The paper deals with two-dimensional (2D) channel estimation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system in slow fading wireless channel. We concentrate on two channel estimation schemes: Least Square ...The paper deals with two-dimensional (2D) channel estimation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system in slow fading wireless channel. We concentrate on two channel estimation schemes: Least Square (LS)+Weighted BiLinear (WBL) and LS+Linear Minimum Mean-Squared Error (LMMSE) where the first method is proposed in this paper. After theory analysis and simulation in Typical Urban (TU) channel, we find that LS+LMMSE achieves the optimal perform-ance by exploiting prior knowledge of channel whereas LS+WBL, without requiring channel knowl-edge and with only half of the computational amount of LS+LMMSE, approaches LS+LMMSE in Bit Error Ratio (BER) performance when the distance of two adjoining pilot symbols along frequency di-rection is sufficiently small. This makes LS+WBL very suitable for wideband wireless applications.展开更多
It is well known that a computationally efficient model for calculation of radiation impedance of an arbitrarily shaped piston has been developed. We simplify the proposed algorithm by using geometric characteristics ...It is well known that a computationally efficient model for calculation of radiation impedance of an arbitrarily shaped piston has been developed. We simplify the proposed algorithm by using geometric characteristics and intrinsic relationship between the analytic expressions. As an example, the method accuracy is illustrated and the radiation impedance of a right-angled triangular piston is calculated. The numerical results are in good agreement with that obtained directly by the quadruple integral method.展开更多
The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces an...The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces and its refractive index distribution on optical imaging is analyzed with the optical design software ZEMAX (Zemax Development Co., San Diego, USA). The result shows that good image quality can be provided by the aspheric lens surfaces or (and) the gradient-index (GRIN) distribution. It has great potential in the design of intraocular lens (IOL). The eye models with an intraocular implantation are presented.展开更多
To gain the tradeoff between lower sidelobe and higher power amplifiers efficiency,a transmitting beam shaping scheme with limited amplitude weight values for satellite active phased array antenna is presented. The sc...To gain the tradeoff between lower sidelobe and higher power amplifiers efficiency,a transmitting beam shaping scheme with limited amplitude weight values for satellite active phased array antenna is presented. The scheme is implemented by a dual coding genetic algorithm(GA). Phase and amplitude of array weight vectors for beam shaping are encoded by real coding and finite length binary coding,respectively,which,maintaining accuracy of results,reduces the amplitude dynamic range and improves the efficiency of power amplifiers. The presented algorithm,compared with complex-coded GA,increases the convergence rate due to the search space's decrease. In order to overcome the prematurity and obtain better global optimization or quasi-global optimization,a new dual coding GA based on "species diversity retention" strategy and adaptive crossover and mutation probability are presented.展开更多
In order to address spectrum resource scarcity in traditional cellular networks,television(TV)white space is considered as a potential solution to offload a portion of network traffic and enlarge network capacity.This...In order to address spectrum resource scarcity in traditional cellular networks,television(TV)white space is considered as a potential solution to offload a portion of network traffic and enlarge network capacity.This paper describes a cognitive cellular network which allocates low geometry users to the TV white space based on a proportional fair criterion.An uplink user allocation scheme is proposed and the validity of the proposed scheme is established by simulation of the cellular network usage in conjunction with the TV white space.The simulation results show clear improvements in both the user and the system performance with the cognitive coexistent cellular network compared with the traditional cellular network,and that the performance of the proposed user allocation scheme is superior to other user allocation schemes.展开更多
For infrared focal plane graded during signal acquisition array sensors, imagery is departicularly nonuniformity. In this paper, an adaptive nonuniformity correction technique is proposed which simultaneously estimate...For infrared focal plane graded during signal acquisition array sensors, imagery is departicularly nonuniformity. In this paper, an adaptive nonuniformity correction technique is proposed which simultaneously estimates detector-level and readout- channel-level correction parameters using neural network approaches. Firstly, an improved neural network framework is designed to compute the desired output. Secondly, an adaptive learning rate rule is used in the gain and offset parameter estimation process. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can achieve a faster convergence speed and better stability, remove nonuniformity and track parameters drift effectively, and present a good adaptability to scene changes and nonuniformity conditions.展开更多
A method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed for accurately detecting the time varying pitch of speech in tonal languages. Unlike frame-, event-, or subspace-based pitch detectors, the ti...A method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed for accurately detecting the time varying pitch of speech in tonal languages. Unlike frame-, event-, or subspace-based pitch detectors, the time varying information of pitch within the short duration, which is of crucial importance in speech processing of tonal languages, can be accurately extracted. The Chinese Linguistic Data Consortium (CLDC) database for Mandarin Chinese was employed as standard speech data for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the method. It is shown that the proposed method provides more accurate and reliable results, particularly in estimating the tones of non-monotonically varying pitches like the third one in Mandarin Chinese. Also, it is shown that the new method has strong resistance to noise disturbance.展开更多
The fundus camera used in imaging retina includes two parts: fundus imaging path with a positive focusing lens and annular Kohler illuminating path. We present a pupil joint equation and a focus equation based on the...The fundus camera used in imaging retina includes two parts: fundus imaging path with a positive focusing lens and annular Kohler illuminating path. We present a pupil joint equation and a focus equation based on the internal focusing manner to analyze its configuration. Using these equations, the configuration of the camera is given in detail. The design result of the fundus imaging path shows compact initial configuration at a total length of about 123 mm. The focusing range is -10-10 diopter, and the movement of the focusing lens is nearly linear at displacement of more than a sub-millimeter per diopter.展开更多
Scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction (NUC) is currently being applied to achieve higher performance in infrared imaging systems. However, almost all scene-based NUC algorithms cause the production of ghosti...Scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction (NUC) is currently being applied to achieve higher performance in infrared imaging systems. However, almost all scene-based NUC algorithms cause the production of ghosting artifacts over output images. Based on constant-statistics theory, we propose a novel threshold self-adaptive ghosting reduction algorithm to improve the space low-pass and temporal high-pass (SLP- THP) NUC technique. The correction parameters of the previous frame are regarded as thresholds to compute new correction parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain a satisfactory performance in reducing unwanted ghosting artifacts.展开更多
Under the approximations of (1) the received irradiance fluctuations of an optical wave caused by small scale turbulent eddies are multiplicatively modulated by the fluctuations caused by large scale turbulent eddies;...Under the approximations of (1) the received irradiance fluctuations of an optical wave caused by small scale turbulent eddies are multiplicatively modulated by the fluctuations caused by large scale turbulent eddies; (2) the scintillations caused by small- and large-scale eddies, respectively, are statistically independent; (3) the Rytov method for optical scintillation collected by the finite-diameter receiving aperture is valid for light wave propagation under weak to saturation fluctuation regime, we develop the applicable aperture-averaging analytic formulas in the week-to-strong-fluctuation for the scintillations of plane and spherical waves, which include the outer- and inner-scale rules of turbulence.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 60496311).
文摘The paper deals with two-dimensional (2D) channel estimation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system in slow fading wireless channel. We concentrate on two channel estimation schemes: Least Square (LS)+Weighted BiLinear (WBL) and LS+Linear Minimum Mean-Squared Error (LMMSE) where the first method is proposed in this paper. After theory analysis and simulation in Typical Urban (TU) channel, we find that LS+LMMSE achieves the optimal perform-ance by exploiting prior knowledge of channel whereas LS+WBL, without requiring channel knowl-edge and with only half of the computational amount of LS+LMMSE, approaches LS+LMMSE in Bit Error Ratio (BER) performance when the distance of two adjoining pilot symbols along frequency di-rection is sufficiently small. This makes LS+WBL very suitable for wideband wireless applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10474115.
文摘It is well known that a computationally efficient model for calculation of radiation impedance of an arbitrarily shaped piston has been developed. We simplify the proposed algorithm by using geometric characteristics and intrinsic relationship between the analytic expressions. As an example, the method accuracy is illustrated and the radiation impedance of a right-angled triangular piston is calculated. The numerical results are in good agreement with that obtained directly by the quadruple integral method.
基金the National Na-ture Science Foundation of China (No.60678048)the Nature Science Foundations of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2007207 and BS2007061).
文摘The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces and its refractive index distribution on optical imaging is analyzed with the optical design software ZEMAX (Zemax Development Co., San Diego, USA). The result shows that good image quality can be provided by the aspheric lens surfaces or (and) the gradient-index (GRIN) distribution. It has great potential in the design of intraocular lens (IOL). The eye models with an intraocular implantation are presented.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60572095)Research Foundation for Doctors of ZZULI
文摘To gain the tradeoff between lower sidelobe and higher power amplifiers efficiency,a transmitting beam shaping scheme with limited amplitude weight values for satellite active phased array antenna is presented. The scheme is implemented by a dual coding genetic algorithm(GA). Phase and amplitude of array weight vectors for beam shaping are encoded by real coding and finite length binary coding,respectively,which,maintaining accuracy of results,reduces the amplitude dynamic range and improves the efficiency of power amplifiers. The presented algorithm,compared with complex-coded GA,increases the convergence rate due to the search space's decrease. In order to overcome the prematurity and obtain better global optimization or quasi-global optimization,a new dual coding GA based on "species diversity retention" strategy and adaptive crossover and mutation probability are presented.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China (No. 2007AA01Z268), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60702028)and the Starting Ftmd for Science Research of NJUST (AIM1947).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61271230)the Starting Fund for Science Research of NJIT(No.YKJ201205)the Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory(No.2013D02)
文摘In order to address spectrum resource scarcity in traditional cellular networks,television(TV)white space is considered as a potential solution to offload a portion of network traffic and enlarge network capacity.This paper describes a cognitive cellular network which allocates low geometry users to the TV white space based on a proportional fair criterion.An uplink user allocation scheme is proposed and the validity of the proposed scheme is established by simulation of the cellular network usage in conjunction with the TV white space.The simulation results show clear improvements in both the user and the system performance with the cognitive coexistent cellular network compared with the traditional cellular network,and that the performance of the proposed user allocation scheme is superior to other user allocation schemes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61101199)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (K2011699)the Colleges and Universities Innovation Projects (CX08B 045Z)
文摘For infrared focal plane graded during signal acquisition array sensors, imagery is departicularly nonuniformity. In this paper, an adaptive nonuniformity correction technique is proposed which simultaneously estimates detector-level and readout- channel-level correction parameters using neural network approaches. Firstly, an improved neural network framework is designed to compute the desired output. Secondly, an adaptive learning rate rule is used in the gain and offset parameter estimation process. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can achieve a faster convergence speed and better stability, remove nonuniformity and track parameters drift effectively, and present a good adaptability to scene changes and nonuniformity conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10574070)the State Key Laboratory Foundation of China (No. 9140C240207060C24)
文摘A method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is proposed for accurately detecting the time varying pitch of speech in tonal languages. Unlike frame-, event-, or subspace-based pitch detectors, the time varying information of pitch within the short duration, which is of crucial importance in speech processing of tonal languages, can be accurately extracted. The Chinese Linguistic Data Consortium (CLDC) database for Mandarin Chinese was employed as standard speech data for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the method. It is shown that the proposed method provides more accurate and reliable results, particularly in estimating the tones of non-monotonically varying pitches like the third one in Mandarin Chinese. Also, it is shown that the new method has strong resistance to noise disturbance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60977008 and 60678048)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK2007207 and BS2007061)the "Six Elites Peak" of Jiangsu Province
文摘The fundus camera used in imaging retina includes two parts: fundus imaging path with a positive focusing lens and annular Kohler illuminating path. We present a pupil joint equation and a focus equation based on the internal focusing manner to analyze its configuration. Using these equations, the configuration of the camera is given in detail. The design result of the fundus imaging path shows compact initial configuration at a total length of about 123 mm. The focusing range is -10-10 diopter, and the movement of the focusing lens is nearly linear at displacement of more than a sub-millimeter per diopter.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation of China (No.BK2008049)the Colleges and Universities Innovation Projects (No.CX08B 045Z)the Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NUST) Research Funding (No. 2010ZDJH12)
文摘Scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction (NUC) is currently being applied to achieve higher performance in infrared imaging systems. However, almost all scene-based NUC algorithms cause the production of ghosting artifacts over output images. Based on constant-statistics theory, we propose a novel threshold self-adaptive ghosting reduction algorithm to improve the space low-pass and temporal high-pass (SLP- THP) NUC technique. The correction parameters of the previous frame are regarded as thresholds to compute new correction parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain a satisfactory performance in reducing unwanted ghosting artifacts.
基金This work was supported by the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education under Grant No. 01091. Y. Zhang's e-mail address is zyxlxy30@hotmail.com.
文摘Under the approximations of (1) the received irradiance fluctuations of an optical wave caused by small scale turbulent eddies are multiplicatively modulated by the fluctuations caused by large scale turbulent eddies; (2) the scintillations caused by small- and large-scale eddies, respectively, are statistically independent; (3) the Rytov method for optical scintillation collected by the finite-diameter receiving aperture is valid for light wave propagation under weak to saturation fluctuation regime, we develop the applicable aperture-averaging analytic formulas in the week-to-strong-fluctuation for the scintillations of plane and spherical waves, which include the outer- and inner-scale rules of turbulence.