AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative serial assay of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and cytokeratins for the detection of recurrent disease in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical surgery...AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative serial assay of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and cytokeratins for the detection of recurrent disease in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical surgery. METHODS： Between 1993 and 2000, 120 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma underwent radical surgery in the Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Federal University of Sao Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Periodic postoperative evaluation was performed by assaying markers in peripheral serum, colonoscopy and imaging examination. Presence of CEA was detected using the Delfia^R method with 5 μg/L threshold, and cytokeratins using the LIA-mat TPA-M Prolifigen^R method with 72 U/L threshold. RESULTS： In the first postoperative year, patients without recurrent disease had normal levels of CEA （1.5 ＋ 0.9μg/L） and monoclonal tissue polypeptide antigen-M （TPA-M, 64.4 ± 47.8 U/L）, while patients with recurrences had high levels of CEA （6.9± 9.8 ;μg/L, P 〈 0.01） and TPA-M （192.2 ±328.8 U/L, P 〈 0.05）. During the second postoperative year, patients without tumor recurrence had normal levels of CEA （2.0 ± 1.8μg/L） and TPA-M （50.8±38.4 U/L）, while patients with recurrence had high levels of CEA （66.3 ±130.8 μg/L, P 〈 0.01） and TPA-M （442.7 ± 652.8 U/L, P 〈 0.05）. The mean follow-up time was 22.3 mo. There was recurrence in 23 cases. Five reoperations were performed without achieving radical excision. Rises in tumor marker levels preceded identification of recurrences： CEA in seven （30%） and TPA-M in eleven individuals （48%）. CONCLUSION： Intensive follow-up by serial assay of CEA and cytokeratins allows early detection of colorectal neoplasm recurrence.展开更多
The empowerment of women is crucial for the development of a nation.This study is about women empowerment and household income in Kira Municipality of Uganda.The objectives were to establish the strategies of women em...The empowerment of women is crucial for the development of a nation.This study is about women empowerment and household income in Kira Municipality of Uganda.The objectives were to establish the strategies of women empowerment,the effect of women empowerment on household income and the challenges to women empowerment.We adopted a cross-sectional survey design,considering a sample size of 72 respondents who were randomly sampled.Findings revealed that strategies for women empowerment included women being encouraged to join group saving groups.It was revealed that women were not adequately trained as dispute settlers,linkers,motivators,facilitators,and negotiators to help implement women empowerment projects in as far as empowering them was concerned.Regarding the impact of women empowerment,findings revealed that skills have been enhanced through training received from women empowerment implementers and programs have reduced employment among these women through skills attained.However,key challenges to women empowerment emerged including but not limited to There is inadequate finance and inappropriate funding of activities,limited access to credit sources to expand our activities,poorly trained community projects facilitators and unnecessary hinder project activities and political interests which affect women group leadership such as interference from community political forces.It is recommended that more efforts should be put to economic empowerment as a process of increasing women’s access to economic resources and opportunities including jobs,financial services,property and other productive assets,skills development and market information.Lastly women should be encouraged to participate in enterprise activities to gain a greater economic role in decision-making.Exercising control over these financial matters enables women to optimize their own and the household’s welfare.展开更多
The transition of vegetative meristems to a reproductive state followed by floral development and flowering is a complex process regulated by many regulatory pathways that integrate(epi)genetic and environmental facto...The transition of vegetative meristems to a reproductive state followed by floral development and flowering is a complex process regulated by many regulatory pathways that integrate(epi)genetic and environmental factors to guarantee the reproductive success in angiosperms.In woody and perennial species,such as coffee trees,the extended life cycle reflects adaptive strategies,i.e.,two-year cycle,sequential flowering and bud latency during the winter,that ensure reproductive success in a variable environment.The dynamics of coffee flowering integrate multiple stimuli to induce morpho-physiological changes,especially during the reproductive phase.We discussed diverse stimuli which are directly and indirectly associated with molecular pathways related to the reproductive meristem transition and floral development until anthesis.Here,we propose to redefine some concepts regarding coffee floral development,such as:i)a summary of genes possibly involved in the flowering pathways;ii)a new classification of buds by position in the node(B1-B4)to avoid misunderstandings with the uneven developmental stages;iii)comparative ABC model to Arabidopsis and tomato to allow evolutionary discussions of whorls development in Coffea sp.From this,we expect to collaborate to drive future studies towards coffee breeding and production,for example,improving floral bud activation,controlling the flowering time,anthesis synchronization to produce more homogeneous ripening fruits,reducing abortion or early flower openings,and increasing fruitification.Moreover,we think that the explored relationship between physiological and molecular approaches during the coffee flowering may be extended to understand other tropical perennial species,especially those with asynchronous flowering behavior,and to understand evolutive aspects in Rubiaceae.展开更多
Neuro-endocrinological manifestations rarely are described in cases of SARS- CoV-2. We describe a case of a previously hypertensive patient who presented COVID-19 and developed refractory arterial hypotension. In the ...Neuro-endocrinological manifestations rarely are described in cases of SARS- CoV-2. We describe a case of a previously hypertensive patient who presented COVID-19 and developed refractory arterial hypotension. In the investigation, low levels of ACTH and cortisol were observed, suggesting secondary adrenal insufficiency as the cause of refractory hypotension.展开更多
基金Supported by Foundation for Research Support of the State of Sao Paulo-FAPESP, No. 98/12504-1
文摘AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative serial assay of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and cytokeratins for the detection of recurrent disease in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical surgery. METHODS： Between 1993 and 2000, 120 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma underwent radical surgery in the Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Federal University of Sao Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Periodic postoperative evaluation was performed by assaying markers in peripheral serum, colonoscopy and imaging examination. Presence of CEA was detected using the Delfia^R method with 5 μg/L threshold, and cytokeratins using the LIA-mat TPA-M Prolifigen^R method with 72 U/L threshold. RESULTS： In the first postoperative year, patients without recurrent disease had normal levels of CEA （1.5 ＋ 0.9μg/L） and monoclonal tissue polypeptide antigen-M （TPA-M, 64.4 ± 47.8 U/L）, while patients with recurrences had high levels of CEA （6.9± 9.8 ;μg/L, P 〈 0.01） and TPA-M （192.2 ±328.8 U/L, P 〈 0.05）. During the second postoperative year, patients without tumor recurrence had normal levels of CEA （2.0 ± 1.8μg/L） and TPA-M （50.8±38.4 U/L）, while patients with recurrence had high levels of CEA （66.3 ±130.8 μg/L, P 〈 0.01） and TPA-M （442.7 ± 652.8 U/L, P 〈 0.05）. The mean follow-up time was 22.3 mo. There was recurrence in 23 cases. Five reoperations were performed without achieving radical excision. Rises in tumor marker levels preceded identification of recurrences： CEA in seven （30%） and TPA-M in eleven individuals （48%）. CONCLUSION： Intensive follow-up by serial assay of CEA and cytokeratins allows early detection of colorectal neoplasm recurrence.
文摘Cearadactylus atrox is one of the first pterosaurs unearthed from the Araripe Basin (Northeast Brazil) (Leonardi and Borgomanero 1983, 1985) (Fig.1).
文摘The empowerment of women is crucial for the development of a nation.This study is about women empowerment and household income in Kira Municipality of Uganda.The objectives were to establish the strategies of women empowerment,the effect of women empowerment on household income and the challenges to women empowerment.We adopted a cross-sectional survey design,considering a sample size of 72 respondents who were randomly sampled.Findings revealed that strategies for women empowerment included women being encouraged to join group saving groups.It was revealed that women were not adequately trained as dispute settlers,linkers,motivators,facilitators,and negotiators to help implement women empowerment projects in as far as empowering them was concerned.Regarding the impact of women empowerment,findings revealed that skills have been enhanced through training received from women empowerment implementers and programs have reduced employment among these women through skills attained.However,key challenges to women empowerment emerged including but not limited to There is inadequate finance and inappropriate funding of activities,limited access to credit sources to expand our activities,poorly trained community projects facilitators and unnecessary hinder project activities and political interests which affect women group leadership such as interference from community political forces.It is recommended that more efforts should be put to economic empowerment as a process of increasing women’s access to economic resources and opportunities including jobs,financial services,property and other productive assets,skills development and market information.Lastly women should be encouraged to participate in enterprise activities to gain a greater economic role in decision-making.Exercising control over these financial matters enables women to optimize their own and the household’s welfare.
基金the"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)"the"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)"the"Instituto Brasileiro de Ciência e Tecnologia do Café(INCT/Café)",under FAPEMIG grant(CAG APQ 03605/17)for financially supporting the experiments.
文摘The transition of vegetative meristems to a reproductive state followed by floral development and flowering is a complex process regulated by many regulatory pathways that integrate(epi)genetic and environmental factors to guarantee the reproductive success in angiosperms.In woody and perennial species,such as coffee trees,the extended life cycle reflects adaptive strategies,i.e.,two-year cycle,sequential flowering and bud latency during the winter,that ensure reproductive success in a variable environment.The dynamics of coffee flowering integrate multiple stimuli to induce morpho-physiological changes,especially during the reproductive phase.We discussed diverse stimuli which are directly and indirectly associated with molecular pathways related to the reproductive meristem transition and floral development until anthesis.Here,we propose to redefine some concepts regarding coffee floral development,such as:i)a summary of genes possibly involved in the flowering pathways;ii)a new classification of buds by position in the node(B1-B4)to avoid misunderstandings with the uneven developmental stages;iii)comparative ABC model to Arabidopsis and tomato to allow evolutionary discussions of whorls development in Coffea sp.From this,we expect to collaborate to drive future studies towards coffee breeding and production,for example,improving floral bud activation,controlling the flowering time,anthesis synchronization to produce more homogeneous ripening fruits,reducing abortion or early flower openings,and increasing fruitification.Moreover,we think that the explored relationship between physiological and molecular approaches during the coffee flowering may be extended to understand other tropical perennial species,especially those with asynchronous flowering behavior,and to understand evolutive aspects in Rubiaceae.
文摘Neuro-endocrinological manifestations rarely are described in cases of SARS- CoV-2. We describe a case of a previously hypertensive patient who presented COVID-19 and developed refractory arterial hypotension. In the investigation, low levels of ACTH and cortisol were observed, suggesting secondary adrenal insufficiency as the cause of refractory hypotension.
