延安气田低渗透致密砂岩气藏效益开发配套技术

延安气田位于鄂尔多斯盆地东南部,与该盆地北部的气田相比,储层更薄、物性更差,气藏叠置关系复杂,加之地表为黄土塬地貌,储层地震预测难度大,现有的气田开发配套工程技术适应性差,亟须优化气田开发方式与开发技术。为此,延长石油集团经过近十年的理论研究和技术攻关,在储层预测、井网优化、钻完井、储层保护、压裂改造、地面集输等方面,形成了一套适合延安气田复杂致密砂岩气藏高效开发的关键技术体系:(1)融合多尺度静、动态研究成果,建立了基于动态知识库的有效储层预测技术,大幅度提升有效砂体钻遇率,实现了对厚度3～5 m稳定单砂体的准确追踪;(2)形成了以不规则菱形井网为基础,丛式井多层合采、水平井单层动用的混合井网立体动用模式,较规则井网井数减少6.9%,井网控制程度提高8%;(3)形成了易伤害塌漏同井储层高效钻井技术,有效提高了井壁稳定性、缩短了钻井周期,保护了储层;(4)实现了直/定向井一趟作业多层大跨度压裂、水平井CO_2+水力压裂技术,单井天然气产量显著提高;(5)形成了以井下节流、枝上枝井间串联和集中注醇为核心的黄土塬地貌中压集输技术,减少了工作量,缩短了施工周期,提高了经济效益。以上关键技术的应用,实现了延安气田低渗透致密砂岩气藏的效益开发,建成了年产气50×10~8 m^3的生产能力。

Anomaly Feature Extraction of the Gravity Field before the Jiuzhaigou Earthquake in 2017

The M_S7. 0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred on August 8,2017. The earthquake occurred in the vicinity of the Tazang fault,the Minjiang fault and the Huya fault,where the focal mechanism is of the strike slip type. The static and dynamic anomalies of the gravity field can provide important physical field information for studying the structural properties of deep crust. Multi-scale decomposition techniques are used to separate Bouguer gravity at different depths and give some explanation to gravity variations at different time space scales. The results indicate that the wavelet multi-scale results of the EGM2008 model and the measured gravity data are consistent. Through comparative analysis,it is found that the Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred in the stress enhanced region. The variation of gravity field at different time scales has a certain scientific significance for further understanding potential earthquake risk trend.