采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(solid phase micro-extration coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,SPME-GC-MS)技术,以黄酒的挥发性风味物质作为研究指标,比较了生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒的挥发性风味物质的代谢...采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(solid phase micro-extration coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,SPME-GC-MS)技术,以黄酒的挥发性风味物质作为研究指标,比较了生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒的挥发性风味物质的代谢差异。结果表明,生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造的黄酒在挥发性风味物质的含量和种类上存在一定差异;采用电子鼻和电子舌对3组黄酒的滋味区分得知,熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒的风味相似,但它们与生麦曲酿造黄酒的风味具有明显差异;通过主成分分析得知,高级醇和乙酯类物质的代谢差异是影响生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒风味差异的主要因素,包括异戊醇、苯乙醇、异丁醇、乙酸乙酯、正己酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯、癸酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯、苯甲酸乙酯、十四酸乙酯、软脂酸乙酯、油酸乙酯和亚油酸乙酯。研究结果初步阐明了生麦曲和熟麦曲在酿造黄酒的风味代谢差异,确定了主要的差异风味物质,为控制黄酒工业化生产过程中的风味提供了理论基础。展开更多
In order to quickly detect the rancidification of Huangjiu in pottery jars,this study developed a fast detection method based on the principle of electrical conductivity changes caused by microbial contamination.The c...In order to quickly detect the rancidification of Huangjiu in pottery jars,this study developed a fast detection method based on the principle of electrical conductivity changes caused by microbial contamination.The change in total acid in Huangjiu was positively correlated with the increase of electrical conductivity.This method was applied to an online monitoring system for Huangjiu storage in stainless steel tanks.When the electrical conductivity exceeds the normal fluctuation range(mean+3 standard deviations)of previous data,the monitoring system recognizes microbial contamination.By optimizing the conductivity-temperature compensation coefficient and conductivity statistical method,the standard deviation of the method was reduced and the sensitivity of microbial pollution monitoring was improved.The ranges of conductivity and compensation coefficient of common types of Huangjiu were estimated.Interference in conductivity measurements due to environmental factors was minimised through the synchronous comparison of conductivity data for multiple tanks of Huangjiu.The standard deviation,which indicates the fluctuation range of the system,decreased from 143 to 2μS/cm.The monitoring system was then applied in Huangjiu storage tanks with capacities of 60 t and 300 t.Through the comparison of conductivity data change,the abnormal signals caused by microbial contamination during the storage of Huangjiu were found over time.Meanwhile,through offline detection of total acid in Huangjiu,the effectiveness of microbial contamination online detection was verified.展开更多
文摘采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(solid phase micro-extration coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,SPME-GC-MS)技术,以黄酒的挥发性风味物质作为研究指标,比较了生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒的挥发性风味物质的代谢差异。结果表明,生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造的黄酒在挥发性风味物质的含量和种类上存在一定差异;采用电子鼻和电子舌对3组黄酒的滋味区分得知,熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒的风味相似,但它们与生麦曲酿造黄酒的风味具有明显差异;通过主成分分析得知,高级醇和乙酯类物质的代谢差异是影响生麦曲、熟麦曲和混合曲酿造黄酒风味差异的主要因素,包括异戊醇、苯乙醇、异丁醇、乙酸乙酯、正己酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯、癸酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯、苯甲酸乙酯、十四酸乙酯、软脂酸乙酯、油酸乙酯和亚油酸乙酯。研究结果初步阐明了生麦曲和熟麦曲在酿造黄酒的风味代谢差异,确定了主要的差异风味物质,为控制黄酒工业化生产过程中的风味提供了理论基础。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32072205 and 22138004)the first phase of the connotation construction of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Tibetan medicine(No.2021ZYYGH008),China.
文摘In order to quickly detect the rancidification of Huangjiu in pottery jars,this study developed a fast detection method based on the principle of electrical conductivity changes caused by microbial contamination.The change in total acid in Huangjiu was positively correlated with the increase of electrical conductivity.This method was applied to an online monitoring system for Huangjiu storage in stainless steel tanks.When the electrical conductivity exceeds the normal fluctuation range(mean+3 standard deviations)of previous data,the monitoring system recognizes microbial contamination.By optimizing the conductivity-temperature compensation coefficient and conductivity statistical method,the standard deviation of the method was reduced and the sensitivity of microbial pollution monitoring was improved.The ranges of conductivity and compensation coefficient of common types of Huangjiu were estimated.Interference in conductivity measurements due to environmental factors was minimised through the synchronous comparison of conductivity data for multiple tanks of Huangjiu.The standard deviation,which indicates the fluctuation range of the system,decreased from 143 to 2μS/cm.The monitoring system was then applied in Huangjiu storage tanks with capacities of 60 t and 300 t.Through the comparison of conductivity data change,the abnormal signals caused by microbial contamination during the storage of Huangjiu were found over time.Meanwhile,through offline detection of total acid in Huangjiu,the effectiveness of microbial contamination online detection was verified.
