Role of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 6(TNFAIP6)in tumors:a pan-cancer analysis

Background:There is growing evidence that the gene named tumor necrosis factorα–induced protein 6(TNFAIP6)has an important role in various tumors.However,a systematic pan-cancer analysis of TNFAIP6 is lacking.Here we aimed to analyze the expression of TNFAIP6 across multiple cancers and verify its expression during the progression of colon cancer.Methods:We performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to examine the expression of TNFAIP6 across 27 tumor types.GEPIA2 was used to evaluate the effect of TNFAIP6 on clinical cancer prognosis.cBioportal was used to assess TNFAIP6 mutations.The correlation between TNFAIP6 and cancer immune infiltrates was explored using TIMER2.0.The CancerSEA database was used to perform functional analysis of TNFAIP6.Metascape was used to identify TNFAIP6-related gene enrichment pathways.Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect TNFAIP6 protein expression in the colon cancer.In addition,the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database was searched for known and possible antitumor drugs that may be associated with TNFAIP6.Results:We found that,in most of the cancers included in this analysis,TNFAIP6 was highly expressed,and there is a distinct relationship between TNFAIP6 expression and cancer prognosis.TNFAIP6 expression is associated with cancer-associated fibroblasts,neutrophils,and endothelial cells.TNFAIP6 and similar genes may also be involved in the PID_VEGF_VEGFR_pathway.Immunohistochemistry revealed an increasing trend of TNFAIP6 protein expression in normal,adenoma,and colon cancer tissues.Several known and possible antitumor drugs that may be associated with TNFAIP6 were identified in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database.These results suggest that a number of drugsmay target TNFAIP6 during cancer treatment,including cisplatin,irinotecan,resveratrol,U 0126,NSC689534,genistein,NSC668394,oxaliplatin,plerixafor,topotecan,vincristine,flutamide,doxorubicin,MRK 003,folic acid,demecolcine,tunicamycin,zoledronic acid,and schizandrin B.Conclusions:TNFAIP6 may function as an oncogene in certain cancers.Furthermore,this study provides evidence that TNFAIP6 is an important factor in colon cancer progression.

Longitudinal Studies on Illness Perceptions in Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of longitudinal studies related to disease perception in cancer patients and to provide a reference for the improvement of disease perception in cancer patients.Methods:Using the scoping method,PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,Medline,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Chinese Scientific and Technical Journals Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched up to July 2023 for analysis and discussion of the included literature.Results:A total of 19 articles were included,distributed across 9 countries including China,the Netherlands,and the United Kingdom,with 8 articles published in China.The study subjects included patients with breast cancer,colorectal cancer,laryngeal cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer,and bladder cancer.The content covered dynamic changes in disease perception,the impact of disease perception,and the influencing factors of disease perception.Conclusion:The number of longitudinal studies on disease perception in cancer patients is gradually increasing and becoming more diverse.However,issues such as a small total number of studies,single research methods,and short observation periods persist.In the future,it is necessary to conduct in-depth longitudinal research on disease perception in cancer patients,expand the scope of research fields,and provide more comprehensive theories to guide clinical treatment and nursing practices,ultimately improving the treatment outcomes and quality of life for cancer patients.

Efficacy of Bispectral index-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol for laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer

Objective:To discuss the efficacy of Bispectral index (BIS)-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol for laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer.Methods:A total of 106 patients with primary gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer in our hospital between August 2015 and February 2018 were chosen as the research subjects and divided into the control group (n=53) and the observation group (n=53) according to the different anesthesia methods. Control group of patients received BIS-monitored manually adjusted targeted-controlled infusion concentration of propofol, and observation group of patients received BIS-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol. The differences in hemodynamic index levels as well as serum contents of inflammatory factors and stress hormones were compared between the two groups of patients before anesthesia (T0), 30 min after surgery started (T1) and 30 min before surgery ended (T2).Results:At T0, the differences in hemodynamic index levels as well as serum contents of inflammatory factors and stress hormones were not statistically significant between the two groups. At T1 and T2, hemodynamic indexes MAP and HR levels of observation group were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points;serum inflammatory factors sICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α contents were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points;serum stress hormones Cor, T4 and glucagon contents were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points.Conclusion: BIS-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol can effectively stabilize the intraoperative hemodynamics and inhibit the systemic inflammatory stress response in patients with laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer.

miRNA-195:The New Target of Inhibiting the Proliferation,Migration and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells via Propofol

Objective:To explore the effect of propofol(Prof)on the proliferation,migration and invasion of human gastric cancer cell MGC-803 and its molecular mechanism.Methods:The MTT method was used to study the effects of Prof with different doses and durations on the viability of MGC-803 cells.Hoechst 33258 staining and electron microscopy were used to detect the effects of Prof on MGC-803 cell apoptosis.Transwell experiments were used to detect the effects of Prof on the migration and invasion of MGC-803 cells.RT-PCR detects the effect of Prof on the expression of miR-195 in MGC-803 cells,and Western Blot detects the effect of Prof on the protein expression of JAK/STAT signaling pathway.Results:Compared with 0μg/ml Prof,5μg/ml,10μg/ml and 20μg/ml Prof treatment with 24h,48h and 72h can significantly reduce cell viability(P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the percentage of Hoechst 33258 staining positive cells in the Prof group and the apoptosis rate under the electron microscope were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the cell migration rate and invasion rate of the Prof group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the expression of miRNA-195 in the Prof group cells was increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the Control group,the activity of p-Jak1 and p-STAT3 proteins in the Prof group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Conclusion:Prof can reduce the cell viability,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell MGC-803,and promote its apoptosis.Its mechanism may be related to the promotion of miR-195 expression and inhibition of JAK/STAT signal pathway activity.

Circulating RNA ZFR promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process through miR-624-3p/WEE1 axis

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the most common type of primary liver cancer,is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Previous evidence shows that the expression of circulating RNA ZFR(circZFR)is upregulated in HCC tissues.However,the molecular mechanism of circZFR in HCC is unclear.Methods:Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was employed to detect the expression of circZFR,microRNA-624-3p(miR-624-3p)and WEE1 in HCC tissues and cells.RNase R assay and actinomycin D treatment assay were used to analyze the characteristics of circZFR.For functional analysis,the capacities of colony formation,cell proliferation,cell apoptosis,migration and invasion were assessed by colony formation assay,5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay,flow cytometry assay and transwell assay.Western blot was used to examine the protein levels of WEE1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins.The interactions between miR-624-3p and circZFR or WEE1 were validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)assay.Xenograft models were established to determine the role of circZFR in vivo.Results:circZFR and WEE1 were upregulated,while miR-624-3p expression was reduced in HCC tissues and cells.circZFR could sponge miR-624-3p,and WEE1 was a downstream gene of miR-624-3p.Knockdown of circZFR significantly reduced the malignant behaviors of HCC and that co-transfection with miR624-3p inhibitor restored this change.Overexpression of WEE1 abolished the inhibitory effect of miR624-3p mimic on HCC cells.Mechanistically,circZFR acted as a competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)to regulate WEE1 expression by targeting miR-624-3p.Furthermore,in vivo studies have illustrated that circZFR knockdown inhibited tumor growth.Conclusions:circZFR knockdown reduced HCC cell proliferation,migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis by regulating the miR-624-3p/WEE1 axis,suggesting that the circZFR/miR-624-3p/WEE1 axis might be a potential target for HCC treatment.

Abdominal bronchogenic cyst:A rare case report

BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts are cystic masses caused by congenital abnormal development of the respiratory system,and usually occur in the pulmonary parenchyma or mediastinum.CASE SUMMARY A rare case of a bronchogenic cyst discovered in the abdominal cavity of a 35-year-old man is reported.Physical examination found a space-occupying lesion in the patient’s abdomen for 4 d.Laparoscopic exploration found the cyst tightly adhered to the stomach and its peripheral blood vessels;therefore,intraoperative laparotomy was performed.The cystic mass was resected en bloc with an Endo-GIA stapler.The final postoperative pathological diagnosis confirmed an abdominal bronchogenic cyst.CONCLUSION This is a rare case of a bronchogenic cyst that was discovered within the abdominal cavity of a male patient.The cyst is easily confused with or misdiagnosed as other lesions.Therefore,it is necessary to distinguish abdominal bronchogenic cyst from gastrointestinal stromal tumor,Meckel’s diverticulum,enteric duplication cyst,or lymphangioma.Although computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were the primary diagnostic approaches,endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration could assist with clarification of the cytological or histopathological diagnosis before surgery.

Diffusion tensor imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in brain tumor Correlation between structure and metabolism

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging are non-invasive techniques used to detect metabolites and water diffusion in vivo. Previous studies have confirmed a positive correlation of individual fractional anisotropy values with N-acetylaspartate/creatine and N-acetylaspartate/choline ratios in tumors, edema, and normal white matter. This study divided the brain parenchyma into tumor, pedtumoral edema, and normal-appearing white matter according to MRI data, and analyzed the correlation of metabolites with water molecular diffusion. Results demonstrated that in normal-appearing white matter, N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios were positively correlated with fractional anisotropy values, negatively correlated with radial diffusivities, and positively correlated with maximum eigenvalues. Maximum eigenvalues and radial diffusivities in peritumoral edema showed a negative correlation with choline, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine. Radial diffusivities in tumor demonstrated a negative correlation with choline. These data suggest that the relationship between metabolism and structure is markedly changed from normal white matter to peritumoral edema and tumor. Neural metabolism in the peritumoral edema area decreased with expanding extracellular space. The normal relationship of neural function and microstructure disappeared in the tumor region.

Construction of Porcine CCK pDNA and Its Expression in COS-7 Cells

CCK correlates with the generation and progression of pancreatic cancer. The research aims to construct eukaryotic expression plasmid pIRES2-EGFP/CCK (CCK pDNA) and transiently express it in COS-7 cells. Total RNA was extracted from porcine intestinal mucosa. RT-PCR was used to amplify the aimed segments CCKcDNA which was then digested with EcoR1 and BamH1 and inserted into a eukaryotic expression plasmid pIRES2-EGFP to construct CCK pDNA. The con- structed plasmid was transfected into COS-7 cells by lepofectamineTM2000-mediated transfer method. The expression of CCK in transfected COS-7 cells was detected 24, 48 and 72 h post-transfection with fluorescence microscopy and the expression level of CCK mRNA in transfected COS-7 cells was assayed by using RT-PCR. The results showed CCK pDNA was successfully constructed and expressed transiently in COS-7 cells. Green fluorescent protein could be detected in the COS-7 cells transfected with porcine CCK pDNA 24 h post-transfection. At 48th h post-transfection, the number of positive cells was increased significantly and much brighter green fluorescence could be detected. And 72 h post-transfection, the green fluorescence of positive cells became even stronger, while no green fluorescence was detected in the control group. The expression of CCK mRNA in the cells was detectable by using RT-PCR. In COS-7 cells transfected with CCK pDNA a high level of porcine CCK mRNA was detected while no expression of porcine CCKmRNA was found in the cells trans- fected with null plasmid. It was concluded CCK pDNA was expressed successfully in COS-7 cells, which lays a foundation for further research on the relationship between CCK and tumor.

Anti-Anxiety Effects of Prelimbic 5-HT4 Receptors in the Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease: Evidence from Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study

Objective:Clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated that prelimbic(PrL)and serotonin-4(5-HT4)receptors may have the key role in regulating anxiety.However,the pathophysiology of anxiety in Parkinson’s disease(PD)remains obscure.In this research,the effects of PrL 5-HT4 receptors on anti-anxiety behaviors in hemiparkinsonian rats were investigated.Methods:PD model rats were used as the research subjects,starting with behavioral changes,from the point of view of electrophysiology,the regulatory effect of PrL 5-HT4 receptors on PD-related anxiety and the possible mechanism were explored.Results:Anxiety-like behaviors were induced via MFB lesion in rats.Intra-PrL injection of 5-HT4 receptors agonist RS67333 induced anti-anxiety effects in both sham and PD group.In the sham group,PrL administration of 5-HT4 receptors antagonist SB204070 produce anti-anxiety effects,but in the PD group,the expression of anxiety-like behavior was increased.Compared to the sham group,the effective dose of the behavioral effects of the two drugs in the PD group was obviously higher.Electrophysiological data suggested that PrL administration of RS67333(SB204070)increased(decreased)the firing activities ofγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)neurons in both groups.Compared with rats in sham group,lesioned rats had a shorter duration of the excitation(inhibition)effects on firing activities of GABA neurons.Conclusion:PrL 5-HT4 receptors regulate anxiety behaviors in PD rats,and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of expression or function of PrL 5-HT4 receptors in PD.

Correlation Analysis Between BDNF and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats

Objective:To investigate the relationship between BDNF and postoperative cognitive dysfunction among aged rats.Methods:36 SPF healthy aged male SD rats were randomly assigned to a control group and a model group,respectively,with 18 rats in each group.Abdominal exploration was performed on the rats in the model group after anesthesia,while the rats in the control group were not operated on after anesthesia.The escape latency and swimming distance of the two groups were analyzed on a day prior to surgery as well as on the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery;the expression levels of BDNF protein in the hippocampus of rats in the two groups were compared on the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery;the correlation between BDNF and escape latency and swimming distance was analyzed.Results:The escape latency and swimming distance of the rats in the control group on a day prior to surgery,the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery did not differ significantly(p>0.05),but those in the model group had significant behavioral difference(p<0.05).On a day prior to surgery,the rats in both groups showed no significant behavioral difference in escape latency and swimming distance(p>0.05),but on the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery,the escape latency and swimming distance of the rats in the model group were significantly longer than those in the control group(p<0.05).In the control group,there was no significant difference in the protein expression of BDNF in the hippocampus of rats on the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery,but there was significant difference in the model group.On the first day,third day,and seventh day following surgery,the BDNF protein expression level in the rats’hippocampus of the control group was significantly higher than that of the model group(p<0.05).The data from Pearson correlation analysis confirmed that BDNF protein expression is negatively correlated with escape latency(r=-0.567,p<0.001)and swimming distance(r=-0.623,p<0.001).Conclusion:In aged rats,the BDNF protein expression level decreases,and the degree of cognitive dysfunction increases after surgery.

Effects of Different Doses of BDNF on Postoperative Cognitive Function in Aged Rats Undergoing Abdominal Surgery

Objective:To investigate the effects of different doses of BDNF on postoperative cognitive function in aged rats undergoing abdominal surgery.Methods:72 aged healthy male SD rats of SPF grade were selected.According to the random number table method,the rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group,low dose BDNF injection group,and high dose BDNF injection group,with 18 rats in each group.The model group,low dose group,and high dose group underwent abdominal surgery after anesthesia,and 5μL/time of BDNF was intranasally administered to the rats in the low dose and high dose groups 6 hours after abdominal surgery,of which the dose of the low dose group was 0.1 g/L,while that of the high dose group was 0.2 g/L.The drug was administered alternately through both nostrils,with an interval of 2 minutes each time,for 5 times.The control group did not undergo surgery after anesthesia.The escape latency and swimming distance of the four groups of rats were compared before surgery,the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery;similarly,the BDNF protein expression level in the hippocampus of the four groups of rats was compared on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery.Results:The escape latency and swimming distance of the control group were not statistically significant on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery,p>0.05;the escape latency and swimming distance of the model group,low dose group,and high dose group on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery were statistically significant,p<0.05.Before surgery,the escape latency and swimming distance of the four groups were not statistically significant,p>0.05;on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery,the escape latency and swimming distance of the model group>low dose group>high dose group>control group,p<0.05.The BDNF protein expression level in the hippocampus of the control group on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery showed no statistical significance p>0.05;the expression level of BDNF protein in the hippocampus of the model group,low dose group,and high dose group on the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery was statistically significant,p<0.05.On the first day,the third day,and the seventh day after surgery,the expression level of BDNF protein in the hippocampus of the model group<low dose group<high dose group<control group,p<0.05.Conclusion:Compared with 0.1 g/L of BDNF,0.2 g/L of BDNF can improve the postoperative cognitive function of aged rats undergoing abdominal surgery.

Acute respiratory depression resulting from ten milligram of oral morphine:an unusual case

Morphine belongs to opioid analgesics,which acts on the central nervous system.It can improve emotional responses such as anxiety,tension,and fear caused by pain and relieve it.Morphine had been widely used in the treatment of cancer-related pain.However,a series of opioid-associated adverse effects including opioid-induced respiratory depression were reported in clinical practice.Here,we reported a unique patient diagnosed with lung cancer,who underwent respiratory depression resulting from oral administration of ten milligram of morphine and was successfully resuscitated by naloxone.A literature review is then performed to analyze this rare condition.

Clinical Effect of Electroacupuncture Baihui and Neiguan Acupoint on Cognitive Function Recovery in Elderly Patients after General Anesthesia

Objective:To study and analyze the clinical effect of electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan Points on cognitive function recovery of elderly patients after general anesthesia.Methods:The subjects were 80 elderly patients who received general anesthesia from January 2019 to February 2021.According to different anesthesia methods,they were divided into research group(electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan combined with conventional drug anesthesia)and control group(simple drug anesthesia).The postoperative cognitive function recovery of the two groups was observed and compared.Results:Compared with the control group,the MMSE score and POCD incidence of research group were significantly better.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Conclusion electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan combined with conventional drug anesthesia can promote the recovery of cognitive function and prevent cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients under general anesthesia.

Scalp metastasis from gallbladder cancer： an unusual case

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tract and the fifth most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, In general, metastases of gallbladder carcinoma tends to occur in the regional lymph nodes and liver, while extra-abdominal and blood-borne metastases are relatively infrequent. Here we present an unusual case presenting with scalp metastasis from gallbladder cancer. To the best of our knowledge, only two similar cases have been documented in published literatures.

Aberrantly high activation of a FoxM1-STMN1 axis contributes to progression and tumorigenesis in FoxMl-driven cancers

Fork-head box protein M1(FoxM1)is a transcriptional factor which plays critical roles in cancer development and progression.However,the general regulatory mechanism of FoxM1 is still limited.STMN1 is a microtubule-binding protein which can inhibit the assembly of microtubule dimer or promote depolymerization of microtubules.It was reported as a major responsive factor of paclitaxel resistance for clinical chemotherapy of tumor patients.But the function of abnormally high level of STMN1 and its regulation mechanism in cancer cells remain unclear.In this study,we used public database and tissue microarrays to analyze the expression pattern of FoxM1 and STMN1 and found a strong positive correlation between FoxM1 and STMN1 in multiple types of cancer.Lentivirus-mediated FoxM1/STMN1-knockdown cell lines were established to study the function of FoxM1/STMN1 by performing cell viability assay,plate clone formation assay,soft agar assay in vitro and xenograft mouse model in vivo.Our results showed that FoxMl promotes cell proliferation by upregulating STMN1.Further ChIP assay showed that FoxM1 upregulates STMN1 in a transcriptional level.Prognostic analysis showed that a high level of FoxM1 and STMN1 is related to poor prognosis in solid tumors.Moreover,a high co-expression of FoxM1 and STMN1 has a more significant correlation with poor prognosis.Our findings suggest that a general FoxMl-STMN1 axis contributes to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma,gastric cancer and colorectal cancer.The combination of FoxM1 and STMN1 can be a more precise biomarker for prognostic prediction.

Validation of different personalized risk models of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting:results of a randomized,double-blind,phase III trial of fosaprepitant for cancer patients treated with high-dose cisplatin

Background:Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)in patients with solid malignant tumors,determine risk factors and externally validate different personalized risk models for CINV.Methods:This phase III trial was designed to test the non-inferiority of fosaprepitant toward aprepitant in cancer patients who were to receive the first cycle of single-day cisplatin chemotherapy.The primary endpoint was complete response(CR)during the overall phase(OP)with a non-inferiority margin of 10.0%.Logistic regression modelswere used to assess the risk factors ofCRand no nausea.To validate the personalized risk models,the accuracy of the risk scoring systems was determined by measuring the specificity,sensitivity and area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC),while the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was measured using concordance index(C-index).Results:A total of 720 patients were randomly assigned.CR during the OP in the fosaprepitant group was not inferior to that in the aprepitant group(78.1%vs.77.7%,P=0.765)with a between-group difference of 0.4%(95%CI,-5.7%to 6.6%).Female sex,higher cisplatin dose(≥70 mg/m2),no history of drinking and larger body surface area(BSA)were significantly associated with nausea.The AUC for the acute and delayed CINV risk indexes was 0.68(95%CI:0.66-0.71)and 0.66(95%CI:0.61-0.70),respectively,and the C-index for nomogram CINV prediction was 0.59(95%CI,0.54-0.64).Using appropriate cutoff points,the three models could stratify patients with high-or low-risk CINV.No nausea and CR rate were significantly higher in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group(P<0.001).Conclusions:Fosaprepitant-based triple prophylaxis demonstrated non-inferior control for preventing CINV in patients treated with cisplatin-base chemotherapy.Female cancer patients without a history of alcohol consumption,with larger BSA and received high-dose cisplatin might be more vulnerable to CINV.Three personalized prediction models were well-validated and could be used to optimize antiemetic therapy for individual patients.

Quantitative assessment of the aging corpus cavernosum by shear wave elastography

We wanted to determine whether shear wave elastography(SwE)could be used to evaluate the aging degree of the corpus cavernosum(CC)and to identify the histological basis of changes in SWE measurements during the aging process.We performed a crosssectional study enrolling healthy participants of different ages.We measured the Young's modulus(YM)of the penile CCs by SWE and assessed erectile function using the International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5).Histological investigation was performed in surgically resected penile specimens from a separate group of patients to examine the smooth muscle and collagen content of the CCs.Furthermore,we measured the YM,erectile function,smooth muscle,and collagen content of the CCs in different age groups of rats.Finally,we enrolled 210 male volunteers in this study.The YM of the CC(CCYM)was positively correlated with age(r=0.949,P<0.01)and negatively correlated with erectile function(r=-0.843,P<0.01).Histological examinations showed that cCs had increased collagen content but decreased smooth muscle content with increased age.The same positive correlation between CcYM and age was also observed in the animal study.In addition,the animal study showed that older rats,with increased CcYM and decreased erectile function,had lower smooth muscle content and higher collagen content.SwE can noninvasively and quantitatively evaluate the aging degree of the Cc.Increased collagen content and decreased smooth muscle content might be the histological basis for the effect of aging on the CC and the increase in its YM.

CNTN1基因在乳腺癌中的表达及其与预后关系的研究

目的检测接触蛋白-1(contactin-1,CNTN1)基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与乳腺癌患者临床病理因素和预后的关系。方法回顾性收集陕西省肿瘤医院2015年1月至2015年6月期间符合纳入标准的35例乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料,采用免疫组织化学SP法和Western blot法检测乳腺癌组织及其相应的癌旁组织中CNTN1蛋白的表达情况,同时应用RT-PCR法检测CNTN1 mRNA在相应组织中的表达情况。分析乳腺癌组织中CNTN1蛋白表达与乳腺癌患者5年总生存情况的关系。结果乳腺癌组织中CNTN1蛋白表达阳性率和表达水平均高于其相应的癌旁组织[65.7%(23/35)比45.7%(16/35),χ^(2)=8.235,P=0.003;0.825±0.221比0.412±0.117,t=12.556,P<0.001],同时乳腺癌组织中CNTN1 mRNA表达水平亦高于其相应的癌旁组织(0.763±0.218比0.353±0.135,t=11.162,P<0.001)。CNTN1蛋白表达阳性率在肿瘤直径较大(>2 cm)、低分化、TNM分期较晚(Ⅲ+Ⅳ期)以及有腋窝淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者中更高(P<0.05)。35例乳腺癌患者的中位总生存期为47.3个月,其中CNTN1高表达(大于组织中CNTN1蛋白表达中位数0.785)患者的中位总生存期为36.2个月,低表达患者为52.5个月,CNTN1高表达患者的生存情况差于低表达患者(χ^(2)=4.052,P=0.049)。结论从本研究初步研究结果提示,CNTN1基因过表达可能在原发性乳腺癌的发生及进展中起重要作用且与生存预后有一定的关系。

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant epithelial tumor originating in the nasopharynx and has a high incidence in Southeast Asia and North Africa.To develop these comprehensive guidelines for the diagnosis and management of NPC,the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)arranged a multi-disciplinary team comprising of experts from all sub-specialties of NPC to write,discuss,and revise the guidelines.Based on the findings of evidencebased medicine in China and abroad,domestic experts have iteratively developed these guidelines to provide proper management of NPC.Overall,the guidelines describe the screening,clinical and pathological diagnosis,staging and risk assessment,therapies,and follow-up of NPC,which aim to improve the management of NPC.