Solubility of CO_(2) in nonaqueous system of 2-(butylamino)ethanol with 2-butoxyethanol:Experimental data and model representation

Nonaqueous amine-based system is an attractive solution to overcome high-energy-intensive CO_(2) capture process using the conventional aqueous amines.Advanced nonaqueous absorbent of 2-(butylamino)ethanol(BAE)with 2-butoxyethanol(2-BE)has been recently proposed for low-energyconsumption CO_(2) capture.In this work,Henry’s law constants of CO_(2) in the BAE/2-BE blend were obtained by N_(2)O/CO_(2) analogy,and correlated in the temperature range of(283–333)K.Vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE)data for the BAE+CO_(2)+2-BE system at 65.4%(mass)BAE were also determined in a stirred equilibrium cell at temperatures of(313–393)K and CO_(2) partial pressures up to 275 kPa.A single apparent equilibrium constant KCO_(2);app was proposed for this system and correlated as a function of temperature,carbonated degree of amine and CO_(2) loading.Solubility data were well represented by the modified Kent-Eisenberg model with an average absolute relative deviation(AARD)of 13%.

Synthesis and Density Functional Theory(DFT) Calculation of Haptens for PAHs

Five PAHs haptens 3 a～3 e were synthesized from naphthalene, anthracene, chrysene, pyrene and acenaphthene via two steps including Friedel-Crafts acylation and WolffKishner-Huang reduction. The sixth hapten 4-(acenaphthylen-3-yl)butanoic acid(3 f) was prepared from hapten 3 e via three steps including esterification, bromination and elimination. Their structures were confirmed by melting point, ~1H NMR and ^(13)C NMR. Their optical properties and crystal structures were also investigated. The results of density functional theory(DFT) calculation provided the supports that the size, shape(geometry) and electronic properties at the corresponding parts of 3 a～3 f did not change significantly, compared to those of PAHs. The haptens 3 a～3 f were coupled with bovine serum albumin(BSA) to make antigens. The coupling ratios were 1:20～1:38. These results show that the haptens could be used to induce specific antibodies for PAHs.

Effects of Siqi Decoction on Concentration of Nitric Oxide and Activity of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Blood Serum of Rats with Myocardial Ischemia

To study the effects of Siqi decoction on rats with Myocardial Ischemia, the model of Myocardium Ischemia was made for the Wistar rats cured with posterior pituitary injection through vein in tail. Siqi decoction, Diaoxinxuekang（DK） and Fufangdanshenpian（FD）, the latter two drugs of which were effective TCM drugs of anti-Myocardial Ischemia at present, were administrated to the rats with Myocardium Ischemia for 5 days to compare the effect of anti-Myocardium Ischemia as reference drugs by measuring the changes of NO concentration and activity of NOS in the rat blood serum with Myocardial Ischemia. There was a remarkable increase in the NO concentration and activity of NOS in serum in Siqi decoction groups compared with those in control group（p〈0.05）. The results of the prevention group in experiment of Siqi decoction are better than those of the cure group. Siqi decoction was really fit for Myocardium Ischemia via increasing NO concentration by stimulating the activity of NOS in serum. The effect of Siqi decoction against Myocardium Ischemia in preventive group is better than the curative that of Siqi decoction in the curative group.

Design and synthesis of polyoxovanadate-based framework for efficient dye degradation

A new polyoxovanadate-based framework material[Cu(en)_(2)]_(4)V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)·6H_(2)O(1)was designed and synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of NaVO_(3),Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O and 1,2-diaminoethane(en)via carefully adjusting the pH value of the reaction system.The structure of the title compound has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,infrared spectra and elemental analysis.Detail structural analysis demonstrate the three-dimensional(3D)framework structure of compound 1,which was composed of the[V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)]_(8)−({V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)})anions linked by the Cu^(2+)cations.Compound 1 represents the fi rst 3D framework based on{V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)}polyoxoanions and copper complexes.Solar-driven degradation of residual organic pollutants in industrial wastewater is still a major problem for human beings.Photocatalytic experiments reveal that compound 1 possesses of excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B.

Regulation of Content of Malondialdehyde by Siqi Decoction via Increasing Activity of Superoxide Dismutase in Blood Serum of Rats with Myocardial Ischemia

Effect of Siqi decoction on myocardial ischemia is to prevent cardiac myocyte membrane from damage associated with oxygen free radicals related to NO. To research the regulatoin of the content of malondialdehyde by Siqi decoction, an index of lipid peroxidation, via increasing activity of superoxide dismutase in blood serum of rats with Myocardial Ischemia, the model of myocardium ischemia was made in Wistar rats with posterior pituitary injection through vein in tail. Siqi decoction, Diaoxinxuekang（DK） and Fufangdanshenpian（FD）, the latter two drugs of which are effective TCM drugs of anti-myocardial ischemia at present, were administrated to the rats with myocardium ischemia for 5 days to compare the effect of them on myocardium ischemia as reference drugs via measuring the changes of the content of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase in the rat blood serum with myocardial ischemia. There were a remarkable increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and a decrease in the content of malondialdehyde in the serum of the rats administered Siqi decoction compared with those of the rats in control group, p〈0.05. The contents of MDA in the serum of the prevention group rats in the experiments are lower than those of the cure group rats. Anti-Myocardium Ischemia mechanism of Siqi decoction is the regulation of the content of malondialdehyde via increasing activity of superoxide dismutase in the serum of Rats with myocardial ischemia and stimulating the activity of NOS in serum so as to increase NO concentration.

Regulating Effect of Allicin(Diallyldisulfid-S-Oxide) on Respiration Function of Mitochondria from Beef Heart

To probe into regulating functions of allicin, diallyldisulfid-S-oxide, on electron transport in the inner membrane of mitochondria isolated from beef heart, under the anaerobic, hypoxia, and oxygenating conditions in the presence of rotenone（complex I inhibitor） at 37 ℃, we optimized the isolation method for isolating mitochondria from beef heart and used the technique for measuring dissolved oxygen content at the right moment so as to investigate the effects of allicin on the respiratory control of mitochondria in state 4 and state 3, P/O ratio, and respiratory control ratio（RCR）. The results show that the optimized isolated requirements were that all the operations were always kept at 0-4 ℃, the ratio between sample and isolation medium was 1：4, the filter was a four-layer gauze, two centrifugations in different sections. First section： 2500g, 10 min; second section 7000g, 20 min. The results indicate that the capacity of dissolved oxygen in state 3 was increased and that of dissolved oxygen in state 4 was almost stabilized in mitochondria from beef heart.

CO_2 absorption into a phase change absorbent: Water-lean potassium prolinate/ethanol solution

Phase change solvents are attractive energy-efficient absorbents for carbon dioxide(CO_2) capture due to CO_2-rich phase formation. Potassium prolinate + water + ethanol(ProK/W/Eth) solution has shown good capture characteristics as a promising one in our previous work. In this work, absorption rate of CO_2, solubility of N2 O,and heat of absorption for ProK/W/Eth solution were investigated using a stirred cell reactor and a CPA201 reaction calorimeter and these results were also compared with the aqueous ProK and 30 mass% MEA solutions.Using ethanol as a solvent can substantially increase the CO_2 physical solubility and the absorption rate of CO_2 in ProK/W/Eth solutions is far higher than that in aqueous 30 mass% MEA solutions especially at a low CO_2 loading range. Solid precipitation, obtained from the liquid-to-solid phase change absorption, was analyzed by13 C NMR and DSC-TGA. The enthalpy change for ProK/W/Eth solutions at various CO_2 loading was also discussed.

Mass transfer correlations for membrane gas-solvent contactors undergoing carbon dioxide desorption

Membrane gas-solvent contactors are a hybrid technology combining solvent absorption with membrane gas separation, which demonstrates potential for CO_2 capture through the ability of the membrane to rigidly control the mass transfer area. Membrane contactors have been successfully demonstrated for CO_2 absorption, and there is strong research interest in using membrane contactors for the complimentary CO_2 desorption process to regenerate the solvent. However, understanding and modelling the various stages of mass transfer in the desorption process is less well-known, given the existing mass transfer correlations had been developed from absorption experiments. Hence, mass transfer correlations for membrane contactors are reviewed here, and their appropriateness for desorption analysed. This is achieved through simulating CO_2 desorption through a membrane contactor from loaded 30 wt% monoethanolamine solvent to enable comparison of the correlations. It was found that the most cited correlations by Yang and Cussler were valid for shell side parallel flow, while that of Kreith and Black was viable for shell side cross flow. A limitation of all of these correlations is that they assume single phase flow on both sides of the membrane; however, the high temperature of CO_2 desorption can lead to partial solvent vaporisation and hence two phases present on one side of the membrane contactor during desorption. A mass transfer correlation is established here for two phase parallel flow on the shell side of a membrane contactor, based on experimental results for three composite and one asymmetric hollow fibre membrane contactors stripping CO_2 from loaded MEA at 105–108 °C. This correlation is comparable to that reported in the literature for mass transfer in other two phase systems, but differs from the standard format for membrane contactors in terms of the exponent on the dimensionless Schmidt and Reynolds numbers.

N-烷基-N-甲基咪唑系列离子液体中ZSM-5分子筛催化环己烷氧化反应(英文)

Heterogeneous oxidation of cyclohexane by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was carried out over ZSM-5 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios in ionic liquids and organic molecular solvents. Higher yield and selec-tivity of the desired products were found in ionic liquids than in molecular solvents. The conversion of cyclohexane exhibits a decrease from 15.8% to 10.8% with the increase of Si/Al ratio of the HZSM-5 catalyst, and all the cata-lysts exhibit good selectivity of monofunctional oxidation products at around 97%. The activity of catalyst is found strongly dependent on the alkyl chain length of ionic liquid.

Component regulation in novel La-Co-O-C composite catalyst for boosted redox reactions and enhanced thermal stability in methane combustion

A novel La-Co-O-C (LC-C) composites were prepared via a facile co-hydrothermal route with oxides and glycerol and further optimized for methane catalytic activity and thermal stability via component regulation.It was demonstrated that Co3O_(4)phase was the main component in regulation.The combined results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),temperature-programmed desorption of oxygen (O_(2)-TPD),temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H_(2)-TPR),temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia/carbon dioxide (NH_(3)/CO_(2)-TPD) revealed that component regulation led to more oxygen vacancies and exposure of surface Co_(2)+,lower surface basicity and optimized acidity,which were beneficial for adsorption of active oxygen species and activation of methane molecules,resulting in the excellent catalytic oxidation performance.Especially,the (3.5)LC-C (3.5 is Co-to-La molar ratio) showed the optimum activity and the T50and T90(the temperature at which the CH_(4)conversion rate was 50%and 90%,respectively) were 318 and 367℃,respectively.Using theoretical calculations and in situ diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy characterization,it was also found that the catalytic mechanism changes from the “Rideal-Eley” mechanism to the “Two-term” mechanism depending on the temperature windows in which the reaction takes place.Besides,the use of the “Flynn-Wall-Ozawa” model in thermoanalytical kinetics revealed that component regulation simultaneously optimized the decomposition activation energy,further expanding the application scope of carboncontaining composites.

Reactivity of Schiff Base Manganese（Ill） Complexes with Different Pendants toward the Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl Picolinate

This paper describes the catalytic performance of two manganese（III） complexes with mono-Schiff base ligands as artificial hydrolases towards the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl picolinate （PNPP）. Observations reveal that the one complex （ MnL22C1 ） containing morpholine pendants exhibits 1.2-1.7 fold kinetic advantage over the other one （MnL12C1） containing benzoaza-15-crown-5 group. Especially, optimum molecule structures using a Gaussian 03 software confirm that MnL2CI indeed possesses a relatively open linked site for the approaching of PNPP, result- ing in higher efficiency due to a convenient association between substrate （PNPP） and MnL2C1. In addition, the steric hindrance of two pendants, i.e., benzoaza-15-crown-5 and morpholine, may be a main influencing factor for tuning catalytic activities of the synthesized Mn（III） catalysts. Both Mn（III） catalysts used here were found to have fine tolerance to the operated temperature and pH. Related kinetic and thermodynamic analyses were also given to demonstrate their structure-activity relationships （SAR） of both catalysts used.

Bimetallic sulfide FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) as high-performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries

A novel hierarchical structure of bimetal sulfide FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) with the 1D/2D heterostructure was developed for high-performance sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).The FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) was synthesized through a hydrothermal reaction and a sulphuration process.The exquisite 1D/2D heterostructure is featured with 2D SnS_(2) nanoflakes anchoring on the 1D FeS2 nanorod.This well-designed FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) provides shortened ion diffusion pathway and adequate surface area,which facilitates the Na+transport and capacitive Na+storage.Besides,the FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) integrates the 1D/2D synthetic structural advantages and synthetic hybrid active material.Consequently,the FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) anode exhibits high initial specific capacity of 765.5 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1) and outstanding reversibility(506.0 mAh·g^(-1) at 1 A·g^(-1) after 200 cycles,262.5 mAh·g^(-1) at 5 A·g^(-1) after 1400 cycles).Moreover,the kinetic analysis reveals that the FeS_(2)@SnS_(2) anode displays significant capacitive behavior which boosts the rate capacity.