小鼠骨骼肌挫伤后基因表达的时间进程（英文）

Background:Though the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration are deeply understood,those involved in muscle contusion,one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine clinics,are not.The objective of this study is to explore the mechanisms involved in muscle regeneration after contusion injury.Methods:In this study,a total of 72 mice were used.Eight of them were randomly chosen for the control group,while the rest were subjected to muscle contusion.Subsequently,their gastrocnemius muscles were harvested at different time points.The changes in muscle morphology were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) stain.In addition,the gene expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:The data showed that the expression of many genes,i.e.,specific markers of immune cells and satellite cells,regulatory factors for muscle regeneration,cytokines,and chemokines,increased in the early stages of recovery,especially in the first 3 days.Furthermore,there were strict rules in the expression of these genes.However,almost all the genes returned to normal at 14 days post-injury.Conclusion:The sequence of immune cells invaded after muscle contusion was neutrophils,M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages.Some CC(CCL2,CCL3,and CCL4) and CXC(CXCL10) chemokines may be involved in the chemotaxis of these immune cells.HGF may be the primary factor to activate the satellite cells after muscle contusion.Moreover,2 weeks are needed to recover when acute contusion happens as used in this study.

Effect of cognitive behavior therapy combined with exercise intervention on the cognitive bias and coping styles of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common digestive system disease with a high incidence rate and is common in women.The cause of IBS remains unclear.Some studies have shown that mental and psychological diseases are independent risk factors for IBS.At present,the treatment of IBS is mainly symptomatic treatment.Clinically,doctors also use cognitive behavioral therapy to improve patients'cognitive ability to diseases and clinical symptoms.In recent years,exercise therapy has attracted more and more attention from scholars.Improving the symptoms of IBS patients through psychosomatic treatment strategy may be a good treatment method.AIM To explore the effects of an intervention of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with exercise(CBT+E)on the cognitive bias and coping styles of patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D);and to provide a theoretical reference for the management of IBS.METHODS Sixty IBS-D patients and thirty healthy subjects were selected.The 60 IBS-D patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group was treated with the CBT+E intervention,while the control group was treated with conventional drugs without any additional intervention.The cognitive bias and coping styles of the participants were evaluated at baseline and after 6 wk,12 wk and 24 wk using the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire(ATQ),Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale(DAS)and Pain Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ)instruments,and the intervention effect was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 statistical software.RESULTS At baseline,the scores on the various scales showed that all subjects had cognitive bias and adverse coping styles.The IBS Symptom Severity Scale(IBSSSS)scores,ATQ total scores,DAS scores and CSQ scores of the two groups were not significantly different(P>0.05).Compared with baseline,after 6 wk of the CBT+E intervention,there were significant differences in the ATQ scores,the dependence and total scores on the DAS,and the catastrophization,distraction and prayer scores on the CSQ(P<0.05).After 12 wk,there were significant differences in the scores for perfectionism on the DAS and in the scores for reinterpretation,neglect and pain behavior on the CSQ in the experimental group(P<0.05).After 24 wk,there were significant differences in the vulnerability,dependence,perfectionism,and total scores on the DAS and in the catastrophization,distraction and prayer scores on the CSQ in the experimental group(P<0.01).The IBS-SSS scores were negatively correlated with the ATQ and DAS total scores(P<0.05)but were positively correlated with the CSQ total score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Intervention consisting of CBT+E can correct the cognitive bias of IBS-D patients and eliminate their adverse coping conditions.CBT+E should be promoted for IBS and psychosomatic diseases.

Effects of different acupuncture methods combined with routine rehabilitation on gait of stroke patients

BACKGROUND Stroke refers to a group of cerebrovascular diseases associated with organic braininjury. It is characterized by the sudden and rapid onset of focal or diffusedysfunction. In recent years, in addition to routine treatment, Chinese medicineacupuncture has been administered to patients with hemiplegia, and it can beconsidered a new treatment for rehabilitation.AIM To investigate the effects of eye acupuncture needle retention and bodyacupuncture combined with routine rehabilitation on gait performance andplantar pressure in patients recovering from stroke.METHODS Thirty-two stroke patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly dividedinto an experimental group and a control group, with 16 patients in each group.Both groups underwent routine rehabilitation. The experimental group wastreated by eye acupuncture needle retention, and the control group was treated bybody acupuncture. Before and after 4 wk of treatment, both groups underwentkinematic and plantar pressure synchronous tests to assess gait performance.RESULTS The step length, gait speed, step frequency, joint angles of the lower limbs, andground reaction force impulse in the anterior region of the affected foot in bothgroups significantly increased from before to after treatment (P < 0.05);the center of mass displacement, peak pressure values, and impulse in the anterior region ofthe healthy foot and posterior regions of both the affected and healthy feetsignificantly decreased from before to after treatment (P < 0.05). The patients inthe experimental group showed greater improvement in the following parametersthan the control group: Step length, gait speed, step frequency, lower extremityjoint angles, center of gravity displacement, and peak pressure values andimpulse in the anterior and posterior regions of both the affected and healthy feet(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Eye acupuncture needle retention and body acupuncture combined with routinerehabilitation can effectively improve the gait performance of patients recoveringfrom stroke. Between these two treatments, eye acupuncture needle retentioncombined with routine treatment is better than body acupuncture, and it can beconsidered a practical and effective clinical treatment.

Gait analysis of children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy

An experiment was carried out in the key laboratory for Technique Diagnosis and Function Assessment of Winter Sports of China to investigate the differences in gait characteristics between healthy children and children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. With permission of their parents, 200 healthy children aged 3 to 6 years in the kindergarten of Northeastern University were enrolled in this experiment. Twenty children aged 3 to 6 years with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy from Shengjing Hospital, China were also enrolled in this experiment. Standard data were collected by simultaneously recording gait information from two digital cameras. DVracker was used to analyze the standard data. The children with hemiplegic cerebra palsy had a longer gait cycle, slower walking speed, and longer support phase than did the healthy children. The support phase was longer than the swing phase in the children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. There were significant differences in the angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joint between children with cerebral palsy and healthy children at the moment of touching the ground and buffering, and during pedal extension. Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy had poor motor coordination during walking, which basically resulted in a short stride, high stride frequency to maintain speed, more obvious swing, and poor stability.

Effects of cognitive behavior therapy combined with Baduanjin in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)is the most common concomitant symptom in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC).Such patients often present with subjective fatigue state accompanied by cognitive dysfunction,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.AIM To explore the effects of cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)combined with Baduanjin exercise on CRF,cognitive impairment,and quality of life in patients with CRC after chemotherapy,and to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for rehabilitation of CRC after chemotherapy.METHODS Fifty-five patients with CRC after radical resection and chemotherapy were randomly divided into either an experimental or a control group.The experimental group received the intervention of CBT combined with exercise intervention for 6 mo,and indicators were observed and measured at baseline,3 mo,and 6 mo to evaluate the intervention effect.RESULTS Compared with the baseline values,in the experimental group 3 mo after intervention,cognitive function,quality of life score,and P300 amplitude and latency changes were significantly better(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,at 3 mo,the experimental group had significant differences in CRF,P300 amplitude,and quality of life score(P<0.05),as well as significant differences in P300 latency and cognitive function(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,at 6 mo,CRF,P300 amplitude,P300 latency,cognitive function and quality of life score were further improved in the experimental group,with significant differences(P<0.01).The total score of CRF and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with quality of life(P<0.05),while the total score of cognitive impairment and the scores of each dimension were positively correlated with quality of life(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CBT combined with body-building Baduanjin exercise can improve CRF and cognitive impairment in CRC patients after chemotherapy,and improve their quality of life.

Quantized dynamic output feedback control for networked control systems

The problem of the quantized dynamic output feedback controller design for networked control systems is mainly discussed. By using the quantized information of the system measurement output and the control input, a novel networked control system model is described. This model includes many networkinduced features, such as multi-rate sampled-data, quantized signal, time-varying delay and packet dropout. By constructing suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, a less conservative stabilization criterion is established in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The quantized control strategy involves the updating values of the quantizer parameters μi（i = 1, 2）（μi take on countable sets of values which dependent on the information of the system measurement outputs and the control inputs）. Furthermore, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Engagement in outdoor physical activity under ambient fine particulate matter pollution: A risk-benefit analysis

Background:Outdoor physical activity(PA)brings important health benefits,but exposure to polluted air increases health risks.This study aimed to quantify the tradeoff of PA under fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))air pollution by estimating the optimal PA duration under various pollution levels.Methods:A risk-benefit analysis was performed to estimate the optimal outdoor moderate-intensity PA(MPA)duration under varying PM_(2.5) concentrations.Results:An inverse nonlinear relationship was identified between optimal MPA duration and background PM_(2.5) concentration levels.When background PM_(2.5) concentration increased to 186 μg/m^(3),the optimal outdoor MPA duration decreased to 2.5 h/week,the minimum level recommended by current PA guidelines.When background PM_(2.5) concentration further increased to 235 μg/m^(3),the optimal outdoor MPA duration decreased to 1 h/week.The relationship between optimal MPA duration and background PM_(2.5) concentration levels was stronger when exercising at a location closer to a source of air pollution.Compared to the general adult population,adults aged 60 years and older had substantially steeper curves—the optimal outdoor MPA duration decreased to 2.5 h/week when background PM_(2.5) concentration reached 45 μg/m^(3).Conclusion:The health benefit of outdoor MPA by far outweighs the health risk of PM_(2.5) pollution for the global average urban background concentration(22 μg/m^(3),).This modeling study examined a single type of air pollutant and suffered from measurement errors and estimation uncertainties.Future research should examine other air pollutants and indoor PA,incorporate short-and mid-term health effects of MPA and air pollution into the risk-benefit analysis,and provide estimates specific for high-risk subgroups.

Biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin on quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone level in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND With the change in people’s lifestyles,the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing.It is essential to study the efficacy of various treatment methods for CRC patients to prevent and treat CRC.AIM To investigate the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC.METHODS A total of 120 patients with CRC who were admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into four groups(n=30):the control group(group A),the biofeedback therapy intervention group(group B),the Baduanjin exercise intervention group(group C),and the combination group(group D).Patients in group A adopted the standard nursing mode and necessary health education.Patients in group B were treated with biofeedback therapy based on routine nursing care.Patients in group C were given Baduanjin intervention for 12 wk based on conventional drug treatment and care.Patients in group D were treated with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise.In this study,patients’quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical efficacy in the four groups were observed at baseline and 12 wk after intervention.Meanwhile,the correlation between gastrointestinal hormone levels and various functional areas of quality of life was analyzed.By comparing the observed indicators of patients in the four groups,the efficacy of biofeedback therapy combined with Baduanjin in improving the quality of life and gastrointestinal hormone levels of patients with CRC was explored.RESULTS At baseline,there were no significant differences in quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,or clinical efficacy among the four groups(P>0.05).Twelve weeks after the intervention,the combination group’s quality of life,gastrointestinal hormone levels,and clinical effectiveness were better than those of the three other groups.CONCLUSION On the basis of routine nursing care,patients with CRC combined with biofeedback therapy and Baduanjin exercise can improve the quality of life of patients with CRC and the efficacy of gastrointestinal hormone levels.

Network pharmacology-based strategy for predicting therapy targets of Sanqi and Huangjing in diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND A comprehensive literature search shows that Sanqi and Huangjing(SQHJ)can improve diabetes treatment in vivo and in vitro,respectively.However,the combined effects of SQHJ on diabetes mellitus(DM)are still unclear.AIM To explore the potential mechanism of Panax notoginseng(Sanqi in Chinese)and Polygonati Rhizoma(Huangjing in Chinese)for the treatment of DM using network pharmacology.METHODS The active components of SQHJ and targets were predicted and screened by network pharmacology through oral bioavailability and drug-likeness filtration using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Analysis Platform database.The potential targets for the treatment of DM were identified according to the DisGeNET database.A comparative analysis was performed to investigate the overlapping genes between active component targets and DM treatmentrelated targets.We constructed networks of the active component-target and target pathways of SQHJ using Cytoscape software and then analyzed the gene functions.Using the STRING database to perform an interaction analysis among overlapping genes and a topological analysis,the interactions between potential targets were identified.Gene Ontology(GO)function analyses and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted in DAVID.RESULTS We screened 18 active components from 157 SQHJ components,187 potential targets for active components and 115 overlapping genes for active components and DM.The network pharmacology analysis revealed that quercetin,beta-sitosterol,baicalein,etc.were the major active components.The mechanism underlying the SQHJ intervention effects in DM may involve nine core targets(TP53,AKT1,CASP3,TNF,interleukin-6,PTGS2,MMP9,JUN,and MAPK1).The screening and enrichment analysis revealed that the treatment of DM using SQHJ primarily involved 16 GO enriched terms and 13 related pathways.CONCLUSION SQHJ treatment for DM targets TP53,AKT1,CASP3,and TNF and participates in pathways in leishmaniasis and cancer.

The Application of Equivalence Theory in Chinese translation of English films

English film language differs from the written literary language in semantic, vocabulary, pronunciation and intonation.Therefore, the translation of English films should be treated in a different way. The paper tends to discuss the translation of English films under the Equivalence theory and points out the criteria of exactness, naturalness and vividness in film translation as well as the its special requirement for the purpose of giving the audience a better and enjoyable understanding of English films.

Variations in EXD3 caused congenital cataracts in three Chinese families

Congenital cataract is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by any opacity of the lens presenting at birth or in the first year of life,with an incidence of 1–6/10,000 live births in developed countries and 5–15/10,000 live births in developing countries.Congenital cataract accounts for 7.4%–15.5%of all childhood blindness,and it occurs as either a syndromic disease or an isolated(nonsyndromic)disease with or without other ocular malformations,such as microcornea.

Comparison Thigh Skeletal Muscles between Snowboarding Halfpipe Athletes and Healthy Volunteers Using Quantitative Multi-Parameter Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Rest

Background：Magnetic resonance （MR） imaging provides a unique,noninvasive diagnostic platform to quantify the physiological and biochemical variables of skeletal muscle at rest.This study was to investigate the difference in thigh skeletal muscles between snowboarding halfpipe athletes and healthy volunteers via multiparametric MR imaging.Methods：A comparative study was conducted between 12 healthy volunteers and 14 snowboarding halfpipe athletes.MR scanning targeted the left leg at the level of the proximal thigh on a 3.0T MR system.The measured parameters compared between the two groups included T1,T2,T2＊ relaxation times,fat fraction （FF）,and cross-sectional area （CSA） of the quadriceps femoris and the hamstring muscles.Statistical analysis was carried out using independent sample t-test.Interrater reliability was also assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients （ICCs）.Results：It was statistically equivalent between two groups in age,body mass index,thigh circumference,calf circumference,systolic blood pressure,and resting heart rate （all P ＞ 0.05）.However,the T1 and T2 values of the hamstring muscles in the athlete group were found to be significantly shorter than those in control group （T1：1063.3 ± 24.1 ms vs.1112.0 ± 38.2 ms in biceps femoris,1050.4 ± 31.2 ms vs.1095.0 ± 39.5 ms in semitendinosus,1053.1 ± 31.7 ms vs.1118.4 ± 40.0 ms in semimembranosus,respectively;T2：33.4 ± 0.7 ms vs.36.1 ± 1.9 ms in biceps femoris,34.6 ± 2.0 ms vs.37.0 ± 1.9 ms in semitendinosus,36.9 ± 1.5 ms vs.38.9 ± 2.4 ms in semimembranosus,respectively;all P ＜ 0.05） although T2＊ relaxation time was detected with no significant difference.The FF of the hamstring muscles was obviously less than the control group （5.5 ± 1.9％ vs.10.7 ± 4.7％,P ＜ 0.001）.In addition,the quadriceps＇ CSA in the athlete group was substantially larger than the control group （8039.0 ± 1072.3 vs.6258.2 ± 852.0 mm2,P ＜ 0.001）.Interrater reliability was excellent （ICC：0.758-0.994）.Conclusion：Multiple MR imaging parameters indicated significant differences between snowboarding halfpipe athletes and healthy volunteers in the thigh skeletal muscles.

An instrument for methodological quality assessment of single-subject finite element analysis used in computational orthopaedics

The methodological quality of subject-specific finite element analysis papers depends on the rigor of the study design and detailed description of key elements,while assessment instruments are often confined to clinical trials or quasi-experiments.This study aims to present an instrument for methodological quality assessment of singlesubject finite element analysis used in computational orthopaedics(MQSSFE).Based upon existing instruments and relevant review papers,a pilot version was developed consisting of 37 items with 6 domains,including study design and presentation of findings,subject recruitment,model reconstruction and configuration,boundary and loading conditions(simulation),model verification and validation,and model assumption and validity.We interviewed four experts in the field to assess the face validity and refined the instrument.The instrument was tested for interrater reliability among two assessors on nine finite element study papers.Also,the criterion validity was evaluated by comparing the similarity of the MQSSFE and the modified Down and Black instrument.The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.965,while the MQSSFE was significantly moderately correlated with the modified Down and Black instruments(r=0.61).We believed that MQSSFE was adequately appropriate,reliable,and valid for assessing the methodological quality for finite element studies used in computational orthopaedics.The instrument could facilitate quality assessment in the systematic reviews of finite element models and checklists for fidelity.

Supplementation with L-Carnitine Rescues Sperm Epigenetic Changes in Asthenospermic Male Semen with Altered Acetyl-L-Carnitine Levels

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the concentration of L-carnitine in semen and sperm parameters and investigate the epigenetic profile in sperm cell after L-carnitine usage.Methods:From February 2017 to February 2018,46 semen samples from asthenospermic males and 41 semen samples from healthy donors were acquired.Motility parameters were assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA,n=78)and the DNA fragmentation index(DFI)was evaluated through flow cytometry(n=86),%DFI=%cells outside main population.Other oxidative stress markers,such as reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels(n=86)and the mitochondria DNA copy numbers,were detected(n=78).The concentration of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine was detected(n=82),and methylation was analyzed(n=30).After that,we collected 13 fresh semen samples from asthenospermic males and 23 fresh semen samples from healthy donors.These samples were used in a freeze-thaw model that was used to determine whether adding L-carnitine could change sperm progressive motility(n=23),apoptosis index(n=9),and methylation analysis(n=7).In total,we have done 13 asthenospermia samples for Western blot,and except for the poor Western result,we analyzed 6 samples for H3K9ac detection,7 samples for H3K9m3 and H3K27m3 detection,and immunofluorescence(n=3).Finally,we had recruited 30 volunteers,and they were given oral administration of L-carnitine for 3 months and then collected semen samples at different time points for methylation analysis.Results:The concentration of acetyl-L-carnitine is negatively correlated with the%DFI value(r^2=0.1090;P=0.0026),and the concentration of acetyl-L-carnitine is positively correlated with sperm forward motility(r^2=0.0543;P=0.0458)and ROS(r^2=0.1854;P<0.0001),and the acetyl-L-carnitine level is negatively correlated with%DFI in asthenospermia(r^2=0.1701;P=0.0066),and the level of acetyl-L-carnitine in asthenospermic semen is significantly lower than the normal group(P=0.0419).In addition,this study indicates that adding L-carnitine significantly improved sperm motility(P=0.0325)and reduced sperm apoptosis(P=0.0032).Importantly,Western blotting(P=0.0429)and immunofluorescence staining results showed that the addition of L-carnitine reduced H3K9Me3 methylation level in sperm,respectively.Furthermore,semen samples from asthenospermic patients had reduced methylation levels in a specific region(16^thP=0.0003;17^thP=0.0016)of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoter.The 16^th methylation decreased with age(r^2=0.1564;P=0.0306),and the 17^th methylation was decreased after treatment with L-carnitine for 28 days(P=0.0341).Conclusion:L-carnitine can reduce the%DFI and also affect the methylation of the histone modification marker in sperm as a possible epigenetic regulator.

Virtual reality based multiple life skill training for intellectual disability:A multicenter randomized controlled trial

Life skill-based training is essential for intellectual disabled individuals to regain autonomy and social inclusion.Virtual reality(VR)could deliver a nascent application that is more engaging and secure.The objective of this study was to evaluate the training effects of the VR-based multiple life skill training program on life skill perfor-mance,self-efficacy,memory,cognitive and behavioral functions via a multicenter randomized controlled trial.A total of 145 intellectual disabled participants were recruited for a randomized controlled trial with three in-tervention arms:VR(n=42);traditional(n=53);and control(n=50).The life skill tasks for the interventions included 1)grocery shopping,2)cooking,and 3)kitchen cleaning.Outcome measures were performance scores for the three tasks,self-efficacy scale,digit span score,and Frontal Assessment Battery score,graded by blinded assessors.Before-after effects of each group were evaluated using separated Wilcoxon Signed-rank tests.VR sig-nificantly improved cooking,cleaning performance,and memory span,while traditional training significantly improved shopping,cooking,and cleaning tasks.The generalized estimating equation evaluated effects between groups adjusted for age,gender and intelligence quotient(IQ).VR had significantly larger improvement effects in cooking and cleaning than the control group and memory span compared to traditional training and controls groups.IQ appeared to be a significant confounder on the training effect.Future work may consider developing artificial intelligence to customize programs depending on IQ level.