In this research,molecular structure models were developed respectively for Shenhua coal vitrinite concentrates(SDV)and inertinite concentrates(SDI),on the basis of information on constitutional unit of Shenhau coal a...In this research,molecular structure models were developed respectively for Shenhua coal vitrinite concentrates(SDV)and inertinite concentrates(SDI),on the basis of information on constitutional unit of Shenhau coal and elemental analysis results obtained from^(13)C-NMR analysis characterization,FTIR analysis characterization,X-ray diffraction XRD and XPS analysis characterization.It can be observed from characterization data and molecular structure models that the structure of SDV and SDI is dominated by aromatic hydrocarbon,with aromaticity of SDI higher than that of SDV;SDV mainly consists of small molecule basic structure unit,while SDI is largely made from macromolecular structure unit.Based on bond-level parameters of the molecular model,the research found through the autoclave experiment that vitrinite liquefaction process goes under thermodynamics control and inertinite liquefaction process under dynamics control.The research developed an efficient directional direct coal liquefaction technology based on the maceral characteristics of Shenhua coal,which can effectively improve oil yield and lower gas yield.展开更多
To optimize industrial Fischer–Tropsch(FT) synthesis with the slurry bubble column reactor(SBCR) and ironbased catalyst, a comprehensive process model for FT synthesis that includes a detailed SBCR model, gas liquid ...To optimize industrial Fischer–Tropsch(FT) synthesis with the slurry bubble column reactor(SBCR) and ironbased catalyst, a comprehensive process model for FT synthesis that includes a detailed SBCR model, gas liquid separation model, simplified CO_2 removal model and tail gas cycle model was developed. An effective iteration algorithm was proposed to solve this process model, and the model was validated by industrial demonstration experiments data(SBCR with 5.8 m diameter and 30 m height), with a maximum relative error b 10% for predicting the SBCR performances. Subsequently, the proposed model was adopted to optimize the industrial SBCR performances simultaneously considering process and reactor parameters variations. The results show that C_(5+) yield increases as catalyst loading increases within 10–70 ton and syngas H_2/CO value decreases within1.3–1.6, but it doesn't increase obviously when the catalyst loading exceeds 45 ton(about 15 wt% concentration).Higher catalyst loading will result in higher difficulty for wax/catalyst separation and higher catalyst cost. Therefore, the catalyst loading(45 ton) is recommended for the industrial demonstration SBCR operation at syngas H_2/CO = 1.3, and the C_(5+) yield is about 402 ton" per day, which has an about 16% increase than the industrial demonstration run result.展开更多
The study firstly discusses the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and then investigates the pyrolysis of lignite and co-pyrolysis with plastic(polyethylene or polypropylene)in t...The study firstly discusses the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and then investigates the pyrolysis of lignite and co-pyrolysis with plastic(polyethylene or polypropylene)in tube furnace.Meanwhile,the research focuses on the co-pyrolysis products under different mixing ratios as well as pyrolysis products at different testing temperatures and heating rates.The results show that higher final testing temperature and lower heating rate contribute to bond fission in lignite pyrolysis,resulting in less char product.In co-pyrolysis,lignite acts as hydrogen donor,and the yields of char and water rise with increasing amount of plastic in the mixture,while the yields of gas and tar decrease;and a little admixture of plastic will promote the production of gas and tar.Kinetic studies indicate that in temperature range of 530–600°C,activation energies of lignite are higher than those of lignite/plastic blends,and as plastic mass ratio increases from 0%to 10%,samples need less energy to be decomposed during co-pyrolysis.展开更多
Based on the sharp contradiction between the economic benefits and adverse ecological impact of coal development in China's west,this paper establishes an evaluation model for the synergetic eco-environmental deve...Based on the sharp contradiction between the economic benefits and adverse ecological impact of coal development in China's west,this paper establishes an evaluation model for the synergetic eco-environmental development in Shendong Coal Mining Area through using synergism of five laws and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The analysis on synergy between large-scale coal mining and the eco-environment protection in Shendong is also conducted,arriving at the conclusion that synergetics of Shendong 's eco-environment protection is"good". And thus,the result sheds light on the fact that while working to quench China's energy demand on its path towards a modernized large coal mine complex,Shendong,as part of Shenhua Group's mining operation,has applied innovative management concepts and models to improve eco-environment for harmony and win-win results between resource exploration and environmental protection.展开更多
A set of adaptable conditions classification of aquifer-protective mining in thelongwall coalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was put forward to deal withthe conflict between water protection and high eff...A set of adaptable conditions classification of aquifer-protective mining in thelongwall coalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was put forward to deal withthe conflict between water protection and high efficiency for the mining field in west China.This classification was suitable for shallow coal seams with different thickness and wasbeneficial to the local environmental protection.Using the 3-Universal Distinct ElementCode (3DEC) numerical software, the height of the fractured zones for shallow coal seamswith thin bedrock was calculated and analyzed, and its predicting formula was achieved.Meanwhile, according to the lithology and the weathering degree of the shallow coal seam,the thickness of the protective layer was determined as 10 m and the overlying water bodyof loose water-bearing sand for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was divided intothree types, namely, weak, medium and strong.Based on these, the necessary bedrockthickness of the longwall coalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was confinedaccording to the different mining height and water yield nature of the overlying loose water-bearing sand.Combined with the present mining status, a set of new methods ofadaptable conditions classification of aquifer-protective mining technology in the longwallcoalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was put forward.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Engineering Labo-ratory of Direct Coal Liquefaction(MZY-16).
文摘In this research,molecular structure models were developed respectively for Shenhua coal vitrinite concentrates(SDV)and inertinite concentrates(SDI),on the basis of information on constitutional unit of Shenhau coal and elemental analysis results obtained from^(13)C-NMR analysis characterization,FTIR analysis characterization,X-ray diffraction XRD and XPS analysis characterization.It can be observed from characterization data and molecular structure models that the structure of SDV and SDI is dominated by aromatic hydrocarbon,with aromaticity of SDI higher than that of SDV;SDV mainly consists of small molecule basic structure unit,while SDI is largely made from macromolecular structure unit.Based on bond-level parameters of the molecular model,the research found through the autoclave experiment that vitrinite liquefaction process goes under thermodynamics control and inertinite liquefaction process under dynamics control.The research developed an efficient directional direct coal liquefaction technology based on the maceral characteristics of Shenhua coal,which can effectively improve oil yield and lower gas yield.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0602500)
文摘To optimize industrial Fischer–Tropsch(FT) synthesis with the slurry bubble column reactor(SBCR) and ironbased catalyst, a comprehensive process model for FT synthesis that includes a detailed SBCR model, gas liquid separation model, simplified CO_2 removal model and tail gas cycle model was developed. An effective iteration algorithm was proposed to solve this process model, and the model was validated by industrial demonstration experiments data(SBCR with 5.8 m diameter and 30 m height), with a maximum relative error b 10% for predicting the SBCR performances. Subsequently, the proposed model was adopted to optimize the industrial SBCR performances simultaneously considering process and reactor parameters variations. The results show that C_(5+) yield increases as catalyst loading increases within 10–70 ton and syngas H_2/CO value decreases within1.3–1.6, but it doesn't increase obviously when the catalyst loading exceeds 45 ton(about 15 wt% concentration).Higher catalyst loading will result in higher difficulty for wax/catalyst separation and higher catalyst cost. Therefore, the catalyst loading(45 ton) is recommended for the industrial demonstration SBCR operation at syngas H_2/CO = 1.3, and the C_(5+) yield is about 402 ton" per day, which has an about 16% increase than the industrial demonstration run result.
基金the financial support from the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Special Found of International S&T Cooperation Project of China (No.2010DFA72730)
文摘The study firstly discusses the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and then investigates the pyrolysis of lignite and co-pyrolysis with plastic(polyethylene or polypropylene)in tube furnace.Meanwhile,the research focuses on the co-pyrolysis products under different mixing ratios as well as pyrolysis products at different testing temperatures and heating rates.The results show that higher final testing temperature and lower heating rate contribute to bond fission in lignite pyrolysis,resulting in less char product.In co-pyrolysis,lignite acts as hydrogen donor,and the yields of char and water rise with increasing amount of plastic in the mixture,while the yields of gas and tar decrease;and a little admixture of plastic will promote the production of gas and tar.Kinetic studies indicate that in temperature range of 530–600°C,activation energies of lignite are higher than those of lignite/plastic blends,and as plastic mass ratio increases from 0%to 10%,samples need less energy to be decomposed during co-pyrolysis.
文摘Based on the sharp contradiction between the economic benefits and adverse ecological impact of coal development in China's west,this paper establishes an evaluation model for the synergetic eco-environmental development in Shendong Coal Mining Area through using synergism of five laws and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The analysis on synergy between large-scale coal mining and the eco-environment protection in Shendong is also conducted,arriving at the conclusion that synergetics of Shendong 's eco-environment protection is"good". And thus,the result sheds light on the fact that while working to quench China's energy demand on its path towards a modernized large coal mine complex,Shendong,as part of Shenhua Group's mining operation,has applied innovative management concepts and models to improve eco-environment for harmony and win-win results between resource exploration and environmental protection.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50904063)the 2007 Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety(07KF09)Scientific Research Foundation of China University of Mining & Technology(2008A003,2005B002)
文摘A set of adaptable conditions classification of aquifer-protective mining in thelongwall coalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was put forward to deal withthe conflict between water protection and high efficiency for the mining field in west China.This classification was suitable for shallow coal seams with different thickness and wasbeneficial to the local environmental protection.Using the 3-Universal Distinct ElementCode (3DEC) numerical software, the height of the fractured zones for shallow coal seamswith thin bedrock was calculated and analyzed, and its predicting formula was achieved.Meanwhile, according to the lithology and the weathering degree of the shallow coal seam,the thickness of the protective layer was determined as 10 m and the overlying water bodyof loose water-bearing sand for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was divided intothree types, namely, weak, medium and strong.Based on these, the necessary bedrockthickness of the longwall coalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was confinedaccording to the different mining height and water yield nature of the overlying loose water-bearing sand.Combined with the present mining status, a set of new methods ofadaptable conditions classification of aquifer-protective mining technology in the longwallcoalface for shallow coal seams with thin bedrock was put forward.
