, and pigment molecules compared to CS control treatment. Furthermore, ME application efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)), superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-)), EL, and MDA] while increasing proline and soluble sugar content in pepper leaves. ME application combined with CS further increased antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression. Collectively, our results confirmed the mitigating potential of ME supplementation for CS by maintaining pepper seedling growth,improving the photosynthesis apparatus, regulating pigments, and osmolyte content. 展开更多
关键词 PEPPER MELATONIN Cold stress Antioxidant enzyme Root trait
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Mapping and identification of QTLs for seed fatty acids in soybean(Glycine max L.)
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作者 Yiwang Zhong Xingang Li +8 位作者 Shasha Wang Sansan Li Yuhong Zeng Yanbo Cheng Qibin Ma Yanyan Wang Yuanting Pang Hai Nian Ke Wen 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第12期3966-3982,共17页
Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil.The oil content and fatty acid ratio have attracted significant attention due to their impacts on the shelf-life of soybean oil products and consumer healt... Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil.The oil content and fatty acid ratio have attracted significant attention due to their impacts on the shelf-life of soybean oil products and consumer health.In this study,a high-density genetic map derived from Guizao 1 and Brazil 13 was used to analyze the quantitative trait loci of palmitic acid(PA),stearic acid(SA),oleic acid(OA),linoleic acid(LA),linolenic acid(LNA),and oil content(OC).A total of 54 stable QTLs were detected in the genetic map linkage analysis,which shared six bin intervals.Among them,the bin interval on chromosome 13(bin106-bin118 and bin123-bin125)was found to include stable QTLs in multiple environments that were linked to OA,LA,and LNA.Eight differentially expressed genes(DEGs)within these QTL intervals were determined as candidate genes according to the combination of parental resequencing,bioinformatics and RNA sequencing data.All these results are conducive to breeding soybean with the ideal fatty acid ratio for food,and provide the genetic basis for mining genes related to the fatty acid and oil content traits in soybean. 展开更多
关键词 SOYBEAN OIL fatty acids QTL GENE
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Identification of candidate genes that regulate the trade-off between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon (Cucumis melo L.) 被引量:1
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作者 Lili Li Qiong Li +16 位作者 Bin Chen Jiyu Wang Fei Ding Panqiao Wang Xiuyue Zhang Juan Hou Renren Luo Xiang Li Jingwen Zheng Sen Yang Luming Yang Lei Zhu Shouru Sun Changsheng Ma Qin Li Ying Li Jianbin Hu 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第7期7-21,共15页
Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlin... Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures,and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.However,little is known about the mechanism behind the trade-offs between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.In this study,a total of 31 primary metabolites were detected from the mature fruits of eight melon lines that differ with respect to seedling cold tolerance;these included 12 amino acids,10 organic acids,and 9 soluble sugars.Our results showed that concentrations of most of the primary metabolites in the cold-resistant melons were generally lower than in the cold-sensitive melons;the greatest difference in metabolite levels was observed between the cold-resistant line H581 and the moderately cold-resistant line HH09.The metabolite and transcriptome data for these two lines were then subjected to weighted correlation network analysis,resulting in the identification of five key candidate genes underlying the balancing between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality.Among these genes,CmEAF7 might play multiple roles in regulating chloroplast development,photosynthesis,and the ABA pathway.Furthermore,multi-method functional analysis showed that CmEAF7 can certainly improve both seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.Our study identified an agriculturally important gene,CmEAF7,and provides a new insight into breeding methods to develop melon cultivars with seedling cold tolerance and high fruit quality. 展开更多
关键词 SEEDLING BREEDING CULTIVAR
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Discrimination of individual seed viability by using the oxygen consumption technique and headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry
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作者 TU Ke-ling YIN Yu-lin +2 位作者 YANG Li-ming WANG Jian-hua SUN Qun 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期727-737,共11页
Identifying and selecting high-quality seeds is crucial for improving crop yield.The purpose of this study was to improve the selection of crop seeds based on separating vital seeds from dead seeds,by predicting the p... Identifying and selecting high-quality seeds is crucial for improving crop yield.The purpose of this study was to improve the selection of crop seeds based on separating vital seeds from dead seeds,by predicting the potential germination ability of each seed,and thus improving seed quality.The methods of oxygen consumption (Q) of seeds and the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(HS-GC-IMS) were evaluated for identifying the viability of individual seeds.Firstly,the oxygen consumption technique showed clear differences among the values related to respiratory characteristics for seeds that were either vital or not,and the discrimination ability of final oxygen consumption(Q_(120)) was achieved not only in sweet corn seeds but also in pepper and wheat seeds.Besides,Qtwas established as a new variable to shorten the measuring process in the Q2 (oxygen sensor) procedure,which was significantly related to the viability of individual seeds.To minimize seed damage during measurement,the timing for viability evaluation was pinpointed at the 12,6 and 9 h for pepper,sweet corn,and wheat seeds based on the new variables concerning oxygen consumption (i.e.,Q_(12),Q_(6)and Q_(9),respectively).The accuracies of viability prediction were 91.9,97.7 and 96.2%,respectively.Dead seeds were identified and hence discarded,leading to an enhancement in the quality of the seed lot as indicated by an increase in germination percentage,from 86.6,90.9,and 53.8%to all at 100%.We then used the HS-GC-IMS to determine the viability of individual sweet corn seeds,noting that corn seed has a heavier weight so the volatile gas components are more likely to be detected.A total of 48 chromatographic peaks were identified,among which 38 target compounds were characterized,including alcohols,aldehydes,acids and esters.However,there were no significant differences between the vital and dead seeds,due to the trace amount volatile composition differences among the individual seeds.Furthermore,a PCA based on the signal intensities of the target volatile compounds obtained was found to lose its effectiveness,as it was unable to distinguish those two types of sweet corn seeds.These strategies can provide a reference for the rapid detection of single seed viability. 展开更多
关键词 headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry oxygen consumption seed respiration sweet corn TOMATO wheat
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Phenotypical and gene co-expression network analyses of seed shattering in divergent sorghum(Sorghum spp.)
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作者 Xin Xiao Mengjiao Zhu +6 位作者 Yishan Liu Jingru Zheng Yiping Cui Candong Xiong Jiangjiang Liu Jun Chen Hongwei Cai 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第2期478-489,共12页
Sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench],a multipurpose C4 crop,is also a model species of the Poaceae family for plant research.During the process of domestication,the modification of seed dispersal mode is considered a ke... Sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench],a multipurpose C4 crop,is also a model species of the Poaceae family for plant research.During the process of domestication,the modification of seed dispersal mode is considered a key event,as the loss of seed shattering caused a significant increase in yield.In order to understand the seed shattering process in sorghum,we further studied eight previously identified divergent sorghum germplasm with different shattering degrees.We described their phenotypes in great detail,analyzed the histology of abscission zone,and conducted a gene co-expression analysis.We observed that the abscission layer of the most strong-shattering varieties began to differentiate before the 5-10 cm panicles development stage and was completely formed at flag leaf unfolding.The protective cells on the pedicels were also fully lignified by flowering.Through the weighted gene correlation network analysis(WGCNA),we mined for candidate genes involved in the abscission process at the heading stage.We found that these genes were mainly associated with such biological processes as hormone signal transmission(SORBI_3003G361300,SORBI_3006G216500,SORBI_3009G027800,SORBI_3007G077200),cell wall modification and degradation(SORBI_3002G205500,SORBI_3004G013800,SORBI_3010G022400,SORBI_3003G251800,SORBI_3003G254700,SORBI_3003G410800,SORBI_3009G162700,SORBI_3001G406700,SORBI_3004G042700,SORBI_3004G244600,SORBI_3001G099100),and lignin synthesis(SORBI_3004G220700,SORBI_3004G062500,SORBI_3010G214900,SORBI_3009G181800).Our study has provided candidate genes required for shedding for further study.We believe that function characterization of these genes may provide insight into our understanding of seed shattering process. 展开更多
关键词 Divergent sorghum Seed shattering Abscission zone WGCNA
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Performance of Five Early Indica Rice Varieties under Direct Seeding in Jiangbei District
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作者 Xiaoping YING Hefang LI +1 位作者 Junjie LI Juanying HAN 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2023年第5期57-58,64,共3页
Comparative experiments were conducted on five conventional indica rice varieties,including Yongxian 15,Zhongzao 39,Shunda 135,Zhongzu 143,and Zhongzu 18.Under direct seeding conditions,their growth period and yield p... Comparative experiments were conducted on five conventional indica rice varieties,including Yongxian 15,Zhongzao 39,Shunda 135,Zhongzu 143,and Zhongzu 18.Under direct seeding conditions,their growth period and yield performance were investigated.The results showed that the yield of Zhonggang 143 and Shunda 135 was higher than that of Yongxian 15(CK),and Zhonggang 143 had the highest yield of 7.494 t/hm 2,followed by Shunda 135(7.467 t/hm 2);Yongxian 18(CK)has a yield of 7.326 t/hm 2.Taking into account factors such as field growth,yield,and growth period,Zhongzu 143 and Shunda 135 can be further promoted to optimize the early rice variety structure in Jiangbei District. 展开更多
关键词 Early indica rice Direct seeding YIELD
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Seed Priming Improves Enzymatic and Biochemical Performances of Rice During Seed Germination under Low and High Temperatures
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作者 Salar MONAJJEM Elias SOLTANI +4 位作者 Ebrahim ZAINALI Masoud ESFAHANI Farshid GHADERI-FAR Maryam HOSSEINI CHALESHTORI Atefeh REZAEI 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第4期335-347,I0024-I0027,共17页
As an abiotic stress,adverse germination temperatures cause serious disruptions in physiological and biochemical processes involved in seed germination.Using a factorial experiment,we examined the effects of different... As an abiotic stress,adverse germination temperatures cause serious disruptions in physiological and biochemical processes involved in seed germination.Using a factorial experiment,we examined the effects of different seed priming treatments on enzymatic and biochemical performances of rice seed germination under different temperatures.Each of the rice genotypes(Hashemi,Sadry-domsefid,IRON-70-7053-7 and NORIN-22)was primed with hydro-hardening,KCl,CaCl2 and ascorbic acid(AsA)and without a priming agent as a control at low(15℃),optimum(25℃)and high(35℃)germination temperatures.The results showed that the enzymatic and biochemical performances of all the rice genotypes were affected by the seed priming agents,especially under the low germination temperature.At 15℃,seed priming with AsA was found to be the best agent for the activities of amylase,α-amylase,catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POX),ascorbate peroxidase(APOX)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)as well as the content of soluble sugars in the NORIN-22 genotype,and for protease activity and soluble protein content in the IRON-70-7053-7 genotype.SOD at the low germination temperature and CAT,POX and protease at the optimum and high germination temperatures were the most important enzymes in occurrence of germination potential in terms of seedling length,vigor index,normal seedling rate and germination rate.Under the priming agents,the highest changes in normal seedling rate were observed at the low and optimum germination temperatures by AsA priming in the Hashemi and NORIN-22 genotypes,and at the high germination temperature under KCl priming in the Hashemi genotype. 展开更多
关键词 antioxidant activity biochemical performance germination temperature RICE seed priming
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Conditions and Stimulation for Germination in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch Seeds 被引量:1
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作者 MAO Pei-sheng WANG Yu-hong WANG Xin-guo LIAN Jia-jie HUANG Ying 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2008年第12期1438-1444,共7页
Evaluation of seed quality is the key to seed distributing and seeding of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, as an important species for pharmacy and soil conservation. Here, we study the effects of light and temperature on... Evaluation of seed quality is the key to seed distributing and seeding of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, as an important species for pharmacy and soil conservation. Here, we study the effects of light and temperature on seed germination and mechanical and chemical scarification on breaking the seed coat. Seeds were collected in 2004, 2005, and 2006, placed in Petri dishes, and incubated at constant temperature 20, 25, and 30℃, and alternating temperature 15-25, 20-30, 15-30, and 20-35℃ under either an 8h photoperiod or total darkness for 28 consecutive days. Different methods were used to break the dormancy owing to hard seededness in this species such as chemical scarification by immersing in concentrated sulphuric acid for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 min, in 0.2% KNO3 solution to saturate the seedbed, and prechilling for 7 d at 7℃ and mechanical scarification by cutting. The results showed that alternating temperature at 20-30℃ with 8 h photoperiod and 16 h darkness was optimum for G. uralensis seed germinating in the laboratory. Hard seeds were broken by concentrated sulphuric acid soaking or mechanical scarification by cutting. Germination of seeds harvested in two different years was both promoted by immersing for 30-45 min in concentrated sulphuric acid. KNO3 solution was ineffective for reducing hard seeds. During seed germinating, the first count was on the 7th day and the last count was on the 14th day. 展开更多
关键词 seed germination seed hardness seed scarification Glycyrrhiza uralensis
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Pyramiding of multiple genes generates rapeseed introgression lines with clubroot and herbicide resistance, high oleic acid content, and early maturity 被引量:1
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作者 Zhaoyang Wang Fucai Wang +6 位作者 Zihan Yu Xiaorui Shi Xianming Zhou Pengfei Wang Yixian Song Dengfeng Hong Guangsheng Yang 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期895-903,共9页
Clubroot and herbicide resistance,high oleic acid(OA)content,and early maturity are targets of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)breeding.The objective of this study was to develop new male-fertility restorer lines by pyrami... Clubroot and herbicide resistance,high oleic acid(OA)content,and early maturity are targets of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)breeding.The objective of this study was to develop new male-fertility restorer lines by pyramiding favorable genes to improve these traits simultaneously.Seven elite alleles for the four traits were introduced into the restorer line 621R by speed breeding with marker-assisted and phenotypic selection.Six introgression lines(ILs)were developed with four-to seven-gene combinations and crossed with two elite parents to develop hybrids.All ILs and their corresponding hybrids displayed high resistance to both clubroot pathotype 4 and sulfonylurea herbicides.Three ILs and their hybrids showed large increases in OA contents and four showed earlier maturity.These new ILs may be useful in rapeseed hybrid breeding for the target traits. 展开更多
关键词 Clubroot resistance Herbicide resistance Oleic acid content Flowering time Pyramid breeding
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Do Aqueous Extracts from Buckwheat Compromise Seed Germination and Initial Development of Bidens pilosa and Euphorbia heterophylla? 被引量:1
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作者 Joanei Cechin Mateus Poncheki +2 位作者 André Belmont Pereira João Victor de Mattos Rafael Domingues 《Agricultural Sciences》 2023年第6期804-818,共15页
Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) is a dicot species from the Polygonaceae family used as a cover crop in agricultural systems featured with a remarkable allelopathic potential for weed control, helping herbicid... Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (buckwheat) is a dicot species from the Polygonaceae family used as a cover crop in agricultural systems featured with a remarkable allelopathic potential for weed control, helping herbicide-resistance management and promoting substantial reductions in herbicide applications. The aim of this research was to examine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from seeds and aerial part of buckwheat on seed germination and initial development of Bidens pilosa and Euphorbia heterophylla. Bioassay experiments were conducted under a completely randomized experimental design with four replications, containing 50 seeds each. Both weed seed species were harvested in a soybean field, and seed viability was previously assessed. Seeds were exposed to four concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100%) from extracts of seeds (ES) and aerial part (EAP) of buckwheat. Germination speed index (GSI) in B. pilosa and E. heterophylla was daily evaluated throughout 14 and 16 days, respectively, whereas percentage of germination, abnormal seedlings, as well as non-germinated seeds, root (RL) and aerial part length (APL), and total dry matter (TDM) were rated at final germination test. EAP reduced the GSI, especially under the 100% concentration. Germination percentage was lower and abnormal seedlings increased for both weed species when seeds were exposed to EAP concentrations greater than 25%. However, ES did not impinge upon E. heterophylla germination. EAP and ES reduced the APL, RL, and TDM for concentrations greater than 50%, except for ES which did not affect E. heterophylla development. Both extracts from buckwheat have a high capacity to inhibit germination and compromise seedling development, culminating in such a potential alternative for B. pilosa and E. heterophylla management in agricultural systems. 展开更多
关键词 Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Plant Allelopathy ALLELOCHEMICALS Weed Management BIOHERBICIDES
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Yield and Profit from New and Old Wheat Varieties Using Certified and Farmer-Saved Seeds
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作者 Krishna Dev Joshi Attiq Ur Rehrnan +14 位作者 Ghulam Ullah Amanullah Baloch Makhdoom Hussain Javed Ahmad Mohammad Ishaq Gulzar Ahmad Nadeem Abroad Syed Haider Abbas Maqsood Qamar Mumtaz Abroad Abid Ilyas Dar Badar-uddin Khokhar Muhammad Sajid Akhlaq Hussain Muhammad Imtiaz 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2016年第3期141-150,共10页
Wheat is a strategic crop for food security in Pakistan with predominance of smallholder farmers. Farmer-saved seed (FSS) is used nearly by 75% of farmers for wheat production. Frequent variety or seed replacement i... Wheat is a strategic crop for food security in Pakistan with predominance of smallholder farmers. Farmer-saved seed (FSS) is used nearly by 75% of farmers for wheat production. Frequent variety or seed replacement is uncommon even among large-scale farmers, and certified seed (CS) is mostly bought to verify the value of new varieties. Replacing old and obsolete varieties by new high yielding disease resistant varieties is key to transferring new genetic gains to farmers. For the first time in Pakistan, on-farm factorial experiments involving seven new and five old wheat varieties and their corresponding CS and FSS were conducted. A total of 49 farmers representing major wheat cropping patterns throughout the country participated in these trials in the 2014 and 2015 wheat growing seasons. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant difference between wheat varieties and between seed classes. New variety + CS gave 33.8% more grain yield as well as higher marginal return over farmers' variety + FSS. Grain yield and returns from new variety + FSS and farmers' variety + CS were at par. Scientific knowledge generated in this research demonstrated that use of CS &new wheat varieties is best option, while growing new varieties with FSS is a second choice for the advantages accruing from their built-in genetic traits of economic importance over growing CS of old and obsolete varieties. Having more flexible seed system will help accelerate the delivery of new genetic gains to farmers' fields. 展开更多
关键词 Certified seed farmer-saved seed variety and seed replacement smallholder farmers YIELD return varietal popularization.
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Variation in cone and seed characters in blue pine (Pinus wallichiana) across natural distribution in western Himalayas 被引量:8
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作者 Ombir Singh Manisha Thapliyal 《Journal of Forestry Research》 CAS CSCD 2012年第2期235-239,共5页
We analyzed 17 seed sources (seed stands) ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states (Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh... We analyzed 17 seed sources (seed stands) ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states (Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh) of India. The significant variations were observed in cone weight, cone length, cone width, seed length, seed width, seed weight, seed germination, radicle length, and plumule length among different seed sources of the species. Significant positive correlation between seed weight, cone weight and cone width showed that seed weight in the species depend more on the cone size. Seed germination was also positively correlated with seed weight, cone weight and radicle length in the study. The estimates of variability with regard to genetic parameters for seed weight, seed germination, cone length, cone width, cone weight showed wide range of variation in the study. Seed weight showed high heritability values coupled with maximum genetic gain. Traits with such values indicate presence of good amount of heritable additive components and are under strong genetic control. The findings of the study revealed that seed sources expressed both phenotypic and genotypic differences in the seed and cone traits which might be due to the differences in genetic make up of various seed sources and environmental factors i,e. genotypic and environmental interaction, The study suggests that the seed weight should be given the top priority for the further improvement of this species. 展开更多
关键词 seed sources seed traits HERITABILITY genetic gain improve-ment.
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Longevity of Juniperus procera seed lots under different storage conditions: implications for ex situ conservation in seed banks 被引量:5
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作者 Negash Mamo Diriba Nigusie +2 位作者 Mulualem Tigabu Demel Teketay Miftah Fekadu 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第3期453-459,共7页
Juniperus procera Endl. is economically important timber species, but its populations are extremely small and fragmented in its natural habitat, thus, calling for immediate ex situ conservation. Here we examined the e... Juniperus procera Endl. is economically important timber species, but its populations are extremely small and fragmented in its natural habitat, thus, calling for immediate ex situ conservation. Here we examined the effects of seed sources and storage temperature on the longevity of Juniperus procera seed lots through collection and preservation of seeds in seed banks. Seeds were collected from nine sites across the species natural distribution in Ethiopia and stored in four warehouses: modern cold room (5℃), mud house (15℃), concrete block house (17℃ or corrugated iron house (20℃) for 42 months. Every three months, a random sample of stored seeds were drawn and tested for germination. A highly significant variation (p 0.01) in germination of stored seeds was observed among different storage environments, seed lots, and duration of storage. Over the storage period, seeds stored in the cold room had the highest mean percentage germination, followed by the mud house, corrugated house and blocket house. The cold room (41%) and the mud house (38%) maintained the same level of germination as the intitial germination of the seedlotds (42%). The variation in longevity of stored seeds was significnatly correlated with the initial germination of seed lots (r 0.80; p 0.01). Cold storage also resulted in enhancement of germination through its stratification effect that terminated the non-deepphysiological dormancy of juniper seeds. In conclusion, seed lots with good initial germination can be effectively stored in cold room (5℃) up to four years. In the absence of modern cold stores, mud houses can be used as a good alternative to store seeds at local level. 展开更多
关键词 GERMINATION African pencil cedar Ethiopia seed zones seed storage
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Maternal environment and seed size are important for successful germination and seedling establishment of Pterocarpus erinaceus (Fabaceae) 被引量:1
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作者 Beda Innocent Adji Doffou Sélastique Akaffou +1 位作者 Philippe De Reffye Sylvie Sabatier 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第3期977-990,共14页
Seed size and the growth environment are important variables that influence seed germination, growth and biomass of seedlings and future tree harvest and should thus be taken into account in agroforestry and reforesta... Seed size and the growth environment are important variables that influence seed germination, growth and biomass of seedlings and future tree harvest and should thus be taken into account in agroforestry and reforestation programmes for endangered species like Pterocarpus erinaceus. In the present study, to assess seedling germination and vigour in P. erinaceus as a function of seed size in two environments, 1080 seeds and 360 seedlings were evaluated at two separate sites in Côte d'Ivoire. The results show that large seeds had very high germination rates (up to 100%) and produced more vigorous plants better able to adapt to climate change. The maternal environment and seed size had a significant influence on seed germination (P < 0.05) and seedling development (P < 0.05) and biomass (P < 0.05). Seedlings were most successful at the site with a humid tropical climate (Daloa). Seedling leaves had the same resistance regardless of seed size and study site, but leaf moisture content was more stable in seedlings grown from medium and small seeds. These results will help guide conservation strategies for the species and are key factors for rural populations, loggers, and forest management structures for the silviculture of this species. 展开更多
关键词 Pterocarpus erinaceus Seed size Germination performance SEEDLING GROWTH
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