The main goal of this work is a feasibility study for the Bayesian Processor of Output (BPO) method applied to tropical convective precipitation regimes over Central and West Africa. The study uses outputs from the We...The main goal of this work is a feasibility study for the Bayesian Processor of Output (BPO) method applied to tropical convective precipitation regimes over Central and West Africa. The study uses outputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to develop and test the BPO technique. The model ran from June 01 to September 30 of 2010 and 2011. The BPO method is applied in each grid point and then in each climatic zone. Prior (climatic) distribution function is estimated from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data for the period 2002-2011. Many distribution functions have been tested for the fitting. Weibull distribution is found to be a suitable fitting function as shown by goodness of fit (gof) test in both cases. The rain pattern increases with the value of the probability p. BPO method noticeably improves the distribution of precipitation as shown by the spatial correlation coefficients. It better detects certain observed maxima compared to the raw WRF outputs. Posterior distribution (forecasting) functions allow for a simulated rainfall amount, to deduce the probability that observed rainfall falls above a given threshold. The probability of observing rainfall above a given threshold increases with simulated rainfall amounts.展开更多
The objective of this investigation was to introduce a cement-based composite of higher quality. For this purpose new hybrid nanocomposite from bagasse fiber,glass fiber and multi-wall carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs）were m...The objective of this investigation was to introduce a cement-based composite of higher quality. For this purpose new hybrid nanocomposite from bagasse fiber,glass fiber and multi-wall carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs）were manufactured. The physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured composites were measured according to standard methods. The properties of the manufactured hybrid nanocomposites were dramatically better than traditional composites. Also all the reinforced composites with carbon nanotube, glass fiber or bagasse fiber exhibited better properties rather than neat cement.The results indicated that bagasse fiber proved suitable for substitution of glass fiber as a reinforcing agent in the cement composites. The hybrid nanocomposite containing10 % glass fiber, 10 % bagasse fiber and 1.5 % MWCNTs was selected as the best compound.展开更多
The present study on some biological aspects of the Mormyridae fishes,was conducted between May and August 2015 in the Upper Sanaga at L´eki´e Department(Monat´el´e Town),Center Cameroon.For this p...The present study on some biological aspects of the Mormyridae fishes,was conducted between May and August 2015 in the Upper Sanaga at L´eki´e Department(Monat´el´e Town),Center Cameroon.For this purpose,125 specimens collected by local fishermen were used.Fishes were identified and measured,and their feeding and reproductive parameters were obtained after dissection.The catch composition of 4 species(Campylomormyrus phantasticus,Mormyrops anguilloides,Mormyrus macrophtalamus,Mormyrus tapirus)of Mormyridae identified in the region was very low(17%–30%).The mean±standard deviation of total weight and total length were 103.14±37.83 g and 27.47±4.84 cm,respectively.The minimum and maximum size(of 21.1 cm and 43 cm)were recorded from C.phantasticus and M.anguilloides,respectively.The mean±standard deviation of the relative length and mass of the digestive tract were 0.35%±0.20%and 5.27%±23.20%,respectively confirming that Mormyridae fish species have a strict carnivorous diet and consume prey that are difficult to digest.The size frequency distribution of the Mormyridae fishes showed that the majority of the fish caught are small sizes in classes 23–26 cm and 26–29 cm in C.phantasticus,M.macrophthalamus and M.tapirus.M.anguilloides did not record small specimens,however,it recorded larger sized specimens(41–44 cm)compared to the rest.The sex ratio ranged from 1M:1.14F(M.anguilloides)to 1M:4F(M.tapirus),mean 1M:2.04F has been generally in favour of females.The gonadosomatic index(GSI)was generally low in all species.However,it was higher in females of C.phantasticus and M.anguilloides compared to other species.The hepatosomatic index(HSI)was weakly correlated with the GSI in these species.展开更多
文摘The main goal of this work is a feasibility study for the Bayesian Processor of Output (BPO) method applied to tropical convective precipitation regimes over Central and West Africa. The study uses outputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to develop and test the BPO technique. The model ran from June 01 to September 30 of 2010 and 2011. The BPO method is applied in each grid point and then in each climatic zone. Prior (climatic) distribution function is estimated from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data for the period 2002-2011. Many distribution functions have been tested for the fitting. Weibull distribution is found to be a suitable fitting function as shown by goodness of fit (gof) test in both cases. The rain pattern increases with the value of the probability p. BPO method noticeably improves the distribution of precipitation as shown by the spatial correlation coefficients. It better detects certain observed maxima compared to the raw WRF outputs. Posterior distribution (forecasting) functions allow for a simulated rainfall amount, to deduce the probability that observed rainfall falls above a given threshold. The probability of observing rainfall above a given threshold increases with simulated rainfall amounts.
文摘The objective of this investigation was to introduce a cement-based composite of higher quality. For this purpose new hybrid nanocomposite from bagasse fiber,glass fiber and multi-wall carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs）were manufactured. The physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured composites were measured according to standard methods. The properties of the manufactured hybrid nanocomposites were dramatically better than traditional composites. Also all the reinforced composites with carbon nanotube, glass fiber or bagasse fiber exhibited better properties rather than neat cement.The results indicated that bagasse fiber proved suitable for substitution of glass fiber as a reinforcing agent in the cement composites. The hybrid nanocomposite containing10 % glass fiber, 10 % bagasse fiber and 1.5 % MWCNTs was selected as the best compound.
文摘The present study on some biological aspects of the Mormyridae fishes,was conducted between May and August 2015 in the Upper Sanaga at L´eki´e Department(Monat´el´e Town),Center Cameroon.For this purpose,125 specimens collected by local fishermen were used.Fishes were identified and measured,and their feeding and reproductive parameters were obtained after dissection.The catch composition of 4 species(Campylomormyrus phantasticus,Mormyrops anguilloides,Mormyrus macrophtalamus,Mormyrus tapirus)of Mormyridae identified in the region was very low(17%–30%).The mean±standard deviation of total weight and total length were 103.14±37.83 g and 27.47±4.84 cm,respectively.The minimum and maximum size(of 21.1 cm and 43 cm)were recorded from C.phantasticus and M.anguilloides,respectively.The mean±standard deviation of the relative length and mass of the digestive tract were 0.35%±0.20%and 5.27%±23.20%,respectively confirming that Mormyridae fish species have a strict carnivorous diet and consume prey that are difficult to digest.The size frequency distribution of the Mormyridae fishes showed that the majority of the fish caught are small sizes in classes 23–26 cm and 26–29 cm in C.phantasticus,M.macrophthalamus and M.tapirus.M.anguilloides did not record small specimens,however,it recorded larger sized specimens(41–44 cm)compared to the rest.The sex ratio ranged from 1M:1.14F(M.anguilloides)to 1M:4F(M.tapirus),mean 1M:2.04F has been generally in favour of females.The gonadosomatic index(GSI)was generally low in all species.However,it was higher in females of C.phantasticus and M.anguilloides compared to other species.The hepatosomatic index(HSI)was weakly correlated with the GSI in these species.
