Impact of climate change and human activities on the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province, China

Understanding the dynamics of surface water area and their drivers is crucial for human survival and ecosystem stability in inland arid and semi-arid areas.This study took Gansu Province,China,a typical area with complex terrain and variable climate,as the research subject.Based on Google Earth Engine,we used Landsat data and the Open-surface Water Detection Method with Enhanced Impurity Control method to monitor the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province from 1985 to 2022,and quantitatively analyzed the main causes of regional differences in surface water area.The findings revealed that surface water area in Gansu Province expanded by 406.88 km2 from 1985 to 2022.Seasonal surface water area exhibited significant fluctuations,while permanent surface water area showed a steady increase.Notably,terrestrial water storage exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,correlated with the dynamics of surface water area.Climate change and human activities jointly affected surface hydrological processes,with the impact of climate change being slightly higher than that of human activities.Spatially,climate change affected the'source'of surface water to a greater extent,while human activities tended to affect the'destination'of surface water.Challenges of surface water resources faced by inland arid and semi-arid areas like Gansu Province are multifaceted.Therefore,we summarized the surface hydrology patterns typical in inland arid and semi-arid areas and tailored surface water'supply-demand'balance strategies.The study not only sheds light on the dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province,but also offers valuable insights for ecological protection and surface water resource management in inland arid and semi-arid areas facing water scarcity.

Investigation on the Integration of “Gao” in Hong Kong Chinese and Mainland Mandarin

From the diachronic dimension,this paper makes a two-way interactive investigation on the integration of Hong Kong Chinese and Mainland Mandarin.“Gao”is a delexical verb in contemporary Chinese.In different words and expressions related to“gao”character,there are mutual absorptions between Chinese mainland and Hong Kong,which is characterized by starting from nothing to something and from less to more.

Yuan Ke and Chinese Mythology

Yuan Ke shifted his focus from early literary creation to mythological research,gradually developing a distinctive approach to mythology research,which involves examining the correlation between mythology and literature.Yuan Ke is one of the most exceptional scholars who has made significant contributions to the popularity and promotion of Chinese mythology.He has collected,sorted out,and transformed related materials into stories to facilitate the systematic development of Chinese mythology.Moreover,he proposed and constructed a broad mythology theory,making him a leading figure in contemporary Chinese mythology research.Upon reflecting on the development of Chinese mythology,it is evident that Yuan Ke has progressed from a learner to a trailblazer and finally to the architect of his own comprehensive mythological framework.

Early Practice of Chinese Europeanized Grammar-Take the Plural of the First-Person Pronoun in The Pilgrim’s Progress in Mandarin as an Example

The Pilgrim’s Progress in Mandarin translated by the British missionary William Chalmers Burns in the 1860s is regarded as one of the typical representatives of the early Europeanized vernacular texts.Compared with the ancient vernacular,the frequency of the inclusive usage of“wǒmen”has increased significantly,which is directly influenced by the plural usage of first-person pronoun in English.Tracking back the origin of Chinese Europeanized grammar is an important part of the study of modern Chinese grammar,which not only is helpful to have a clear understanding of the characteristic of Europeanized grammar in the pre-development stage of modern Chinese,but also can lay a certain foundation for the comparative study of Europeanized grammar in different periods.In addition,this study can also provide linguistic basis for investigating the influence of western missionaries’Chinese translation on the formation of new literature.

Analysis of“Teaching”and“Learning”in Interdisciplinary Learning

After the release of the new curriculum plan,interdisciplinary learning has emerged as a pivotal aspect of curriculum reform in compulsory education.This shift has necessitated a corresponding reform in the teaching and learning methods of fundamental education courses.The implementation of interdisciplinary learning has consequently become a pressing challenge in educational practice.To successfully execute interdisciplinary learning,several key preparations are imperative.Firstly,educators must recognize the significance of interdisciplinary teaching.Secondly,they should clearly understand that the essence of interdisciplinary learning lies in the enhancement of students’core qualities.Thirdly,teachers need to prioritize their professional development,cultivating a robust understanding of interdisciplinary knowledge and bolstering their proficiency in interdisciplinary teaching.Lastly,students themselves must foster a diverse range of interests,cultivate high-level thinking abilities,and develop effective learning habits across multiple fields.

Functional Differentiation of “Guāngróng “ and “Róngguāng” in Contemporary Chinese

“Guāngróng“and“róngguāng”are a pair of inverse morphemes words in Chinese.Though once had same meaning,in contemporary Chinese they are in a process of functional differentiation.Now,“guāngróng”are mainly declarative,while“róngguāng”are mainly referential.Motivations of this changeare the enrichment of expressions and the refinement of functions.

Comparison of Mythological Motifs between Chinese and Western Meteorological Films

Meteorological films generally refer to those that suffer from the influence of natural disasters including meteorological factors,resulting in great violence and casualties.Meteorological disaster films contain a large number of traditional mythological motifs.The meteorological mythology composed of Chinese and Western meteorological mythological motifs is the"meta story"model of modern meteorological films,which establishes the logical starting point of its dissemination.Meanwhile,as a cultural resource,meteorological mythology has also completed the creative transformation in modern times.If the differences between Chinese and Western meteorological films on the motif from the perspective of mythology is compared,it can explore the collective memory and cultural genes of different nations from the original civilization.The motif of punishment in Western meteorological films comes from the collective unconsciousness of human fear of disaster and the collective values of deep deity worship;the motif of disaster management in Chinese meteorological films comes from the realistic tradition of resisting nature and the moralization of myth,which will be a good perspective for comparative study of Chinese and Western meteorological films bearing Chinese and Western cultures.

An Investigation of the Semantic Prosody of Synonyms--The Case of“Weichi(维持)”and“Baochi(保持)”in Chinese

In order to better apply the semantic prosody theory to distinguish synonyms,this article chooses to use analysis software and corpus to specifically compare and analyze the difference between“weichi(维持)”and“baochi(保持)”.Although both“weichi(维持)”and“baochi(保持)”show neutral colors in the dictionary,through analysis of collocation words,it is found that“baochi(保持)”is often matched with positively colored words,so it has positive semantic characteristics,while“weichi(维持)”is more neutral and negative semantic prosody characteristics,and in the diachronic and synchronic word frequency survey,the word frequency of“baochi(保持)”is higher than that of“weichi(维持)”.

Layers of the Determiner Phrase in Mandarin Chinese

There are three probabilities to claim that Mandarin Chinese has multiple Determiner Phrase （DP） structures： （1） Simpson （2001） takes “de” in nominal phrase as the head of the structure： “Zhangsan de shu” is a DP and “de” is the head D. In this theory, when “de” and demonstratives like “this/that” appear in the same structure, there is going to be a multiple DP structure. （2） Huang, Li ＆ Li （2008） take both pronouns and demonstratives as the heads of the appositive structures like “tamen zhe sange haizi”. In this opinion, Mandarin Chinese has Split-D structures like Italian, Hungarian and Greek. （3） It seems that a Mandarin DP could have double heads D when two determiners both appear in the same structure. In “renhe zhe lei wenti”, the determiners “renhe” and “zhe” both appear. The structure is going to be analyzed as a multiple DP or a Split-D structure. However, the paper proves that Mandarin Chinese has no multiple DP structures, not like Italian, Hungarian or Greek.

Research on the Use of Network Language in Chinese Government Microblogs

The emergence of government microblog not only widens the channels for the people to participate in politics,but also is of great significance for the government to understand public opinion and promote the process of political democratization.In recent years,the frequency of network language in Chinese government microblog has gradually increased.Taking the“Beijing release”official microblog as an example,this paper discusses the characteristics of network language,and puts forward some suggestions on the use of network language in government microblog:in terms of syllables,network language below three syllables should be selected to meet the requirements of short length of government microblog;In terms of part of speech,network terms such as nouns,verbs and adjectives can express emotional attitude and value judgment;In terms of emotion and style,emotional attitude forms such as intimacy,love and respect are selected.In addition,the norms of network language in government microblog can not be generalized.We should not only pay attention to the expression effect,but also set foot in multiple disciplines and fields.

A Contrastive Study of the Semantic Prosody of Degree Adverbs——The Case of“Ting(挺)”and“Guai(怪)”in Chinese

If the collocation of a word creates a semantic atmosphere in the context,it will infect the word,so that it has a certain semantic prosody.Based on corpus,this paper chooses ting(挺)and guai(怪)as a case study.This study combines description and interpretation,qualitative and quantitative analysis,and uses semantic prosody theory and related software technology to make a contrastive analysis of semantic prosody of degree adverbs ting(挺)and guai(怪)from synchronic and diachronic perspectives.We find that the semantic prosodies of ting(挺)and guai(怪)belong to positive prosody and negative prosody respectively,which are related to grammaticalization.

A Virgin Land to be Cultivated:On the Aesthetics of Folk Literature and Art

In terms of the aesthetic of folk literature and art,most researchers explain it drawing on general aesthetic theory,but pay less attention to the specific context and logic of individual cases.Folk aesthetics is deeply rooted in folk life,including local nature,village culture,farming life and folk belief.These folklore factors constitute the“local logic”,which regulates and influences folk aesthetic culture.The hidden“grammar”must be found in the folk life of the masses with a view to explaining the“essence”of folk aesthetics effectively.The concept of folk literature and art is understood in two different ways:One interprets it as“study of art and literature of folks”,regarding folk as a modifier of study of art and literature.Folk literature and art is regarded as the research object and the discipline is defined according to literary standard.This concept is from the perspective of literary studies,emphasizing that“folk literature and art is a special study of literature and art”.The other interprets it as“study of folk literature and art”,treating literature and art among the folks as the research object and defining the discipline in accordance with cultural standard.This concept is from the perspective of cultural studies.

The Connotations and Translations of Words In English and Chinese——Illustrated by the examples of “peach” and “moon”

The thesis is about the connotations and translations in English and Chinese Languages.And the words"peach"and"moon"are mainly discussed.The former part focuses on the diversities between these two languages and the latter,similarities.And translations are discussed according to different cases.The sources of examples related to the topic were English versions byprofessor Xu Yuanchong,works of the ancient Chinese literary and Center for Chinese Linguistics PKU.

Hybrid Neural Network for Automatic Recovery of Elliptical Chinese Quantity Noun Phrases

In Mandarin Chinese,when the noun head appears in the context,a quantity noun phrase can be reduced to a quantity phrase with the noun head omitted.This phrase structure is called elliptical quantity noun phrase.The automatic recovery of elliptical quantity noun phrase is crucial in syntactic parsing,semantic representation and other downstream tasks.In this paper,we propose a hybrid neural network model to identify the semantic category for elliptical quantity noun phrases and realize the recovery of omitted semantics by supplementing concept categories.Firstly,we use BERT to generate character-level vectors.Secondly,Bi-LSTM is applied to capture the context information of each character and compress the input into the context memory history.Then CNN is utilized to capture the local semantics of n-grams with various granularities.Based on the Chinese Abstract Meaning Representation(CAMR)corpus and Xinhua News Agency corpus,we construct a hand-labeled elliptical quantity noun phrase dataset and carry out the semantic recovery of elliptical quantity noun phrase on this dataset.The experimental results show that our hybrid neural network model can effectively improve the performance of the semantic complement for the elliptical quantity noun phrases.

Simple Remarks of The True Story of Ah Q and Chi Pheo

Ah Q and Chi Pheo are two typical figures created by two writers, Lu Xun of China and Nam Cao of Vietnam Authors use the typical method to create the artistic image which has the distinct individuality and can reflect certain social essence. ＂Ah Q＂ and ＂Chi Pheo＂ though in different nationalities and different age （Ah Q in the modern history stage 1911, Chi Pheo in the modem history of stage 1941）, but both are in the historical stage of the Eastern feudal society. Therefore, it can be considered that Lu Xun and Nam Cao are contemporaries. Besides, these two writers are deeply interested in the subject matter of the underclass farmers, so there are differences between the two typical characters. It is not surprising that the characters of＂Ah Q＂ and ＂Chi Pheo＂ walk from the novel to the screen, from the big screen to every corner of the lives of the people of the two countries, let the past. Present and future people can not forget them. Through the method of portraying characters, readers can further understand Lu Xun and Nam Cao＇s creative art thoughts. The social environment and historical background behind the fate of the characters. This paper attempts to find out the similarities and differences of the writers in portraying the art of the characters. Creative resonance and display of literary exchanges between the two countries

Characterization of Intellectuals in Short Stories ofNam Cao （Viemam） and Lu Xun （China）

Nam Cao and Lu Xun are among high-profile writers who gain wide appreciation. The movements of literary assert this over the latter half of recent century in our country. That reality persistently points us to an urgent need for researches on Nam Cao and Lu Xun. Tints of literary worldviews of Nam Cao and Lu Xun, though upon which numberless research works, both domestic and foreign, have provided multi-directional insights and exploration of artistic creativities, remain misevaluated. B ich Thu, the author of Nam Cao, His Life and Legacies, counted out 191 articles and books themed Nam Cao. They were edited by writers of Nam Cao＇s generation namely Nguyen Huy Tuong, Nguyen Dinh Thi, To Hoai and Nguyen Hong, and even distinguished scholars such as Ha Minh Duc, Phong Le and Nguyen Dang Manh, so on. Regarding Lu Xun, there is no denying the fact of his brilliant artistic ideology. Although Vietnamese readers have gained a late knowledge of him for just a half of century, his name is laid somewhere in the heart of our people, integrally and consistently. Vietnam＇s reader generations restlessly learn about and research on Lu Xun. A pioneering merit badge should be rewarded to the renowned literary critic Dang Thai Mai, for his introduction and translation of Lu Xun to Vietnamese readers since 1943. The most interesting coincidence of Nam Cao and Lu Xun is that their profiles are imbued with the characters in their compositions. Mentioning Lu Xun cannot help a reference to AQ, meanwhile the name ofNam Cao apparently recalls a Philistine Chi. AQ as well as Philistine Chi have become characters of the society＇s spiritual life and long live with the eternal brilliance of their two creators. That coincidence draws countless number of researchers. The ＂matching point＂, referring to the subject of farmers and intellectuals, between Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s works has been explored to some certain extent. This elicitly invites us for deeper studies. The author of this article, in response to such invitation, delves into the subject with respect to characterization of intellectuals in Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s short stories.

Metaphors of Despair and Enlightenment: A Case Study Based on Du Fu's Four Poems on Sick or Withered Trees

In the second year of the Shangyuan period(761),Du Fu wrote a quartet of poems on sick or withered trees.They are“The Sick Cypress,”“The Withered Palms,”“The Sick Orange Tree,”and“The Withered Nanmu Tree.”Different from his previous practice of using trees to embody personal aspirations,the poet employed sick or withered trees to allude social realities.These poems,rich with profound contemplation on individuals,society,and the Tang Dynasty,cover many important topics,such as the poet's bleak future,the decline of people's livelihoods,the immorality of rulers,and even the decline of the Tang Dynasty.These poems reveal his disappointment with the future of his country and his personal ambitions.This disenchantment reflects the pivotal shift in Du Fu's later thoughts,revealing the impetus behind his relinquishment of political aspirations in favor of poetic creation.In this regard,this quartet of poems is the most thought-provoking exploration,with an undeniable value among Du Fu's later works.

Has Chinese always been an analytic language?Effects of writing on language evolution

Chinese is commonly believed to be an analytic language,but evidence from philological works and cross-linguistic comparisons clearly suggests that various morphological operations existed in Old Chinese.The loss of Chinese morphology can be explained by the ideographic nature of Chinese characters:the Chinese language has been evolving in a way that stabilizes the pronunciation of each character.The effects of writing systems on language evolution can be widely observed from world languages,while writing per se has been evolving along the path of phonetization driven mainly by borrowings instead of conscious linguistic analysis.In history,language never picked writing systems based on linguistic features;instead,writing systems affect the evolutionary paths of languages:single signs of a writing system stabilize the basic units of the language.

Prediction of Academic Performance of Students in Online Live Classroom Interactions-An Analysis Using Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Methods

Prior studies have shown the importance of classroom dialogue in academic performance,through which knowledge construction and social interaction among students take place.However,most of them were based on small scale or qualitative data,and few has explored the availability and potential of big data collected from online classrooms.To address this issue,this paper analyzes dialogues in live classrooms of a large online learning platform in China based on natural language processing techniques.The features of interactive types and emotional expression are extracted from classroom dialogues.We then develop neural network models based on these features to predict high-and low-academic performing students,and employ interpretable AI(artificial intelligence)techniques to determine the most important predictors in the prediction models.In both STEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics)and non-STEM courses,it is found that high-performing students consistently exhibit more positive emotion,cognition and off-topic dialogues in all stages of the lesson than low-performing students.However,while the metacognitive dialogue illustrates its importance in non-STEM courses,this effect cannot be found in STEM courses.While high-performing students in non-STEM courses show negative emotion in the last stage of lessons,STEM students show positive emotion.

How to Tell Chinese Stories Effectively in Cross-Culture Communication

A strategy of ＂well telling Chinese stories＂ will support the country＇ s revitalization and national interest and underscore the Chinese dream.To ＂finish building a well-off society in an all-round way,＂ stated at the CPC＇s lOOth anniversary, and to ＂develop China into a socialist modem country＂ from the PRC＇s lOOth anniversary, are central terminology.