Histone modifications play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury.However,a genome-wide map of histone modifications and the underlying epigenetic signatures in myocardial I/R...Histone modifications play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury.However,a genome-wide map of histone modifications and the underlying epigenetic signatures in myocardial I/R injury have not been established.Here,we integrated transcriptome and epigenome of histone modifications to characterize epigenetic signatures after I/R injury.Disease-specific histone mark alterations were mainly found in H3K27me3-,H3K27ac-,and H3K4me1-marked regions 24 and 48 h after I/R.Genes differentially modified by H3K27ac,H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 were involved in immune response,heart conduction or contraction,cytoskeleton,and angiogenesis.H3K27me3 and its methyltransferase polycomb repressor complex 2(PRC2)were upregulated in myocardial tissues after I/R.Upon selective inhibition of EZH2(the catalytic core of PRC2),the mice manifest improved cardiac function,enhanced angiogenesis,and reduced fibrosis.Further investigations confirmed that EZH2 inhibition regulated H3K27me3 modification of multiple pro-angiogenic genes and ultimately enhanced angiogenic properties in vivo and in vitro.This study delineates a landscape of histone modifications in myocardial I/R injury,and identifies H3K27me3 as a key epigenetic modifier in I/R process.The inhibition of H3K27me3 and its methyltransferase might be a potential strategy for myocardial I/R injury intervention.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that can be secreted by all tested types of brain cells.Being a key intercellular communicator,EVs have emerged as a key contributor to the pathogen...Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that can be secreted by all tested types of brain cells.Being a key intercellular communicator,EVs have emerged as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)including Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease through delivery of bioactive cargos within the central nervous system(CNS).Importantly,CNS cell-derived EVs can be purified via immunoprecipitation,and EV cargos with altered levels have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of NDs.Given the essential impact of EVs on the pathogenesis of NDs,pathological EVs have been considered as therapeutic targets and EVs with therapeutic effects have been utilized as potential therapeutic agents or drug delivery platforms for the treatment of NDs.In this review,we focus on recent research progress on the pathological roles of EVs released from CNS cells in the pathogenesis of NDs,summarize findings that identify CNS-derived EV cargos as potential biomarkers to diagnose NDs,and comprehensively discuss promising potential of EVs as therapeutic targets,agents,and drug delivery systems in treating NDs,together with current concerns and challenges for basic research and clinical applications of EVs regarding NDs.展开更多
Dear Editor,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the No.1 cause of dementia in elderly with no effective treatments.1 The application of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(EV...Dear Editor,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the No.1 cause of dementia in elderly with no effective treatments.1 The application of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.2 EVs are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that display blood-brain barrier(BBB)penetrating ability and similar potency to their parental cells.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82088101,81930013,82000377,31871491)the National Key Research and Development Plan (2019YFA0801501)+5 种基金Key Research Center Construction Project of Shanghai (2022ZZ01008)Shanghai Key clinical specialty Project (shslczdzk06202)Key Disciplines Group Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai (PWZxq2017-05)Top-level Clinical Discipline Project of Shanghai Pudong District (PWYgf2021-01)Program for the Research Unit of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU045)Innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai and a key laboratory program of the Education Commission of Shanghai Municipality (ZDSYS14005)。
文摘Histone modifications play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury.However,a genome-wide map of histone modifications and the underlying epigenetic signatures in myocardial I/R injury have not been established.Here,we integrated transcriptome and epigenome of histone modifications to characterize epigenetic signatures after I/R injury.Disease-specific histone mark alterations were mainly found in H3K27me3-,H3K27ac-,and H3K4me1-marked regions 24 and 48 h after I/R.Genes differentially modified by H3K27ac,H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 were involved in immune response,heart conduction or contraction,cytoskeleton,and angiogenesis.H3K27me3 and its methyltransferase polycomb repressor complex 2(PRC2)were upregulated in myocardial tissues after I/R.Upon selective inhibition of EZH2(the catalytic core of PRC2),the mice manifest improved cardiac function,enhanced angiogenesis,and reduced fibrosis.Further investigations confirmed that EZH2 inhibition regulated H3K27me3 modification of multiple pro-angiogenic genes and ultimately enhanced angiogenic properties in vivo and in vitro.This study delineates a landscape of histone modifications in myocardial I/R injury,and identifies H3K27me3 as a key epigenetic modifier in I/R process.The inhibition of H3K27me3 and its methyltransferase might be a potential strategy for myocardial I/R injury intervention.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971145 and No.82271477 to X.X.,No.91949204 and 81830037 to J.C.Z.).
文摘Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that can be secreted by all tested types of brain cells.Being a key intercellular communicator,EVs have emerged as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)including Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease through delivery of bioactive cargos within the central nervous system(CNS).Importantly,CNS cell-derived EVs can be purified via immunoprecipitation,and EV cargos with altered levels have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of NDs.Given the essential impact of EVs on the pathogenesis of NDs,pathological EVs have been considered as therapeutic targets and EVs with therapeutic effects have been utilized as potential therapeutic agents or drug delivery platforms for the treatment of NDs.In this review,we focus on recent research progress on the pathological roles of EVs released from CNS cells in the pathogenesis of NDs,summarize findings that identify CNS-derived EV cargos as potential biomarkers to diagnose NDs,and comprehensively discuss promising potential of EVs as therapeutic targets,agents,and drug delivery systems in treating NDs,together with current concerns and challenges for basic research and clinical applications of EVs regarding NDs.
基金We thank Dr.Xinrui Qi,Jie Zhu,Yanyan Zhang,Huiran Wu,Meng Shi,and Jiazhen Qian for technical assistances and proofreading the manuscript.This work was supported in part by research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91949204 and No.81830037 to J.C.Z.,No.81971145 and No.82271477 to X.X.,No.82001116 to G.G.)Shanghai Health and Wellness Committee,Basic Scientific Research Project,(No.20204Y0031 to Y.W.).
文摘Dear Editor,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the No.1 cause of dementia in elderly with no effective treatments.1 The application of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.2 EVs are small bilipid layer-enclosed vesicles that display blood-brain barrier(BBB)penetrating ability and similar potency to their parental cells.