Theionarchaea is a recently described archaeal class within the Euryarchaeota.While it is widely distributed in sediment ecosystems,little is known about its metabolic potential and ecological features.Here,we used me...Theionarchaea is a recently described archaeal class within the Euryarchaeota.While it is widely distributed in sediment ecosystems,little is known about its metabolic potential and ecological features.Here,we used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to characterize 12 theionarchaeal metagenome-assembled genomes,which were further divided into two subgroups,from coastal mangrove sediments of China and seawater columns of the Yap Trench.Genomic analysis revealed that apart from the canonical sulfhydrogenase,Theionarchaea harbor genes encoding heliorhodopsin,group 4[NiFe]-hydrogenase,and flagellin,in which genes for heliorhodopsin and group 4[NiFe]-hydrogenase were transcribed in mangrove sediment.Further,the theionarchaeal substrate spectrum may be broader than previously reported as revealed by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics,and the potential carbon substrates include detrital proteins,hemicellulose,ethanol,and CO_(2).The genes for organic substrate metabolism(mainly detrital protein and amino acid metabolism genes)have relatively higher transcripts in the top sediment layers in mangrove wetlands.In addition,co-occurrence analysis suggested that the degradation of these organic compounds by Theionarchaea might be processed in syntrophy with fermenters(e.g.,Chloroflexi)and methanogens.Collectively,these observations expand the current knowledge of the metabolic potential of Theionarchaea,and shed light on the metabolic strategies and roles of these archaea in the marine ecosystems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91851105,31970105,31600093,3170043091951102)+1 种基金the Innovation Team Project of Universities in Guangdong Province(2020KCXTD023)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20200109105010363,JCYJ20180305163524811 and JCYJ20190808152403587)。
文摘Theionarchaea is a recently described archaeal class within the Euryarchaeota.While it is widely distributed in sediment ecosystems,little is known about its metabolic potential and ecological features.Here,we used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to characterize 12 theionarchaeal metagenome-assembled genomes,which were further divided into two subgroups,from coastal mangrove sediments of China and seawater columns of the Yap Trench.Genomic analysis revealed that apart from the canonical sulfhydrogenase,Theionarchaea harbor genes encoding heliorhodopsin,group 4[NiFe]-hydrogenase,and flagellin,in which genes for heliorhodopsin and group 4[NiFe]-hydrogenase were transcribed in mangrove sediment.Further,the theionarchaeal substrate spectrum may be broader than previously reported as revealed by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics,and the potential carbon substrates include detrital proteins,hemicellulose,ethanol,and CO_(2).The genes for organic substrate metabolism(mainly detrital protein and amino acid metabolism genes)have relatively higher transcripts in the top sediment layers in mangrove wetlands.In addition,co-occurrence analysis suggested that the degradation of these organic compounds by Theionarchaea might be processed in syntrophy with fermenters(e.g.,Chloroflexi)and methanogens.Collectively,these observations expand the current knowledge of the metabolic potential of Theionarchaea,and shed light on the metabolic strategies and roles of these archaea in the marine ecosystems.
