The rapa whelk Rapana venosa transforms from a phytophagous larva to a camivorous juvenile after settlement and metamorphosis.The high mortality rate and low metamorphosis rate(<1%)of larvae are among the key facto...The rapa whelk Rapana venosa transforms from a phytophagous larva to a camivorous juvenile after settlement and metamorphosis.The high mortality rate and low metamorphosis rate(<1%)of larvae are among the key factors limiting the recovery of the resources ofR.venosa.We studied these two processes and showed that the larva has the ability to settle and metamorphose in the middle and late 4 spiral whorl period,and the use of substrates(scallop shells with oysters)can significantly improve the settlement and metamorphosis rate of larvae.The presence of darkness,juvenile bivalve shellfish,and oyster polysaccharide could effectively increase the rates of larval settlement and metamorphosis.Our findings broaden the understanding of settlement and metamorphosis in gastropods and can be used to improve population control,resource recovery and commercial breeding strategies for R.venosa.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31572636)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019BD003)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M652498)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(No.CARS-49)the Special Funds for Talent Project of Taishan Industry Leaderthe ‘Double Hundred’ Blue Industry Leader Team of Yantaithe Creative Team Project of the Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.LMEES-CTSP-2018-1)
文摘The rapa whelk Rapana venosa transforms from a phytophagous larva to a camivorous juvenile after settlement and metamorphosis.The high mortality rate and low metamorphosis rate(<1%)of larvae are among the key factors limiting the recovery of the resources ofR.venosa.We studied these two processes and showed that the larva has the ability to settle and metamorphose in the middle and late 4 spiral whorl period,and the use of substrates(scallop shells with oysters)can significantly improve the settlement and metamorphosis rate of larvae.The presence of darkness,juvenile bivalve shellfish,and oyster polysaccharide could effectively increase the rates of larval settlement and metamorphosis.Our findings broaden the understanding of settlement and metamorphosis in gastropods and can be used to improve population control,resource recovery and commercial breeding strategies for R.venosa.
