Learning Effect and Productivity Convergence of Chinese Industrial Enterprises

The main purpose of this paper is to test the production efficiency of different Chinese property industrial enterprises.Based on the large sample panel data of industrial enterprises of the National Bureau of Statistics,we found that although the production efficiency of China-funded enterprises is generally weaker than foreign-funded enterprises,some China-funded enterprises have better learning ability.On the one hand,dynamic analysis found that private enterprises have significant learning ability.On the other hand,the results of convergence analysis show that China’s private enterprises have the potential to gradually catch up with the frontier level of world production efficiency and have better learning ability to catch up potential.And state-owned enterprises tend to be more efficient at the beginning of their establishment,but their productivity is fairly slow to improve,especially for state-owned enterprises with high efficiency sub-samples,so that it’s hard for them to continue improving their efficiency.Institutional analysis found that the marketization process helped the China enterprises to improve their learning ability and China should continue to strengthen the reform of property rights and promote the marketization process.

中国城市知识创新职能空间分异及其影响因素

Knowledge innovation is a key component of urban innovation function and an important basis for modern urban development. Combining the multidisciplinary research of knowledge innovation, this paper constructs a measurement framework of urban knowledge innovation function from the perspective of urban geography and analyzes its spatial pattern and influencing factors. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The function of urban knowledge innovation refers to the tasks and roles it undertakes in the process of knowledge creation, knowledge dissemination and knowledge application, which is based on the internal knowledge stock and external practice conditions to meet the needs of human survival and development in the new era. The measurement dimensions include functional scale, functional intensity, functional scale, and functional vitality.(2) The development level of knowledge innovation functions in Chinese cities is uneven, and the cities with outstanding knowledge innovation functions are mainly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and a few developed areas in the central and western regions, forming the diamond-shaped knowledge innovation structure with the Beijing-Tianjin, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Shaanxi-Chengdu-Chongqing as the four vertices and central Wuhan and Hefei as the center. According to the Jenks natural breakpoint method, it is divided into national-level, regional-level, local-level and knowledge-innovative development cities.(3) The spatial differentiation characteristics of urban knowledge innovation function are simultaneously affected by various natural and human factors. Among them, economic environment, opening environment, and cultural environment have the strongest interactive explanatory power with other factors, and are the dominant factors affecting the city’s knowledge innovation function. In the future, China should fully considers the status and characteristics of the city’s own knowledge economy development with corresponding policies and measures suitable for the development of the city’s knowledge economy, and strengthen the dominant position of human and social factors in the constructing the city’s knowledge innovation function.

中国跨国城际技术通道的空间演化

Patent transfer has been regarded as an important channel for the nations and regions to acquire external technology,and also a direct research object to depict the relationship between supply and demand of technology flow.Therefore,based on traceable patent transfer data,this article has established a dual-pipeline theoretical framework of transnational-domestic technology transfer from the interaction of the global and local(glocal)perspective,and combines social networks,GIS spatial analysis as well as spatial econometric model to discover the spatial evolution of China’s transnational technology channels and its determinant factors.It is found that:(1)The spatial heterogeneity of the overall network is significant while gradually weakened over time.(2)The eastward shift of the core cities involved in transnational technology channels is accelerating,from the hubs in North America(New York Bay Area,Silicon Valley,Caribbean offshore financial center,etc.)and West Europe(London offshore financial center etc.)to East Asia(Tokyo and Seoul)and Southeast Asia(Singapore),which illustrates China has decreased reliance on the technology from the USA and West Europe.(3)The four major innovation clusters:Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region(Beijing as the hub),Yangtze River Delta(Shanghai as the hub),The Greater Bay Area(Shenzhen and Hong Kong as the hubs)and north Taiwan(Taipei and Hsinchu as the hubs),are regarded as global technology innovation hubs and China’s distribution centers in transnational technology flow.Among those,Chinese Hong Kong’s betweenness role of technology is strengthened due to linkage of transnational corporations and their branches,and low tax coverage of offshore finance,thus becoming the top city for technology transfer.Meanwhile,Chinese Taiwan’s core position is diminishing.(4)The breadth,intensity,and closeness of domestic technology transfer are conducive to the expansion of transnational technology import channels.Additionally,local economic level has positive effect on transnational technology transfer channels while technology strength and external economic linkage have multifaceted influences.