Comparative study of bacterial status from conjunctival sac of the elder Qiang minority and Han people with dry eye in Sichuan,China

AIM: To compare the status of bacteria in the conjunctival sac from the elder Qiang minority and Han people with dry eyes in Sichuan, China. METHODS: Total of 54 elder Qiang people with dry eyes (108 eyes) were examined by cluster sampling. In the similar habitation region of Han people, 80 (160 dry eyes) Han people were analyzed as the control group. The bacteria was separated from the inferior palpebral conjunctiva, then inoculated on blood plate for 48 hours and identified. RESULTS: Totally 24 strains of bacteria were cultured in either Qiang minority or Han c populations with 3 strains of them existed in both ethnic groups. The commonest bacteria in conjunctival sac in two ethnic groups were non-pathogenic bacterium. The composition of Corynebacterium in Han people (54.1%) was significantly higher than that in Qiang minority (27.4%) (chi(2)=11.6721, P=0.0006). The percentage of Sphingomonas Paucimobilis in Qiang people was higher than that in Han people (chi(2)=18.6442, P=0.0000). However, there was no significant difference between Qiang minority and Han people either in bacterial positive rate in conjunctival sac, or the composition of bacteria species and strains, or the composition of staphylococcus epidemids between two ethnic populations. CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference of bacterial positive rate in conjunctival sac from the elder of Qiang minority and Han people with dry eye, but the species of bacteria were different.

Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells in a mouse model of closed head injury

Stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential treatment for neural regeneration following closed head injury.We previously reported that induced neural stem cells exert beneficial effects on neural regeneration via cell replacement.However,the neural regeneration efficiency of induced neural stem cells remains limited.In this study,we explored differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs to clarify the mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.We found that H19 was the most downregulated neurogenesis-associated lnc RNA in induced neural stem cells compared with induced pluripotent stem cells.Additionally,we demonstrated that H19 levels in induced neural stem cells were markedly lower than those in induced pluripotent stem cells and were substantially higher than those in induced neural stem cell-derived neurons.We predicted the target genes of H19 and discovered that H19 directly interacts with mi R-325-3p,which directly interacts with Ctbp2 in induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells.Silencing H19 or Ctbp2 impaired induced neural stem cell proliferation,and mi R-325-3p suppression restored the effect of H19 inhibition but not the effect of Ctbp2 inhibition.Furthermore,H19 silencing substantially promoted the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells and did not induce apoptosis of induced neural stem cells.Notably,silencing H19 in induced neural stem cell grafts markedly accelerated the neurological recovery of closed head injury mice.Our results reveal that H19 regulates the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.H19 inhibition may promote the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells,which is closely associated with neurological recovery following closed head injury.

Spontaneous dislodgment of a peritoneal dialysis catheter inserted using the Seldinger technique:A case report

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis(PD)is an important renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease.PD catheters remain the lifeline for patients undergoing PD.The catheter technique survival rate is considered a core PD outcome domain.CASE SUMMARY The PD catheter spontaneously dislodged in a patient undergoing PD during regular fluid exchange without pain.Abdominal computed tomography showed a tunnel infection.A double-cuff straight Tenckhoff catheter had been inserted using the Seldinger technique.Before this incident,the patient had a history of tunnel infections.We speculate that recurrent tunnel infections and catheter insertion using the Seldinger technique may have led to catheter dislodgement.CONCLUSION The present case suggests that clinicians should more rigorously assess the persistence of catheter-related infections concerning the potential complications arising from catheter dislodgement associated with the Seldinger technique.

Standard Versus Extended Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Treating Adenocarcinoma of the Head of the Pancreas

Objectives To compare the postoperative complications and survival of standard pancreatoduodenectomy （SPD） and extended pancreatoduodenectomy （EPD） in patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Methods Between January 1994 and December 2011, 165 patients with biopsy-proven adenocardnoma of the pancreatic head were treated in West China Hospital, among whom 93 underwent SPD and 72 had EPD. Complications and survival after the surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results The median operation time of the EPD group was longer compared with the SPD group （375 minutes vs. 310 minutes, P〈O.O1）, the volume of blood transfusion was larger （700 mL vs. 400 mL, P〈0.05）, while the median hospital stay （13.5 days vs. 12 days, P = 0.79） and the total complication rates were comparable （34.7% vs. 32.4%, P=0.93）. The total recurrence rates of the SPD and EPD groups were not significantly different （52.7% vs. 43.1%, P=0,83）. No significant differences were found between the SPD and EPD groups in 1-year （81.7% vs. 86.1%）, 3-year （38.7% vs. 43.1%）, 5-year （16.7% vs. 19.4%）, and median survivals （19.8 months vs. 23.2 months, P= 0.52）. Conclusion The postoperative complications and survival donot differ significantly between SPD and EPD.

Preparation and Identification of scFv and bsFv against Transferrin Receptor

To obtain single chain variable fragment （scFv） and bivalent single chain variable fragment （bsFv） against transferrin receptor, up-stream and down-stream primers were designed according to the complementary sequences of FR1 region of variable heavy （VH） and FR4 of variable light （VL）, respectively, which contained inter-linker G4S and the restriction endonuclease SfiI, AscI and NotI. Two pieces of scFv fragments were first amplified through PCR and then inserted into plasmid pAB1, which could express scFv protein once induced by IPTG in the host bacteria. To express scFv and bsFv, E. coli TG1 was cultured in LB broth and was induced by IPTG. The restriction enzyme digestion map and DNA sequencing demonstrated that scFv and bsFv genes were successfully inserted into the expression plasmid. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting revealed the protein band at 35kD and 60kD, which were consistent with the molecular weight of scFv and bsFv respectively. Flow cytometry showed that scFv and bsFv harbored the specific binding activity with TfR expressed in various tumor cells, and the avidity of bsFv was higher than that of the parent scFv.

Ewing sarcoma of the ileum with wide multiorgan metastases:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Ewing sarcoma(ES)is an aggressive small round cell tumor that usually occurs in younger children and young adults but rarely in older patients.Its occurrence in elderly individuals is rare.ES of the ileum with wide multiorgan metastases is rarely reported and difficult to distinguish radiologically from other gastrointestinal tract tumors.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old man presented with right lower quadrant pain for 2 wk.Computed tomography results showed a heterogeneous mass within the ileum and widespread multiorgan metastases.This mass was biopsied,and pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed features consistent with an extraskeletal ES.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing this rare presentation in the small intestine to broaden the differential diagnosis of adult intraabdominal tumors.

The m^(6)A reader YTHDC2 maintains visual function and retinal photoreceptor survival through modulating translation of PPEF2 and PDE6B

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are major causes of visual impairment and irreversible blindness worldwide, while the precise molecular and genetic mechanisms are still elusive. N6-methyladenosine (m^(6)A) modification is the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA. YTH domain containing 2 (YTHDC2), an m^(6)A reader protein, has recently been identified as a key player in germline development and human cancer. However, its contribution to retinal function remains unknown. Here, we explore the role of YTHDC2 in the visual function of retinal rod photoreceptors by generating rod-specific Ythdc2 knockout mice. Results show that Ythdc2 deficiency in rods causes diminished scotopic ERG responses and progressive retinal degeneration. Multi-omics analysis further identifies Ppef2 and Pde6b as the potential targets of YTHDC2 in the retina. Specifically, via its YTH domain, YTHDC2 recognizes and binds m^(6)A-modified Ppef2 mRNA at the coding sequence and Pde6b mRNA at the 5′-UTR, resulting in enhanced translation efficiency without affecting mRNA levels. Compromised translation efficiency of Ppef2 and Pde6b after YTHDC2 depletion ultimately leads to decreased protein levels in the retina, impaired retinal function, and progressive rod death. Collectively, our finding highlights the importance of YTHDC2 in visual function and photoreceptor survival, which provides an unreported elucidation of IRD pathogenesis via epitranscriptomics.

Comparison on conjunctival sac bacterial flora of the seniors with dry eye in Ganzi autonomous prefecture

AIM:To compare the bacterial flora in palpebral conjunctiva of xerophthalmia seniors of Tibetan,Yi and Han,and analyze the differences and similarities of the bacteria.·METHODS:The test subjects were selected from 2Tibetan,2 Yi and 3 Han populated places,respectively.Total 222 seniors(444 eyes) with dry eye were examined.Secretion was collected from the palpebral conjunctiva of the subjects and then inoculated onto a blood agar plate.After 48h of incubation,the bacteria were examined for the differences and similarities between different ethnics.·RESULTS:There was no significant difference(P 】0.05)of Gram stain characterization,dominant bacteria and number of the bacterial species present in oxrophthalmia patients among Tibetan,Yi and Han nationalities.The bacteria presented in all groups include staphylococcus epidermidis,corynebacterium,micrococcus luteu,int-racellular bacteria sphingomonas,pseudomonas aerug-inosa.The bacteria detected from the two of three ethnic groups were staphylococcus aureus,staphylococcus haemolyticus,escherichia coli,kytococcus sedentarius,streptococcus angina,micrococcus lylae,and staphy-lococcus heads.The incidence rate of bacteria-associated dry eye in Tibetan population was significantly lower than that of Han and Yi population.·CONCLUSION:There is no significant difference in the bacteria flora of palpebral conjunctiva observed among dry eye elder populations of Tibetan,Yi and Han people.All of staphylococcus epidermidis,corynebacterium,micrococcus luteu,intracellular bacteria sphingomonas,pseudomonas aeruginosa,staphylococcus aureus,staphylococcus haemolyticus,escherichia coli,kytococcus sedentarius,streptococcus angina,micrococcus lylae and staphylococcus heads are common bacteria flora of the three nationalities inhibiting in this area.

Functional assessment of transplanted kidneys with magnetic resonance imaging

Kidney transplantation has emerged as the treatment of choice for many patients with end-stage renal disease, which is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Given the shortage of clinically available donor kidneys and the significant incidence of allograft dysfunction, a noninvasive and accurate assessment of the allograft renal function is critical for postoperative management. Prompt diagnosis of graft dysfunction facilitates clinical intervention of kidneys with salvageable function. New advances in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) technology have enabled the calculation of various renal parameters that were previously not feasible to measure noninvasively. Diffusion-weighted imaging provides information on renal diffusion and perfusion simultaneously, with quantification by the apparent diffusion coefficient, the decrease of which reflects renal function impairment. Diffusion-tensor imaging accounts for the directionality of molecular motion and measures fractional anisotropy of the kidneys. Blood oxygen level-dependent MR evaluates intrarenal oxygen bioavailability, generating the parameter of R2*(reflecting the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin). A decrease in R2* could happen during acute rejection. MR nephro-urography/renography demonstrates structural data depicting urinary tract obstructions and functional data regarding the glomerular filtration and blood flow. MR angiography details the transplant vasculature and is particularly suitable for detecting vascular complications, with good correlation with digital subtraction angiography. Other functional MRI technologies, such as arterial spin labeling and MR spectroscopy, are showing additional promise. This review highlights MRI as a comprehensive modality to diagnose a variety of etiologies of graft dysfunction, including prerenal(e.g., renal vasculature), renal(intrinsic causes) and postrenal(e.g., obstruction of the collecting system) etiologies.

Defective EMC1 drives abnormal retinal angiogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may be associated with the pathogenesis of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy

Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is required for the co-translational insertion of newly synthesized multi-transmembrane proteins.Compromised EMC function in different cell types has been implicated in multiple diseases.Using inducible genetic mouse models,we revealed defects in retinal vascularization upon endothelial cell(EC)specific deletion of Emc1,the largest subunit of EMC.Loss of Emc1 in ECs led to reduced vascular progression and vascular density,diminished tip cell sprouts,and vascular leakage.We then performed an unbiased transcriptomic analysis on human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRECs)and revealed a pivotal role of EMC1 in theβ-catenin signaling pathway.Further in-vitro and in-vivo experiments proved that loss of EMC1 led to compromisedβ-catenin signaling activity through reduced expression of Wnt receptor FZD4,which could be restored by lithium chloride(LiCl)treatment.Driven by these findings,we screened genomic DNA samples from familial exudative vitreoretinopathy(FEVR)patients and identified one heterozygous variant in EMC1 that co-segregated with FEVR phenotype in the family.In-vitro expression experiments revealed that this variant allele failed to facilitate the expression of FZD4 on the plasma membrane and activate theβ-catenin signaling pathway,which might be a main cause of FEVR.In conclusion,our findings reveal that variants in EMC1 gene cause compromisedβ-catenin signaling activity,which may be associated with the pathogenesis of FEVR.

Identification of methylated differentially expressed hub genes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients by WGCNA-based epigenome-wide and transcriptome-wide analysis

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is an autoimmune disease,characterized by the production of autoantibodies and the involvement of multi-systems.In order to explore its molecular mechanism,we,using bioinformatics analysis and wet lab experiments,identified two key genes in SLE patients.

High-performance piezoresistive sensors based on transfer-free large-area PdSe_(2) films for human motion and health care monitoring

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are needed in highperformance piezoresistive sensors due to their strong strain-induced bandgap modification and thereby large gauge factors.However,integrating a conventional high-temperature chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-grown TMD with a flexible substrate necessitates a transfer process that inevitably degrades the sensing properties of the TMDs and increases the overall fabrication complexity.We present a high-performance piezoresistive strain sensor that employs largearea PdSe_(2) films grown directly on polyimide(PI)substrates via plasma-assisted selenization of a sputtered Pd film.The reliable strain transfer from the substrate to the PdSe_(2) film ensures an outstanding strain-sensing capability of the sensor.Specifically,the sensors have a gauge factor of up to315±2.1,a response time under 25 ms,a detection limit of 8×10^(-6),and an exceptional stability of over 104 loadingunloading cycles.By attaching the sensors to the skin surface,we demonstrate their application for measuring physiological parameters in health care monitoring,including motion,voice,and arterial pulse vibration.Furthermore,using the PdSe_(2) film sensor combined with deep learning technology,we achieved intelligent recognition of artery temperature from arterial pulse signals with only a 2%difference between predicted and actual temperatures.The excellent sensing performance,together with the advantages of low-temperature fabrication and simple device structure,make the PdSe_(2) film sensor promising for wearable electronics and health care sensing systems.

The endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex subunit Emc6 is essential for rhodopsin localization and photoreceptor cell survival

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane protein complex(EMC)is responsible for monitoring the biogenesis and synthetic quality of membrane proteins with tail-anchored or multiple transmembrane domains.The EMC subunit EMC6 is one of the core members of EMC and forms an enclosed hydrophilic vestibule in cooperation with EMC3.Despite studies demonstrating that deletion of EMC3 led to rhodopsin mislocalization in rod photoreceptors of mice,the precise mechanism leading to the failure of rhodopsin trafficking remains unclear.Here,we generated the first rod photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(RKO)and cone photoreceptor-specific knockout of Emc6(CKO)mouse models.Deficiency of Emc6 in rod photoreceptors led to progressive shortening of outer segments(OS),impaired visual function,mislocalization and reduced expression of rhodopsin,and increased gliosis in rod photoreceptors.In addition,CKO mice displayed the progressive death of cone photoreceptors and abnormal localization of cone opsin protein.Subsequently,proteomics analysis of the RKO mouse retina illustrated that several cilium-related proteins,particularly anoctamin-2(ANO2)and transmembrane protein 67(TMEM67),were significantly down-regulated prior to OS degeneration.Detrimental rod photoreceptor cilia and mislocalized membrane disc proteins were evident in RKO mice.Our data revealed that in addition to monitoring the synthesis of rhodopsin-dominated membrane disc proteins,EMC6 also impacted rod photoreceptors'ciliogenesis by regulating the synthesis of membrane proteins associated with cilia,contributing to the mislocalization of membrane disc proteins.

Erratum to:CD146 as a promising therapeutic target for retinal and choroidal neovascularization diseases

Erratum to:Sci China Life Sciences,Volume 65,Issue 6:1157-1170(2022),https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-021-2020-0This paper contains four errors in Figure 4 and Figure 5.In Figure 4C,the image labeled as"1%O_(2)+IgG ctrl"is incorect.This image is another one for 1%O_(2) group.We provide a new image as follows for 1%O_(2)+IgG ctrl group.This new image does not affect the conclusion of this article.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antitumor Activity ofLigustrum robustum, A Chinese Herbal Tea

Objective: To examine the effect of the aqueous extract of Ligustrum robustum on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: In in vitro study, cell viabilities of human cervical carcinoma cells(HeLa), human breast cancer cells(MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells(PC-3),human hepatoma cells(7721) and human colon carcinoma cells(SW480) were evaluated with cell counting kit-8.For L. robustum-treated Hela cells, early or late apoptosis were evaluated by annexin V/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by staining cells with JC-1. Apoptosis was monitored by nuclear morphology based on chromatin condensation and fragmentation by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylinole(DAPI) staining. Caspase-3 and-8 activity levels were measured by a colorimetric assay. In vivo, to evaluate the possible mechanism of L. robustum-mediated antitumor effect, nude mouse xenograft study was also conducted. Results: In in vitro study, L. robustum was found to be toxic to HeLa, MCF-7, PC-3, 7721, SW480, with an half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2–5 mg/mL(P<0.05). Moreover, externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 and-8 were detected in L. robustumtreated Hela cells. Using a nude mouse model bearing Hela xenografts, we found that L. robustum reduced tumor volume and tumor weight(P<0.05), but had no effect on body weight and histological damage of important organs. Intraperitoneal injection of L. robustum caused a signi?cant reduction in serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels(P<0.05). Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3-positive and terminal nucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)-positive cells were observed in L. robustum-treated tumor tissues.Conclusions: L. robustum inhibits tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis in a caspasedependent way without apparent hepatic toxicity and histological damage, which may offer partial scienti?c support for the ethnopharmacological claims of L. robustum as a herbal tea for its antitumor activity.

Complications and management of penile augmentation with hyaluronic acid injection

Hyaluronic acid injection is becoming a popular way for penile augmentation.However,only few studies and follow-ups have investigated the various complications of hyaluronic acid injection and their corresponding management.In this study,a total of 230 patients who had penile augmentation with hyaluronic acid injection from January 2018 to December 2019 were examined on follow-up for penile girth,complications,and their corresponding management.At 1-month,3-month,and 6-month postoperative follow-ups,the penile circumference had increased by 2.66±1.24 cm,2.28±1.02 cm,and 1.80±0.83 cm,respectively.During the entire 6-month follow-up,4.3%had complications such as subcutaneous bleeding,subcutaneous nodules,and infection.There were no systemic or local allergic reactions among all the patients.All complications were treated accordingly,and no further deterioration or severe sequelae were observed.Although complications of hyaluronic acid injections are mild and rare,these may affect the patient's satisfaction postoperatively.Preoperative redundant prepuce may increase the incidence of penile edema or postoperative gel migration.Standardization of the surgery protocol and elucidation of the effects of other injection parameters are still lacking.Nevertheless,it still highlights the importance of preoperative preparation and surgical technique.

Establishing 1H nuclear magnetic resonance based metabonomics fingerprinting profile for spinal cord injury： a pilot study

Background Spinal cord injury （SCI） is a complex trauma that consists of multiple pathological mechanisms involving cytotoxic, oxidation stress and immune-endocrine. This study aimed to establish plasma metabonomics fingerprinting atlas for SCI using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） based metabonomics methodology and principal component analysis techniques.Methods Nine Sprague-Dawley （SD） male rats were randomly divided into SCI, normal and sham-operation control groups. Plasma samples were collected for 1H NMR spectroscopy 3 days after operation. The NMR data were analyzed using principal component analysis technique with Matlab software.Results Metabonomics analysis was able to distinguish the three groups （SCI, normal control, sham-operation）. The fingerprinting atlas indicated that, compared with those without SCI, the SCI group demonstrated the following characteristics with regard to second principal component： it is made up of fatty acids, myc-inositol, arginine, very low-density lipoprotein （VLDL）, low-density lipoprotein （LDL）, triglyceride （TG）, glucose, and 3-methyl-histamine.Conclusions The data indicated that SCI results in several significant changes in plasma metabolism early on and that a metabonomics approach based on 1H NMR spectroscopy can provide a metabolic profile comprising several metabolite classes and allow for relative quantification of such changes. The results also provided support for further development and application of metabonomics technologies for studying SCI and for the utilization of multivariate models for classifying the extent of trauma within an individual.

Intravaginal Misoprostol for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction in Nulliparous Women： A Double-blinded, Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Background： In China, no multicenter double-blinded prospective randomized controlled study on labor induction has been conducted till now. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety ofintravaginal accurate 25-μg misoprostol tablets for cervical ripening and labor induction in term pregnancy in nulliparous women. Methods： This was a double-blinded, prospective randomized controlled study including nulliparous women from 6 university hospitals across China. Subjects were randomized into misoprostol or placebo group with the sample size ratio set to 7：2. lntravaginal 25-μg misoprostol or placebo was applied at an interval of 4 h （repeated tip to 3 times） for labor induction. Primary outcome measures were the incidence of cumulative Bishop score increases ≥3 within 1211 or vaginal delivery within 24 h. Safety assessments included the incidences of maternal morbidity and adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes. Results： A total of 173 women for misoprostol group and 49 women for placebo were analyzed. The incidence of cumulative Bishop score increases ≥3 within 12 h or vaginal delivery within 24 h was higher in the misoprostol group than in the placebo （64.2% vs. 22.5%, relative risk [RR]： 2.9, 95% confidence interval [C/]： 1.4-6.0）. The incidence of onset of labor within 24 h was significantly higher in the misoprostol group than in the placebo group （48.0% vs. 18.4%, RR： 2.6, 95% CI： 1.2-5.7）; and the induction-onset of labor interval was significantly shorter in the misoprostol group （P = 0.0003）. However, there were no significant differences in the median process time of vaginal labor （6.4 vs. 6.8 h; P = 0.695）, incidence （39.3% vs. 49.0%, RR： 0.8, 95% CI： 0.4-1.5） and indications （P = 0.683） of cesarean section deliveries, and frequencies of maternal, fetal/neonatal adverse events between the groups. Conclusion： Intravaginal misoprostol 25 μg every 4 h is efficacious and safe in labor induction and cervical ripening.

Successful Laparoscopic Management of Heterotopic Pregnancy at 12＋2 Weeks of Gestation

To the Editor：A 30-year-old pregnant women at 12＋2 （means 12 weeks and 2 days of gestation） weeks of gestation suffered severe distending pain in the lower abdomen,dizzy,and weakness for over 5 h.The patient had no other medical history except one abortion.Bimanual examination revealed tenderness in the left adnexal region and no hemorrhage in closed cervical os.Ultrasound showed a live fetus of 12＋2 weeks in the uterus,an irregular heterogeneous hypoechoic mass in front of the uterus,and massive fluid in the pelvis [Figure 1].Culdocentesis revealed ～5-ml blood.The laboratory test showed hemoglobin of 85 g/L,hematocrit of 26.6%,white blood cell count of 19.09 × 109/L,and normal platelet and clotting.Due to unknown intraperitoneal hemorrhage,an emergency laparoscopy was arranged.

Genome-wide analysis identified 17 new loci influencing intraocular pressure in Chinese population

Intraocular pressure(IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Genetic determinants of intraocular pressure can provide critical insights into the genetic architecture of glaucoma and, as a result, open new avenues for therapeutic intervention. We performed a genome-wide association study and replication analysis of 8,552 Chinese participants. In the genome-wide association study, we identified 51 loci that surpassed the significance of P<9×10^(-7), and we formally replicated these loci. A combined discovery and replication meta-analysis identified 21 genome-wide loci that surpassed the genome-wide significance of P<5×10^(-8), including 4 previously reported loci: rs145063132(7 p21.2, ETV1/DGKB), rs548030386(7 q31.2, ST7 near CAV1/CAV2), rs7047871(9 p24.2, GLIS3), and rs2472494(9 q31.1, ABCA1/SLC44 A1). Of the 17 newly identified loci, five were reported to have ocular related phenotypes: PTCH2(rs7525308 in 1 p34.1), LRIF1/DRAM2(rs1282146 in 1 p13.3), COLEC11(rs201143466 in 2 p25.3),SPTBN1(rs4514918 in 2 p16.2), and CRK(rs11078446 in 17 p13.3). The genetic loci identified in this study not only increase our understanding of the genes involved in intraocular pressure but also provide important genetic markers to improve future genetic screening and drug discovery for intraocular pressure disorders.