Application of cross-migration theory in limb rehabilitation of stroke patients with hemiplegia

BACKGROUND Stroke is a common cause of neurological dysfunction,often resulting in hemiplegia.Thus,rehabilitation of limb function in stroke patients is an important step towards accelerating recovery and improving quality of life.AIM To investigate whether unilateral strength training in hemiplegic stroke patients could lead to cross-migration,an increase in bilateral muscle strength,and an improvement in lower limb motor function.METHODS We randomly divided 120 patients with hemiplegic stroke into two groups:Eexperimental and control groups,with 60 patients in each group.Both groups received routine rehabilitation treatment,while the experimental group additional-ly received ankle dorsiflexion resistance training on the healthy side for 6 wk.We measured the maximum voluntary contract(MVC),changes in surface electromyography(EMG),and the lower limb motor function using the simplified Fugl Meyer Motor Function Assessment Scale(FMA)before and within 1 wk after training.RESULTS The FMA score in the experimental group improved significantly compared to both their pre-training score and the control group's post-training score(P<0.05).The integrated EMG of the anterior tibialis muscle and pulmonary intestine muscle in the experimental group were significantly different after training than before(P<0.05).Furthermore,the MVC of the anterior tibialis muscle on both the healthy and affected sides and the MVC of the pulmonary intestine muscle on both sides showed significant improvement compared with before training and the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ankle dorsiflexion resistance training on the healthy side in hemiplegic stroke patients can increase strength in the opposite tibialis anterior muscle and antagonist's muscle,indicating a cross-migration phenomenon of strength training.Furthermore,this type of training can also improve lower limb motor function,providing a new exercise method for improving early ankle dorsiflexion dysfunction.

Changes of retinal vessel density in low to moderate myopic eyes with orthokeratology evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography

AIM:To explore the effect of orthokeratology(OK)fitting on retinal vessel density in low to moderate myopia adolescents by using optical coherence tomography angiography.METHODS:Children aged 10 to 14y with a cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction of−0.50 diopter(D)to−5.00 D and astigmatism with more than−1.50 D were recruited.The enrolled adolescents were divided into OK group and spectacle group.During regular followup,adolescents were measured respectively at pre-wear,1,3,and 6mo after treatment.The follow-up included uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),axial length(AL),superficial capillary plexus density(SCPD),deep capillary plexus density(DCPD),central retinal thickness(CRT),foveal avascular zone area(FAZ-A),foveal avascular zone perimeter(FAZ-P)and foveal vessel density in a 300-μmwide region around foveal avascular zone(FD-300).The collected data were analyzed using statistical methods.RESULTS:By one month,SCPD significantly increased in the fovea and superior retina,and DCPD significantly increased inferiorly in OK group compared to spectacle group(P<0.05).By three months,there were significant increases in SCPD in the fovea and inferior retina,and DCPD in the parafovea,superior,and inferior retina in OK group(P<0.05),while the increase in SCPD and DCPD in the fovea were observed by six months(P<0.05).The FD-300 significantly increased at every follow-up in OK group compared to spectacle group(P<0.05).No significant differences in the CRT,FAZ-A and FAZ-P and FD-300 were observed between two groups(P>0.05).OK group showed a significant improvement in UDVA after wearing OK,compared to spectacle group(P<0.01),while the AL did not show a significant difference between two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Short-term OK worn can increase local retinal vessel density in adolescents with low-to-moderate myopia.

Dynamic versus static ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in eyes with diabetic retinopathy:a pilot prospective cross-sectional study

AIM:To analyze differences in ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography(UWFA)findings between dynamic and static images of eyes with diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 28 eyes of 28 patients with DR undergoing UWFA.A series of UWFA images acquired from each patient were converted into a time-lapse video and used as a dynamic image.A single,clear,arteriovenous phase image was chosen as a static image.Non-perfusion index(NPI)and its correlation with vascular abnormalities in different zones were compared between dynamic and static UWFA imaging.RESULTS:NPI appeared to increase from the center to the far-periphery in both groups.Dynamic NPI was lower in the total retinal area(0.26 vs 0.29,P=0.009)and farperiphery(0.33 vs 0.36,adjusted P=0.042),which was contrary to the static NPI.Far-peripheral NPI was associated with intraretinal microvascular abnormality in the posterior area in both groups.CONCLUSION:Time-lapse dynamic UWFA imaging is a useful modality to differentially diagnose hypofluorescence in the most peripheral region.This modality could provide a reliable method for NPI measurement.

Clinical efficacy of bevacizumab combined with afatinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of bevacizumab combined with afatinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Methods: Ninety-eight patients with non-small cell lung cancer admitted to our hospital from December 2015 to December 2017 were randomly divided into the control group (49 cases) and the experimental group (49 cases). The group was treated with conventional first-line chemotherapy (pemetrexed plus carboplatin). The experimental group was treated with bevacizumab plus afatinib. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed. Immune function, angiogenesis related indicators and incidence of adverse reactions.Results: The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgG, IgM, IgA, VEGF, BFGF and HDGF were not significantly different between the two groups. After treatment, both groups were reduced, and the experimental group CD3+, CD4+, The levels of CD4+/CD8+, IgG, IgM and IgA were significantly higher than those of the control group. The levels of VEGF, BFGF and HDGF were significantly lower than those of the control group. The effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in the rate.Conclusion: Bevacizumab combined with afatinib can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. It has been the expression of angiogenic factors, improve the immune function of patients and increase the adverse reactions of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Functional role of circRNA CHRC through miR-431-5p/KLF15 signaling axis in the progression of heart failure

Pathological myocardial hypertrophy is a common early clinical manifestation of heart failure,with noncoding RNAs exerting regulatory influence.However,the molecular function of circular RNAs(circRNAs)in the progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure remains unclear.To uncover functional circRNAs and identify the core circRNA signaling pathway in heart failure,we construct a global triple network(microRNA,circRNA,and mRNA)based on the competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)theory.We observe that cardiac hypertrophy-related circRNA(circRNA CHRC),within the ceRNA network,is down-regulated in both transverse aortic constriction mice and Ang-II--treated primary mouse cardiomyocytes.Silencing circRNA CHRC increases cross-sectional cell area,atrial natriuretic peptide,andβ-myosin heavy chain levels in primary mouse cardiomyocytes.Further screening shows that circRNA CHRC targets the miR-431-5p/KLF15 axis implicated in heart failure progression in vivo and in vitro.Immunoprecipitation with anti-Ago2-RNA confirms the interaction between circRNA CHRC and miR-431-5p,while miR-431-5p mimics reverse Klf15 activation caused by circRNA CHRC overexpression.In summary,circRNA CHRC attenuates cardiac hypertrophy via sponging miR-431-5p to maintain the normal level of Klf15 expression.

Characterization of N6-methyladenosine long non-coding RNAs in sporadic congenital cataract and age-related cataract

AIM:To characterize the N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification patterns in long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)in sporadic congenital cataract(CC)and age-related cataract(ARC).METHODS:Anterior capsule of the lens were collected from patients with CC and ARC.Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation with next-generation sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed to identify m6A-tagged lncRNAs and lncRNAs expression.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses and Gene Ontology annotation were used to predict potential functions of the m6A-lncRNAs.RESULTS:Large amount of m6A peaks within lncRNA were identified for both CC and ARC,while the level was much higher in ARC(49870 peaks)than that in CC(18688 peaks),yet those difference between ARC in younger age group(ARC-1)and ARC in elder age group(ARC-2)was quite slight.A total of 1305 hypermethylated and 1178 hypomethylated lncRNAs,as well as 182 differential expressed lncRNAs were exhibited in ARC compared with CC.On the other hand,5893 hypermethylated and 5213 hypomethylated lncRNAs,as well as 155 significantly altered lncRNA were identified in ARC-2 compared with ARC-1.Altered lncRNAs in ARC were mainly associated with the organization and biogenesis of intracellular organelles,as well as nucleotide excision repair.CONCLUSION:Our results for the first time present an overview of the m6A methylomes of lncRNA in CC and ARC,providing a solid basis and uncovering a new insight to reveal the potential pathogenic mechanism of CC and ARC.

Clinical observation on tuina plus Baixiao moxibustion for temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of tuina plus Baixiao moxibustion in the treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome(TJDS).Methods:A total of 70 TJDS patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an observation group and a control group by flipping a coin,with 35 cases in each group.Patients in the observation group were treated with tuina plus Baixiao moxibustion,while patients in the control group received oral intake of diclofenac potassium(75 mg/pill),1 pill after every dinner.Both tuina and Baixiao moxibustion were done once a day during treatment.The therapeutic evaluation was evaluated after 10 treatments in both groups.The maximum mouth opening distanee and visual analog scale(VAS)were observed before and after treatment,and the therapeutic efficacy was also compared.Results:After treatment,the maximum mouth opening distanee and VAS improved in both groups(all P<0.05);both items in the observation group were superior to those in the control group(both P<00.05).The total effective rate was 91.4%in the observation group,versus 74.3%in the control group,and the between-group comparison of the total effective rate showed statistical significanee(P<0.05).Conclusion:Tuina plus Baixiao moxibustion can effectively improve TJDS patient's temporomandibular joint function and alleviate pain,with better efficacy than oral intake of diclofenac potassium.

Deep learning algorithm using fundus photographs for 10-year risk assessment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases in China

缺血性心脑血管病(ischemic cardiovascular diseases,ICVD)包括缺血性卒中与缺血性心脏病.传统的基于危险因素的ICVD风险预测模型在实践推广中受限,本文旨在开发并验证一种利用眼底照片估算10年ICVD风险的深度学习算法,用于替代传统模型.算法的开发和验证均以传统模型所预测的10年ICVD风险为参照.研究基于体检人群(390,947人)数据开发卷积神经网络算法.在内部验证(20,571人)中,该算法估算10年ICVD风险的自然对数的调整R^(2)为0.876,筛查临界/中等及以上(≥5%/≥7.5%)ICVD风险人群的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)下面积(AUC)分别为0.971(95%CI:0.967~0.975)和0.976(95%CI:0.973~0.980);在中老年人群的外部验证(1309人)中,调整R^(2)为0.638,AUC分别为0.859(95%CI:0.822~0.895)和0.876(95%CI:0.816~0.937).该算法有望替代传统ICVD风险预测模型,用于在基层医疗机构进行ICVD风险快速筛查,但仍需前瞻性研究进行验证.

Experimental investigation of early assessment of corpora cavernosa fibrosis with two-dimensional shear wave elastography

This study explored the usefulness of two-dimensional shear wave elastography(2D-SWE)in the early assessment of corpora cavernosa fibrosis(CCF).New Zealand male rabbits were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group.Recombinant human transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)was injected into the dorsal penis tissue of rabbits in the experimental group.Conventional ultrasound and 2D-SWE examinations were performed before and 20 days after injection.Penile histological analysis was performed by hematoxylin–eosin staining,sirius red staining,and immunohistochemistry.Measurement of 2D-SWE examination results was performed using shear wave elastography quantitative measurement(SWQ).Histological analysis outcomes were the proportion of smooth muscle cells(SMCs),collagen fibers(CFs),collagen type I(Col I),and collagen type III(Col III),as well as the SMCs/CFs ratio,measured by sirius red staining.Other histological analysis outcomes were the positive area proportion(PAP)of TGF-β1(PAPT),fibronectin(PAPF),and Col III(PAPC),measured by immunohistochemistry.After recombinant human TGF-β1 injection,SWQ was higher in the experimental group than that in the control group(P<0.001);however,there were no differences in conventional ultrasound results.There were significant differences in histological outcomes between the two groups(all P<0.05).These results indicated that 2D-SWE was superior for identifying early histological changes in CCF.

THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF OCTREOTIDE ON THE SUBCUTANEOUS TRANSPLANTATION MODEL OF H-22 CELL LINE IN MICE

To evaluate the antitumor effect of Octreotide on subcutaneous transplantation model of H22 cell line in mice and to explore the possible antitumor mechanisms of Octreotide.Methods Twenty male Kunming mice were enrolled into this study. They were randomized into two groups: Group A (experimental group) and Group B (control group). Each group contained 10 mice. H-22 cell line (2×10~6) was implanted subcutaneously into left armpit of each mice. Everyone in group A received Octreotide ( 100μg/kg/day×14 days) intraperitoneal injection just after implantation. Each mouse in group B received the same amount of saline solution intraperitoneal injection just after implantation. Subcutaneous tumor size was measured everyday. Fourteen days after implantation, all mice were killed, and the subcutaneous tmors were removed for immunohistochemical examination. VEGF, mierovessel density (MVD), PCNA, bcl2 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Mean size of subcutaneous tumors in Group A was significantly smaller than that in Group B 7 days and 14 days after implantation respectively (0.13±0.02cm^3 vs. 0.21±0.04cm^3, P【0.05; 0.36±0.11cm^3 vs. 0.72±0.11cm^3, P【0.01). The expression of VEGF and PCNA in Group B was significant higher than that in Group A (Ridit analysis, P【0.05). The expression of bcl-2 was also higher in Group B than in Group A, but without statistical significant difference (Ridit analysis, P】0.05). MVD in Group B was greater than that in group A, but without statistical significant difference (23.30±1.81 vs 30.60±3.41, P=0.075).Conclusion Octreotide has antitumor effect on subcutaneously transplanted H-22 cell line in mice through the mechanism of inhibiting cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis.