Analysis on the Path of Local Universities’Intervention in the Sustainable Development of Poor Rural Areas in the Era of Post-Poverty Alleviation:Taking Sichuan University of Science and Engineering as an Example

China has entered the era of post-poverty alleviation,which effectively links poverty alleviation achievements with rural revitalization strategies.In the era of post-poverty alleviation,in order to effectively promote the sustainable development of poor rural areas,local colleges and universities should actively nurture the self-development skills of the needy.Local colleges and universities should guide the transformation of ideas and concepts,scientifically optimize the allocation of poverty alleviation resources,improve the interest linkage mechanism between colleges and universities,strengthen the investigation and analysis of poverty alleviation projects,improve the convergence of assistance and practice,actively create a good spiritual and cultural environment,uphold the mission of helping cadres,attach importance to the support for the development of characteristic industries,and lastly,promote the convergence of rural revitalization strategies.

Biofabrication (3D Bioprinting) Laboratory at Sichuan University

Introduction and research overview Recently,increasing need for organ transplantation and lack of donated organs have led to the rapid development of new technologies for artificial organ biofabrication.In the era of burgeoning breakthroughs around 3D bioprinting technologies,the personalization of organs and medicine is an ongoing nice vision[1–5].As one of the leading laboratories in the interdisciplinary field of materials,manufacturing and bioengineering,the Biofabrication(3D Bioprinting)Research Laboratory at Sichuan University has been engaging in the research on customized regenerativemedicine since 2012.

Teaching Team Construction and Teaching Reform of the School of Communication Under the Background of New Liberal Arts - Taking Sichuan University of Media and Communications as an Example

Under the background of new liberal arts,in order to run a major well as well as highlight its characteristics and advantages,private colleges and universities cannot do without the construction of professional teaching teams and teaching reforms.Taking Sichuan University of Media and Communication as an example,a series of explorations and practices has been carried out from the aspects of professional team construction,personnel training objectives,professional curriculum system,professional teaching mode,and professional teaching quality,in which good results have been achieved.On this basis,a training base for journalism and communication talents serving the whole Sichuan Province and even the western region is constructed,so that the results of the project have a certain demonstration and promotion value for the construction and development of similar majors in new institutions of higher learning in Sichuan Province.

Celebrating the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the polymer science discipline at Sichuan University

The polymer science discipline at Sichuan University(SCU)was founded in 1953 by Prof.Xi Xu,one of the pioneers in polymer materials science and engineering in China and honored as the“Father of Chinese Plastics,”who was also an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Over a glorious 70-year journey,polymer science at SCU has evolved into a top-notch,globally recognized,and the largest research and teaching center in the realm of polymer science and engineering in China.On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the polymer science discipline at SCU,we extend our deepest gratitude to the visionary founders and every indi-vidual who has contributed to the development of this discipline.

Projecting the Dynamic Trends of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome:Modeling the Epidemic in Sichuan Province, China

Objective Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and dynamic trends of the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)prevalence in Sichuan,the second most heavily affected province in China,and to explore future interventions.Methods The epidemiological,behavioral,and population census data from multiple sources were analyzed to extract inputs for an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)epidemic model(AEM).Baseline curves,derived from historical trends in HIV prevalence,were used,and the AEM was employed to examine future intervention scenarios.Results In 2015,the modeled data suggested an adult HIV prevalence of 0.191%in Sichuan,with an estimated 128,766 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,983 individuals with newly diagnosed infections.Considering current high-risk behaviors,the model predicts an increase in the adult prevalence to 0.306%by 2025,projecting an estimated 212,168 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,555 individuals with newly diagnosed infections.Conclusion Heterosexual transmission will likely emerge as the primary mode of AIDS transmission in Sichuan.Furthermore,we anticipate a stabilization in the incidence of AIDS with a concurrent increase in prevalence.Implementing comprehensive intervention measures aimed at high-risk groups could effectively alleviate the spread of AIDS in Sichuan.

Understanding livelihood vulnerability:a perspective from Western Sichuan’s ethnic rural settings

To explore the livelihood status and key influencing factors of rural households in the minority areas,we collected flat data from 284 rural households in 32 villages across 12 counties of Western Sichuan from 2021 to 2022.We conducted participatory household survey on the livelihood status of the rural households and try to identify the key factors to influence their livelihood vulnerability using multiple linear regression.The results showed that:the livelihood situation of the rural households is relatively vulnerable.The vulnerability varies significantly with the income levels,education levels,and income sources.The vulnerability of farm households,categorized from low to high livelihood types,follows the sequence:non-agricultural dominant households,non-agricultural households,agricultural dominant households,and pure agricultural households.The degree of damage to the natural environment,education costs,loan opportunities,the proportion of agricultural income to annual household income,and the presence of sick people in the household have significant positive effects on the livelihood vulnerability index(LVI)of rural households;while help from relatives and friends,net income per capita,household size,household education,agricultural land area,participation in industrial organizations,number of livestock,purchase of commercial houses,drinking water source,and self-supply of food have significant negative effects.Based on the findings,we believe that local rural households operate in a complex livelihood system and recommend continuous interventions targeting key influences to provide empirical research support for areas facing similar situations.

Wind-dispersed seeds blur phylogeographic breaks:The complex evolutionary history of Populus lasiocarpa around the Sichuan Basin

The strength of phylogeographic breaks can vary among species in the same area despite being subject to the same geological and climate history due to differences in biological traits.Several important phylogeographic breaks exist around the Sichuan Basin in Southwest China but few studies have focused on wind-dispersed plants.Here,we investigated the phylogeographic patterns and the evolutionary history of Populus lasiocarpa,a wind-pollinated and wind-dispersed tree species with a circum-Sichuan Basin distribution in southwest China.We sequenced and analyzed three plastid DNA fragments(ptDNA) and eight nuclear microsatellites(nSSRs) of 265 individuals of P.lasiocarpa from 21 populations spanning the entire distribution range.Distribution patterns based on nSSR data revealed that there are three genetic groups in P.lasiocarpa.This is consistent with the three phylogeographic breaks(Sichuan Basin,the Kaiyong Line and the 105°E line),where the Sichuan basin acts as the main barrier to gene flow between western and eastern groups.However,the distribution pattern based on ptDNA haplotypes poorly matched the phylogeographic breaks,and wind-dispersed seeds may be one of the main contributing factors.Species distribution modelling suggested a larger potential distribution in the last glacial maximum with a severe bottleneck during the last interglacial.A DIYABC model also suggested a population contraction and expansion for both western and eastern lineages.These results indicate that biological traits are likely to affect the evolutionary history of plants,and that nuclear molecular markers,which experience higher levels of gene flow,might be better indicators of phylogeographic breaks.

Genome-wide association and linkage mapping strategies reveal the genetic loci and candidate genes of important agronomic traits in Sichuan wheat

Increasing wheat yield is a long-term goal for wheat breeders around the world.Exploiting elite genetic resources and dissecting the genetic basis of important agronomic traits in wheat are the necessary methods for high-yield wheat breeding.This study evaluated nine crucial agronomic traits found in a natural population of 156 wheat varieties and77 landraces from Sichuan,China in seven environments over two years.The results of this investigation of agronomic traits showed that the landraces had more tillers and higher kernel numbers per spike (KNS),while the breeding varieties had higher thousand-kernel weight (TKW) and kernel weight per spike (KWS).The generalized heritability (H2) values of the nine agronomic traits varied from 0.74 to 0.95.Structure analysis suggested that the natural population could be divided into three groups using 43 198 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the wheat 55K SNP chip.A total of 67 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified by the genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis based on the Q+K method of a mixed linear model.Three important QTLs were analyzed in this study.Four haplotypes of QFTN.sicau-7BL.1 for fertile tillers number (FTN),three haplotypes of QKNS.sicau-1AL.2 for KNS,and four haplotypes of QTKW.sicau-3BS.1 for TKW were detected.FTN-Hap2,KNS-Hap1,and TKW-Hap2 were excellent haplotypes for each QTL based on the yield performance of 42 varieties in regional trials from 2002 to 2013.The varieties with all three haplotypes showed the highest yield compared to those with either two haplotypes or one haplotype.In addition,the KASP-AX-108866053 marker of QTL QKNS.sicau-1AL.2 was successfully distinguished between three haplotypes(or alleles) in 63 varieties based on the number of kernels per spike in regional trials between 2018 and 2021.These genetic loci and reliable makers can be applied in marker-assisted selection or map-based gene cloning for the genetic improvement of wheat yield.

Influence of surface roughness on the development of moss-dominated biocrusts on mountainous rock-cut slopes in West Sichuan, China

Since natural restoration combined with artificial auxiliary measures may achieve a relatively rapid restoration effect at a lower cost, it has become an essential measure for the ecological restoration of rock slopes. Previous studies have focused heavily on the relationship between substrate nutrients and water conditions and the development of mosses on the rock surface, but quantitative characterization of substantial effect of rock surface texture(e.g., microrelief) on moss growth is absent. The undulating microrelief on the rock surface can increase the heterogeneity of the microhabitat, which may be an important factor affecting the development of mossdominated biocrusts. In this study, the roughness of rock surfaces, moss coverage and biomass, weight and major nutrient contents of soils within the biocrusts were measured in the western mountainous area of Sichuan Province, Southwest China to further examine the role of rock surface microrelief in the biocrusts. The results showed that three main factors affecting the development of the biocrusts were bryophyte emergence, soil accumulation, and lithology. The presence of moss accelerates soil formation on rock surfaces and lead to the accumulation of nutrients so that all parts of the moss-dominated biocrusts system can develop synergistically. It was found that a microrelief structure with a roughness between 1.5 and 2.5 could gather soil and bryophyte propagules effectively, which may have a strong relationship with the angle of repose. When the roughness is 1.5, the corresponding undulation angle is very close to the theoretical minimum value of the undulation angle calculated according to the relationships between the undulation angle of the protrusion, slope and angle of repose.

Biomaterials and tissue engineering in traumatic brain injury:novel perspectives on promoting neural regeneration

Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, limited accessibility to the injury sites, complicated histological and anatomical structure, intricate cellular and extracellular milieu, lack of regenerative capacity in the native cells, vast variety of damage routes, and the insufficient time available for treatment have restricted the widespread application of several therapeutic methods in cases of central nervous system injury. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emerged as innovative approaches in the field of nerve regeneration. By combining biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors, these approaches have provided a platform for developing effective treatments for neural injuries, which can offer the potential to restore neural function, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the need for drugs and invasive surgical procedures. Biomaterials have shown advantages in promoting neural development, inhibiting glial scar formation, and providing a suitable biomimetic neural microenvironment, which makes their application promising in the field of neural regeneration. For instance, bioactive scaffolds loaded with stem cells can provide a biocompatible and biodegradable milieu. Furthermore, stem cells-derived exosomes combine the advantages of stem cells, avoid the risk of immune rejection, cooperate with biomaterials to enhance their biological functions, and exert stable functions, thereby inducing angiogenesis and neural regeneration in patients with traumatic brain injury and promoting the recovery of brain function. Unfortunately, biomaterials have shown positive effects in the laboratory, but when similar materials are used in clinical studies of human central nervous system regeneration, their efficacy is unsatisfactory. Here, we review the characteristics and properties of various bioactive materials, followed by the introduction of applications based on biochemistry and cell molecules, and discuss the emerging role of biomaterials in promoting neural regeneration. Further, we summarize the adaptive biomaterials infused with exosomes produced from stem cells and stem cells themselves for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Finally, we present the main limitations of biomaterials for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and offer insights into their future potential.

3D‑Printed Carbon‑Based Conformal Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Module for Integrated Electronics

Electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI SE)modules are the core com-ponent of modern electronics.However,the tra-ditional metal-based SE modules always take up indispensable three-dimensional space inside electronics,posing a major obstacle to the integra-tion of electronics.The innovation of integrating 3D-printed conformal shielding(c-SE)modules with packaging materials onto core electronics offers infinite possibilities to satisfy ideal SE func-tion without occupying additional space.Herein,the 3D printable carbon-based inks with various proportions of graphene and carbon nanotube nanoparticles are well-formulated by manipulating their rheological peculiarity.Accordingly,the free-constructed architectures with arbitrarily-customized structure and multifunctionality are created via 3D printing.In particular,the SE performance of 3D-printed frame is up to 61.4 dB,simultaneously accompanied with an ultralight architecture of 0.076 g cm^(-3) and a superhigh specific shielding of 802.4 dB cm3 g^(-1).Moreover,as a proof-of-concept,the 3D-printed c-SE module is in situ integrated into core electronics,successfully replacing the traditional metal-based module to afford multiple functions for electromagnetic compatibility and thermal dissipa-tion.Thus,this scientific innovation completely makes up the blank for assembling carbon-based c-SE modules and sheds a brilliant light on developing the next generation of high-performance shielding materials with arbitrarily-customized structure for integrated electronics.

Failure transition of shear-to-dilation band of rock salt under triaxial stresses

Great potential of underground gas/energy storage in salt caverns seems to be a promising solution to support renewable energy.In the underground storage method,the operating cycle unfortunately may reach up to daily or even hourly,which generates complicated pressures on the salt cavern.Furthermore,the mechanical behavior of rock salt may change and present distinct failure characteristics under different stress states,which affects the performance of salt cavern during the time period of full service.To reproduce a similar loading condition on the cavern surrounding rock mass,the cyclic triaxial loading/unloading tests are performed on the rock salt to explore the mechanical transition behavior and failure characteristics under different confinement.Experimental results show that the rock salt samples pre-sent a diffused shear failure band with significant bulges at certain locations in low confining pressure conditions(e.g.5 MPa,10 MPa and 15 MPa),which is closely related to crystal misorientation and grain boundary sliding.Under the elevated confinement(e.g.20 MPa,30 MPa and 40 MPa),the dilation band dominates the failure mechanism,where the large-size halite crystals are crushed to be smaller size and new pores are developing.The failure transition mechanism revealed in the paper provides additional insight into the mechanical performance of salt caverns influenced by complicated stress states.

Thermodynamic equilibrium theory-guided design and synthesis of Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4)/C cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Mn-rich LiFe_(1-x)Mn_(x)PO_(4)(x>0.5),which combines the high operation voltage of LiMnPO_(4)with excellent rate performa nce of LiFePO4,is hindered by its sluggish kinetic properties.Herein,thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of Mn^(2+)-Fe^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-C_(2)O_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O system is used to guide the design and preparation of insitu Mg-doped(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(1-x)Mg_(x)C_(2)O_(4)intermediate,which is then employed as an innovative precursor to synthesize high-performance Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4).It indicates that the metal ions with a high precipitation efficiency and the stoichiometric precursors with uniform element distribution can be achieved under the optimized thermodynamic conditions.Meanwhile,accelerated Li+diffusivity and reduced charge transfer resistance originating from Mg doping are verified by various kinetic characterizations.Benefiting from the contributions of inherited homogeneous element distribution,small particle size,uniform carbon layer coating,enhanced Li+migration ability and structural stability induced by Mg doping,the Li(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(0.97)Mg_(0.03)PO_(4)/C exhibits splendid electrochemical performance.

Exploring non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection:Current treatment optimization and future indication expansion

The increasing popularity of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)as a treatment for early gastric cancer has highlighted the importance of quality assessment in achieving curative resections.This article emphasizes the significance of evaluating ESD quality,not only for curative cases but also for non-curative ones.Postoperative assessment relies on the endoscopic curability(eCura)classification,but management strategies for eCuraC-1 tumour with a positive horizontal margin are unclear.Current research primarily focuses on comparing additional surgical procedures in high-risk patients,while studies specifically targeting eCuraC-1 patients are limited.Exploring management strategies and follow-up outcomes for such cases could provide valuable insights.Furthermore,the application of molecular imaging using near-infrared fluorescent tracers holds promise for precise tumour diagnosis and navigation,potentially impacting the management of early-stage gastric cancer patients.Advancing research in these areas is essential for improving the overall efficacy of endoscopic techniques and refining treatment indications.

Sema3A secreted by sensory nerve induces bone formation under mechanical loads

Bone formation and deposition are initiated by sensory nerve infiltration in adaptive bone remodeling. Here, we focused on the role of Semaphorin 3A(Sema3A), expressed by sensory nerves, in mechanical loads-induced bone formation and nerve withdrawal using orthodontic tooth movement(OTM) model. Firstly, bone formation was activated after the 3rd day of OTM,coinciding with a decrease in sensory nerves and an increase in pain threshold. Sema3A, rather than nerve growth factor(NGF),highly expressed in both trigeminal ganglion and the axons of periodontal ligament following the 3rd day of OTM. Moreover, in vitro mechanical loads upregulated Sema3A in neurons instead of in human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs) within 24 hours.Furthermore, exogenous Sema3A restored the suppressed alveolar bone formation and the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs induced by mechanical overload. Mechanistically, Sema3A prevented overstretching of F-actin induced by mechanical overload through ROCK2 pathway, maintaining mitochondrial dynamics as mitochondrial fusion. Therefore, Sema3A exhibits dual therapeutic effects in mechanical loads-induced bone formation, both as a pain-sensitive analgesic and a positive regulator for bone formation.

Magnesium promotes vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic states

Diabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues.Magnesium has been proved to promote bone healing under normal conditions.Here,we elucidate the mechanism by which Mg^(2+)promotes angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic status.We generated a diabetic mice model and demonstrated thealveolar bone healing was compromised,with significantly decreased angiogenesis.We then developed Mg-coating implants with hydrothermal synthesis.These implants successfully improved the vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic status.Mechanically,Mg^(2+)promoted the degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the nucleation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by up-regulating the expression of sestrin 2 (SESN2) in endothelial cells,thus reducing theelevated levels of oxidative stress in mitochondria and relieving endothelial cell dysfunction under hyperglycemia.Altogether,our data suggested that Mg^(2+)promoted angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic mice by regulating endothelial mitochondria metabolism.

The role and applications of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture,which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures.The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles(EVs),which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts.EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis.Specifically,EVs released by osteoblasts,endothelial cells,myocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins,miRNAs,and cytokines.Conversely,EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation.Furthermore,the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising.Here,we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis,including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis.Furthermore,we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.

Emerging roles of exosomes in oral diseases progression

Oral diseases, such as periodontitis, salivary gland diseases, and oral cancers, significantly challenge health conditions due to their detrimental effects on patient's digestive functions, pronunciation, and esthetic demands. Delayed diagnosis and non-targeted treatment profoundly influence patients' prognosis and quality of life. The exploration of innovative approaches for early detection and precise treatment represents a promising frontier in oral medicine.

Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate improve high-carbohydrate diet utilization by regulating gut microbiota, liver lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

Background Adequate level of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help to conserve protein and reduce cost. However, studies have indicated that high-carbohydrate(HC) diet disrupt the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in largemouth bass, resulting in decreased intestinal acetate and butyrate level.Method Herein, we had concepted a set of feeding experiment to assess the effects of dietary sodium acetate(SA) and sodium butyrate(SB) on liver health and the intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass fed an HC diet. The experimental design comprised 5 isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including LC(9% starch), HC(18% starch), HCSA(18% starch;2 g/kg SA), HCSB(18% starch;2 g/kg SB), and HCSASB(18% starch;1 g/kg SA + 1 g/kg SB). Juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were fed on these diets for 56 d.Results We found that dietary SA and SB reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation by activating autophagy(ATG101, LC3B and TFEB), promoting lipolysis(CPT1α, HSL and AMPKα), and inhibiting adipogenesis(FAS, ACCA, SCD1 and PPARγ). In addition, SA and SB decreased oxidative stress in the liver(CAT, GPX1α and SOD1) by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Meanwhile, SA and SB alleviated HC-induced inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors(IL-1β, COX2 and Hepcidin1) through the NF-κB pathway. Importantly, SA and SB increased the abundance of bacteria that produced acetic acid and butyrate(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1). Combined with the KEGG analysis, the results showed that SA and SB enriched carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways, thereby improving the utilization of carbohydrates. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that growth performance was closely related to hepatic lipid deposition, autophagy, antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and intestinal microbial composition.Conclusions In conclusion, dietary SA and SB can reduce hepatic lipid deposition;and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in largemouth bass fed on HC diet. These beneficial effects may be due to the altered composition of the gut microbiota caused by SA and SB. The improvement effects of SB were stronger than those associated with SA.

Understanding the Relationship Between Shrinking Cities and Land Prices:Spatial Pattern,Effectiveness,and Policy Implications

Urban shrinkage has emerged as a widespread phenomenon globally and has a significant impact on land,particularly in terms of land use and price.This study focuses on 2851 county-level cities in China in 2005–2018(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan,and‘no data’areas in Qinhai-Tibet Plateau)as the fundamental units of analysis.By employing nighttime light(NTL)data to identify shrinking cities,the propensity score matching(PSM)model was used to quantitatively examine the impact of shrinking cities on land prices,and evaluate the magnitude of this influence.The findings demonstrate the following:1)there were 613 shrinking cities in China,with moderate shrinkage being the most prevalent and severe shrinkage being the least.2)Regional disparities are evident in the spatial distribution of shrinking cities,especially in areas with diverse terrain.3)The spatial pattern of land price exhibits a significant correlated to the economic and administrative levels.4)Shrinking cities significantly negatively impact on the overall land price(ATT=–0.1241,P<0.05).However,the extent of the effect varies significantly among different spatial regions.This study contributes novel insights into the investigation of land prices and shrinking cities,ultimately serving as a foundation for government efforts to promote the sustainable development of urban areas.