Thickened heavy oils in China are genetically characteristic of continenta .As to their physico-chemical properties,these oils are very high in viscosity and low in sulphur and trace element con-tents.In the group con...Thickened heavy oils in China are genetically characteristic of continenta .As to their physico-chemical properties,these oils are very high in viscosity and low in sulphur and trace element con-tents.In the group constituents,the concentrations of non-hydrocarbons and asphaltene are very high but those of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatics are very low.The gas chromatograms of alkanes show that these heavy oils have high abundances of iso-alkanes and cyclic hydrocarbons.In all the steroids and terpenoids ,bicyclic sesquiterpenoids,tricyclic diterpenoids,re-arranged steranes and gammacerane are strongly bildegradation-resistent.The formation of heavy oil reservoirs is controlled mainly by late basin ascendance,biodegradation,flushing by meteoric water and oxidation in the oil-bearing formations.Ac-cording to their formation mechanisms,heavy oil reservoirs can be classified as four categories:weathering and denudation,marginal oxidation,secondary migration and thickening of bottom water .Spacially,heavy thick oil reservoirs are distributed regularly:they usually show some paragenetic relationships with normal oil reservoirs.Heavy oil reservoirs often occur in structural highs or in overlying younger strata.Their burial depth is about 200m.Horizontally,most of them are distributed on the margins of basins or depressions.展开更多
The carbon isotope composition of alkane component in biogenic gases of China has the following characteristics:with the increase of carbon number of the alkane molecules in biogenic gases, (i) the distribution range ...The carbon isotope composition of alkane component in biogenic gases of China has the following characteristics:with the increase of carbon number of the alkane molecules in biogenic gases, (i) the distribution range of the δ13C values and their main frequency sections become narrower, and both the heaviest and the lightest δ13C boundary values shift to their heavier end; (ii) the δ13C values of ethane and propane in biogenic gases present a positive linear relationship and (iii) the values of δ13C1, δ13C2 and δ13C3 tend to become heavier with the increase of heavy alkane component (C2+3) in biogenic gases. The authors studied the relationship between the δ13C values and the amount of heavy alkane components in biogenic gases (δ13C1 -C2+3(%). δ13C2 -C2+3(%) ,δ13C3-C2+3(%) for the first time and set up the interrelated regression equations between δ13C and C2+3 content (C2+3%), and advance that δ13C1【 -55‰ and C2+3【0. 5% are two fine marks for identification of biogenic gases of China.展开更多
There have been many achievements in the research on carbon isotopes of alkane hydrocarbon gases in oil and gas bearing basins in China. Because of the limited molecular types and the simple molecular structures of C&...There have been many achievements in the research on carbon isotopes of alkane hydrocarbon gases in oil and gas bearing basins in China. Because of the limited molecular types and the simple molecular structures of C<sub>1-4</sub> alkane hydrocarbon gases, the information provided by these carbon isotopes is limited. C<sub>5-8</sub> light hydrocarbons are found more often in wet gas, and their molecules have more complex structures and展开更多
Accompanying with the coalification of coal measures, great quantities of gas were generated and moderate amounts of oil produced in some stages. Such gas fields and oil-gas fields related with coalification have been...Accompanying with the coalification of coal measures, great quantities of gas were generated and moderate amounts of oil produced in some stages. Such gas fields and oil-gas fields related with coalification have been found in the Sichuan basin etc. in China, and in some other basins in Asia, Europe, Australia, South and North America, too, among which the northern West Siberia basin and North Sea-Mid展开更多
Inorganic CO<sub>2</sub> includes mantle-derived origin and metamorphic origin of marinecarbonate-bearing sedimentary rocks. Through-deep fault is the discharge path formantle-derived and magmatic gases, s...Inorganic CO<sub>2</sub> includes mantle-derived origin and metamorphic origin of marinecarbonate-bearing sedimentary rocks. Through-deep fault is the discharge path formantle-derived and magmatic gases, structural heat of compresso-shear fault provides en-ergy for carbonate rocks to produce CO<sub>2</sub>; meanwhile, local high pore pressure causedby CO<sub>2</sub> concentration reduces the internal friction resistance of rocks and stimulatesor enhances tectonic action. CO<sub>2</sub> discharge belts coinciding with global展开更多
In the previous papers, discussions of digital mosaicking problem for Landsat remote sensing were concentrated on various methods of geometric registration, while the sun angle effect correction method was mainly used...In the previous papers, discussions of digital mosaicking problem for Landsat remote sensing were concentrated on various methods of geometric registration, while the sun angle effect correction method was mainly used for smearing brightness difference展开更多
文摘Thickened heavy oils in China are genetically characteristic of continenta .As to their physico-chemical properties,these oils are very high in viscosity and low in sulphur and trace element con-tents.In the group constituents,the concentrations of non-hydrocarbons and asphaltene are very high but those of saturated hydrocarbons and aromatics are very low.The gas chromatograms of alkanes show that these heavy oils have high abundances of iso-alkanes and cyclic hydrocarbons.In all the steroids and terpenoids ,bicyclic sesquiterpenoids,tricyclic diterpenoids,re-arranged steranes and gammacerane are strongly bildegradation-resistent.The formation of heavy oil reservoirs is controlled mainly by late basin ascendance,biodegradation,flushing by meteoric water and oxidation in the oil-bearing formations.Ac-cording to their formation mechanisms,heavy oil reservoirs can be classified as four categories:weathering and denudation,marginal oxidation,secondary migration and thickening of bottom water .Spacially,heavy thick oil reservoirs are distributed regularly:they usually show some paragenetic relationships with normal oil reservoirs.Heavy oil reservoirs often occur in structural highs or in overlying younger strata.Their burial depth is about 200m.Horizontally,most of them are distributed on the margins of basins or depressions.
文摘The carbon isotope composition of alkane component in biogenic gases of China has the following characteristics:with the increase of carbon number of the alkane molecules in biogenic gases, (i) the distribution range of the δ13C values and their main frequency sections become narrower, and both the heaviest and the lightest δ13C boundary values shift to their heavier end; (ii) the δ13C values of ethane and propane in biogenic gases present a positive linear relationship and (iii) the values of δ13C1, δ13C2 and δ13C3 tend to become heavier with the increase of heavy alkane component (C2+3) in biogenic gases. The authors studied the relationship between the δ13C values and the amount of heavy alkane components in biogenic gases (δ13C1 -C2+3(%). δ13C2 -C2+3(%) ,δ13C3-C2+3(%) for the first time and set up the interrelated regression equations between δ13C and C2+3 content (C2+3%), and advance that δ13C1【 -55‰ and C2+3【0. 5% are two fine marks for identification of biogenic gases of China.
文摘There have been many achievements in the research on carbon isotopes of alkane hydrocarbon gases in oil and gas bearing basins in China. Because of the limited molecular types and the simple molecular structures of C<sub>1-4</sub> alkane hydrocarbon gases, the information provided by these carbon isotopes is limited. C<sub>5-8</sub> light hydrocarbons are found more often in wet gas, and their molecules have more complex structures and
文摘Accompanying with the coalification of coal measures, great quantities of gas were generated and moderate amounts of oil produced in some stages. Such gas fields and oil-gas fields related with coalification have been found in the Sichuan basin etc. in China, and in some other basins in Asia, Europe, Australia, South and North America, too, among which the northern West Siberia basin and North Sea-Mid
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Inorganic CO<sub>2</sub> includes mantle-derived origin and metamorphic origin of marinecarbonate-bearing sedimentary rocks. Through-deep fault is the discharge path formantle-derived and magmatic gases, structural heat of compresso-shear fault provides en-ergy for carbonate rocks to produce CO<sub>2</sub>; meanwhile, local high pore pressure causedby CO<sub>2</sub> concentration reduces the internal friction resistance of rocks and stimulatesor enhances tectonic action. CO<sub>2</sub> discharge belts coinciding with global
文摘In the previous papers, discussions of digital mosaicking problem for Landsat remote sensing were concentrated on various methods of geometric registration, while the sun angle effect correction method was mainly used for smearing brightness difference
