Expression of telomerase activity and oxidative stress in human hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis

AIM: To study the expression and significance of telomerase activity and oxidative stress in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cirrhosis.METHODS: In this study, TRAP-ELISA assay was used to determine telomerase activity in 21 cases of HCC as well as in 23 cases of hepatic cirrhosis. Malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione S-transferase (GST) and total anti-oxidative capacity (T-AOC) were also examined in the same samples with human MDA, GST and T-AOC kits.RESULTS: Eighteen of 21 cases of HCC were found to have increased telomerase activity, whereas only three of the 23non-cancerous cirrhotic samples were found to have weak telomerase activity, and the difference was significant (P＜0.001). No significant difference in telomerase activity was detected according to different tumor size, tumor stage,histological grade, HBsAg, contents of albumin, bilirubin,ALT, AFP, r-GT and platelet. There were significant differences between HCC and cirrhosis in the expression of MDA, GST and T-AOC respectively. Telomerase activity correlated positively with the content of MDA (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Telomerase activation is the early event of carcinogenesis, which is not correlated with clinicopathological factors of HCC. The dysfunction of the anti-oxidative system is closely correlated with the progression from cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress may contribute partly to telomerase activation.

Oxymatrine therapy for chronic hepatitis B:A randomized doubleblind and placebo-controlled multi-center trial

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of capsule oxymatrine in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: A randomised double-blind and placebocontrolled multicenter trial was conducted. Injection of oxymatrine was used as positive-control drug. A total of 216 patients with chronic hepatitis B entered the study for 24 weeks, of them 108 received capsule oxymatrine, 36 received injection of oxymatrine, and 72 received placebo.After and before the treatment, clinical symptoms, liver function, serum hepatitis B virus markers, and adverse drug reaction were observed.RESULTS: Among the 216 patients, six were dropped off,and 11 inconsistent with the standard were excluded.Therefore, the efficacy and safety of oxymatrine in patients were analysed. In the capsule treated patients, 76.47 % became normal in ALT level, 38.61% and 31.91% became negative both in HBV DNA and in HBeAg. In the injection treated patients, 83.33 % became normal in ALT level,43.33 % and 39.29 % became negative both in HBV DNA and in HBeAg. In the placebo treated patients, 40.00 % became normal in ALT level, 7.46 % and 6.45 % became negative both in HBV DNA and in HBeAg. The rates of complete response and partial response were 24.51% and 57.84 % in the capsule treated patients, and 33.33 % and 50.00 % in the injection treated patients, and 2.99 % and 41.79 % in the placebo treated patients, respectively.There was no significance between the two groups of patients, but both were significantly higher than the placebo. The adverse drug reaction rates of the capsule,injection and placebo were 7.77 %, 6.67 % and 8.82 %,respectively. There was no statistically significant difference among them.CONCLUSION: Oxymatrine is an effective and safe agent for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Relationship between clinical and pathologic findings in patients with chronic liver diseases

AIM: To explore the relationship between clinical findings of patients with chronic liver diseases and the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues.METHODS: The inflammatory activity and fibrosis of consecutive liver biopsies from 200 patients were determined according to the diagnosis criteria of chronic hepatitis in China established in 1995. A comparative analysis was carried out for 200 patients with chronic liver diseases by comparing their clinical manifestations, serum biochemical markers with the grading and staging of liver tissues.RESULTS: It was revealed that age, index of clinical symptoms and physical signs were obviously relevant to the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues (P＜0.05). Blood platelet, red blood cells, aspartate aminotransferase (AST),N-terminal procollagen Ⅲ (PⅢ NP) were apparently correlated with the degree of inflammation. PGA (prothrombin time,GGT, apoprotein A1) index, PGAA (PGA+△2-macroglobublin)index, albumin and albumin/globulin were relevant to both inflammation and fibrosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was an accurate variable for the severity of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The combination of serum markers for fibrosis could increase the diagnostic accuracy. It was notable that viral replication markers were not relevant to the degree of inflammation and fibrosis.CONCLUSION: There is a good correlation between clinical findings and the pathologic grading and staging of liver tissues, which may give aid to the noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

Capsule oxymatrine in treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to chronic viral hepatitis:A randomized,double blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical study

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxymatrine capsule in treatment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. METHODS: It was a randomized, double blind, placebocontrolled, multicenter clinical study. One hundred and fortyfour patients were divided into oxymatrine capsule group (group A) and placebo group (group B). The course was 52wk. Patients were visited once every 12wk and the last visit was at 12wk after cessation of the treatment. All patients had liver biopsy before treatment, part of them had a second biopsy at the end of therapy. Clinical symptoms, liver function test, serum markers of hepatic fibrosis were tested. Ultrasound evaluation was performed before, during and at the end of therapy. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-four patients enrolled in the study. Of them 132 patients completed the study according to the protocol, 49 patients had liver biopsy twice (25 patients in group A and 24 in group 13). At the end of therapy, significant improvements in hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory activity based on Semi-quantitative scoring system (SSS) were achieved in group A. The total effective rate of the treatment was 48.00%, much higher than that of 4.17% in group B (P<0.05). Significant improvement in serum markers of hepatic fibrosis such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and type Ⅲ procollagenic peptide (PⅢ P) in group A was seen (P<0.05). The total effective rate of serum markers at the end of therapy in group A was 68.19%, much higher than that of 34.85% in group B (P<0.05). The total effective rate of noninvasive markers at the end of therapy in group A was 66.67%, much higher than that of 30.30% in group B (P<0.05). The rate of adverse events was similar in two groups. CONCLUSION: Oxymatrine capsule is effective and safe in treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to chronic viral hepatitis.

Grading and staging of hepatic fibrosis,and its relationship with noninvasive diagnostic parameters

AIM: To explore the grade and stage of pathology and the relationship between grading and staging of hepatic fibrosis and noninvasive diagnostic parameters.METHODS: Inflammatory activity and fibrosis of consecutive liver biopsies from 200 patients with chronic liver disease were determined according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Chronic Hepatitis in China, 1995. A comparative analysis was made in these patients comparing serum markers,Doppler ultrasonography, CT and/or MR imaging with the findings of liver biopsy.RESULTS: With increase of inflammatory activity, the degree of fibrosis also rose. There was a close correlation between liver fibrosis and inflammatory activity. AST, GGT, albumin,albumin/globulin, ALP, AFP, hyaluronic acid, N-terminal procollagen Ⅲ(P Ⅲ NP), collagen type Ⅳ(Col Ⅳ), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1), alpha-2-macroglobulin, natural killer cells(NK), some parameters of Doppler ultrasonography, CT and/or MR imaging were all related to the degree of inflammatory activity. GGT, albumin,albumin/globulin, ALP, AFP, hyaluronic acid, Col Ⅳ, TIMP1, alpha-2- macroglobulin, transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGFβ1), NK, some parameters of Doppler ultrasonography,CT and/or MR imaging were all related to the staging of fibrosis. By regression analysis, the parameters used in combination to differentiate the presence or absence of fibrosis were age, GGT, the parameter of blood flow of portal vein per minute, the maximum oblique diameter of right liver by B ultrasound, the wavy hepatic surface contour by CT and/or MR. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the above parameters were 80.36 %, 86.67 %, and 81.10 %,respectively.CONCLUSION: There is close correlation between liver fibrosis and inflammatory activity. The grading and staging of liver fibrosis are related to serum markers, Doppler ultrasonography, CT and/or MR imaging. The combinationof the above mentioned noninvasive parameters are quite sensitive and specific in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Treatment Analysis for Gastric Carcinoma in Stage Ⅲ

OBJECTIVE To study the clinicopathological and surgical treatment ofgastric carcinoma in stage Ⅲ.METHODS A total of 484 cases ot gastric carcfnoma were treateo with different methods and their efficacy evaluated. These included 114 and 102 cases with D2 and D3 lymphadenectomy, respectively, 48 with intraoperative radiation therapy (IQRT) and 18 with peritoneal infusingchemotherapy combined with TIL.RESULTS The total rate of lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) was 79.5% (384/484) and the degree of LNM 41.2% (4169/10121). The incidence of LNM of N1, N2, N3 and N4 was 68.8%, 34.6%, 19.6% and 3.5%, respectively. The rate of serosa linking to peripheral tissues or organs was 23.15% (112/484) including 12.5% cancerous linkage. The survival rates for patients treated with D3 lymphadenectomy at 1 -, 3- 5- 8- and 10-years were significantlyhigher than that for D2 lymphadenectomy. The 5-year survival rate with application of IORT increased remarkably compared to the operation-alone group. Peritoneal lavage with 2000 ml of 43~C distilled water before closure of the abdominachemotherapy withmetastasis.ncision and postoperative peritoneal infusing TIL significantly decreased the rate of peritonea metastasis.CONCLUSION Due to the specificity of gastric carcinoma in stage Ⅲ, the surgical principles are to perform an extensive radical operation, in combination with IORT plus different peritoneal infusing therapy to improve the long term survival rate.

Computer Aided Design of Heat Treatment for AISI P20+Ni Mold Steel with Good Machinability

Computer aided design of heat treatment for AISI P20 mold steel with good machinability is attempted to proceed by the commercial software package Thermo-Calc (TCP+DICTRA). Through experimental and theoretical analysis of phase transformation during heat treatment, further knowledge of designing proper heat treatment is obtained. Then the machinability of AISI P20+Ni steel under given heat treatment condition is studied and the influencing factors to their machinability are analyzed. It is shown that heat treatment designed by computer simulation of carbide transformation is applicable to AISI P20+Ni steel with good machinability; AISI P20+Ni steel with tempered sorbite treated by quenching & tempering has optimal machinability; normalizing at the temperature of 910°C & tempering can avoid cracking and result in acceptable machinability in small thickness module.

MEASUREMENT OF ANTISPERM ANTIBODY IN SERUM AND SEMINAL PLASMA BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY AFTER INJECTION OF SODIUM MORRHUATE

The antifertility effect of epididymal injection of Sodium Morrhuate ( SM ) via the vas deferens as a new contraceptive method for males is definitely positive. However, the mechanism of its action has not been well understood. Further research in this field

STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VARIOUS DOSES OF SODIUM MORRHUATE AND THE SPERM COUNT

Following the establishment of the artificial vsgins sperm collecting method the relationship between the various doses of Sodium morrhuate morrhuate ( SM ) and the sperm count was studied.

POTENTIAL USES OF A TRIAL OF BREAST SELF EXAMINATION IN SHANGHAI FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OF FERTILITY REGULATION

A randomized trial of breast self examination will be initiated in November 1989. Approximately 300,000 women between 30 and 64 years of age who are current or retired workers in the Shanghai Textile Industry Bureau will be randomly allocated to

FUNCTONAL DIFFERENTIATION IN PROGESTERONE PRODUCTION BY TWO TYPES OF HUMAN LUTEALCELLS

Suspensions of luteal cells were obtained from human corpora lutea in mid-luteal phase (day 19-23) by enzymatic dispersion. Enriched fractions of large and small luteal cells were prepared by centrifugation on a stepped gradient of Pcrcoll.

Clinical Study on Acupuncture Treatment of Atrophic Gastritis with Reducing within Reinforcing Manipulations

目的:观察针灸治疗萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效.方法:取中脘、足三里穴,用阳中隐阴法治疗38例萎缩性胃炎患者,评定疗效,并与药物组进行疗效比较.结果:针灸组与药物组临床综合疗效比较,有效率分别为81.6%和84.2%,两者统计学处理P＞0.05,临床无显著性差异.结论:表明针灸治疗萎缩性胃炎具有与药物相同的治疗效果.

Clinical Observation on Acupuncture Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia

目的:观察针刺治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效.方法:根据中医经络理论选择以足三里等穴位,用平补平泻手法,辅以电针治疗功能性消化不良,并以常用西药多潘立酮作为对照进行临床观察.结果与结论:针刺组总有效率93.8%,显效率为63.3%,药物组分别为82.3%和43.1%,针刺组治疗非特异型功能性消化不良疗效好于药物组(P＜0.05);治疗动力障碍型者,两者无明显差异(P＞0.05),疗效均较突出.