Shale Stone and Fly Ash Landfill Use in Landslide Hazardous Area in Sirnak City with Foam Concrete

Sirnak City and the surrounding areas are on steeper slopes. There are sliding large land masses or rocks. Underground water and harsh climatic conditions contain high risk hazard areas in urban living site with higher population density. In order to eliminate landslides and related events, significant precautions should be taken. The mapping of landslide risk may ease to take precautions. Even the application of landfill rock may reduce water content of soil. In this research, fly ash and Mine Waste shale stone were used with low density foam concrete. Waste mixture at certain proportions decreased cement use. Shale stone as fine aggregate instead of fly ash in specific proportions improved mechanical strength and porosity. Hence landslide hazardous area could be safer for urban living.

Benefaction and Pyrolysis of Sirnak Asphaltite and Lignite

Depending on advanced technological developments in energy production the low quality coals needed the most economical technologies and even in order to make it possible to produce coal-derived products. Compliance with environmental norms of coal pyrolysis or gasification of various type of coals, feasible combustion systems and energy production facilities are needed in today's modern technology, also enable the production of liquid and gaseous coal fuels. However, raw materials and chemical nature of them requires a variety of adaptation methods. This study examined the high sulfur and ash types of Kütahya, Denizli, Aydin, Soma lignite, Sirnak asphaltite and lignite. The representative samples were taken from local areas of the lignites. Fundamentally, the conditions regarding better desulfurization way, the high quality pyrolysis lignite oil production, high value light oil, coal tar and gas products were determined at the goal of high fuel producing yield.

Technologic Tests of Turkey-Gordes Zeolite Minerals

Natural zeolites are found at many points of the world in the form of minerals. As for Turkey, quite large volumes of zeolites reserves are available in the following regions: Ankara (Nallihan, Beypazari, Polatli etc.), Kütahya-Sa- phane, Manisa-Gordes, Manisa-Demirci, Izmir-Urla, Balikesir-Bigadiçand Cappadocia. By means of the works carried out only at the field in Balikesir- Bigadiçregion, one of the detected reserves in Turkey, it was understood that an easily workable potential around 500 million ton is available. According to the very limited observations made until today, it is stated that the total reserve in our country may be around 500 billion ton. In these regions, the types of clinoptilolite, hoylandit, chabazite, analcime and erionite from the zeolite minerals exist. Zeolites are widely used in many sectors such as energy, environment, construction, detergent, chemistry, medicine, mining, agriculture and livestock. Zeolites also provide great benefits when they are used especially in agriculture and livestock for the purpose of preventing environmental pollution threatening human being. In this study, zeolite sample taken from Manisa-Gördes region was used. Following the processes of crushing and sieving, zeolite sample was subjected to chemical analyses according to their grain thickness, microscopic examination, the analyses of XRD and Technological Tests (ceramic pre-technological reviews, value of oil absorption, whiteness measurements, examination of the zeolite sample as cat litter, determination of bleaching capability, porosity values) and their ore characteristics were determined. After the analyses, ferrous oxide, biotite, quartz, muscovite, feldspar, chlorite, non-zeolite silicates and metamorphic rock fragments have been found. This zeolite mineral with high mineral purity has been suggested to clear off all impurities via ore preparation and enrichment methods.

Benefaction from Carbonation of Flue Gas CO_(2) as Coal Mining Filling

CO2 capturing, transport and sequestration by pressurized water dissolution and reacting by natural alkali lime and magnesia in coal fly ash or other sources become an industrial advantageous sequestration option resulting in green waste solutions or solid fines. Mg and Ca containing minerals are reacting with CO2 to form carbonates. Various types of fly ash materials may react with CO2 to form carbonate regarding ash composition and reaction parameters. Mineral sequestration of CO2 will also allow using the products in cement industry or as cement material in constructions with low cost. This paper discussed progress on coal mining filling by carbonation method using coal fly ash of Soma, Yatagan, Afsin Elbistan Power Stations. Other filler materials containing coal mine waste shale, fly ashes and foam concrete, and additives were searched for pretreatment methods to enhance cement reactivity;and in analyzing the structural changes to identify reaction paths and potential barriers.

Chaotic Aquila Optimization Algorithm for Solving Phase Equilibrium Problems and Parameter Estimation of Semi-empirical Models

This research study aims to enhance the optimization performance of a newly emerged Aquila Optimization algorithm by incorporating chaotic sequences rather than using uniformly generated Gaussian random numbers.This work employs 25 different chaotic maps under the framework of Aquila Optimizer.It considers the ten best chaotic variants for performance evaluation on multidimensional test functions composed of unimodal and multimodal problems,which have yet to be studied in past literature works.It was found that Ikeda chaotic map enhanced Aquila Optimization algorithm yields the best predictions and becomes the leading method in most of the cases.To test the effectivity of this chaotic variant on real-world optimization problems,it is employed on two constrained engineering design problems,and its effectiveness has been verified.Finally,phase equilibrium and semi-empirical parameter estimation problems have been solved by the proposed method,and respective solutions have been compared with those obtained from state-of-art optimizers.It is observed that CH01 can successfully cope with the restrictive nonlinearities and nonconvexities of parameter estimation and phase equilibrium problems,showing the capabilities of yielding minimum prediction error values of no more than 0.05 compared to the remaining algorithms utilized in the performance benchmarking process.