First normative reference of standing long jump indicates gender difference in lower muscular strength of Macedonian school children

Background: This is the first study to publish the normative reference values for assessment of the level of muscular strength through the “standing long jump” test carried out on a large sample of Macedonian school children. The normative values encompass a wide span of years (6 - 18). Methods: The research was realized in a large sample of 12618 school children at the age of 6 to 18 years from Macedonia. The sample was divided in 14 groups, according to chronological age and each age group was divided into two subgroups according to the criteria of gender. For estimation of the morphologic characteristics, the following anthropometric measures have been applied: body height in standing position (cm), body weight (kg), as well as the body mass index (BMI). Children aged 6 or above were invited to take a standing long jump test. Results: Boys show statistically better results in all age categories in the standing long jump test than girls, and these differences become bigger with the increase of age, especially after the 14th year

Prognostic value of von-Willebrand factor in patients with liver cirrhosis and its relation to other prognostic indicators

BACKGROUND Von-Willebrand factor(vWF)disposes certain prognostic value in patients with liver cirrhosis,but its relation to other prognostic indicators has not been fully investigated.AIM To analyze the relation between vWF and other prognostic indicators in cirrhotic patients and to evaluate its prognostic value for mortality.METHODS This analytic prospective study was carried out in a tertiary center and initially enrolled 71 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.It analyzed the relation between vWF and the stage of the disease and several inflammatory and prognostic indicators.The prospective analysis,performed on a sample of 63 patients,evaluated the association between the selected variables[vWF,Model for End-stage Liver Disease(MELD)score,C-reactive protein(CRP),ferritin,vitamin D,activated partial thromboplastin time,thrombin time,D-dimer concentration]and the survival time as well as their predictive value in terms of 3-mo,6-mo and 1-year mortality.RESULTS vWF was significantly higher in patients with higher Child-Turcotte-Pugh class(P=0.0045),MELD group(P=0.0057),ferritin group(P=0.0278),and D-dimer concentration(P=0.0232).vWF significantly correlated with D-dimer concentration,ferritin,CRP,International Normalized Ratio,and MELD,Child-Turcotte-Pugh,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,and CLIF-consortium organ failure(CLIF-C OF)scores.vWF,MELD score,and CRP were significantly associated with death and were significant predictors of 3-mo,6-mo,and 1-year mortality.Each vWF unit significantly increased the probability for 3-mo mortality by 1.005 times(P=0.008),for 6-mo mortality by 1.006 times(P=0.005),and for 1-year mortality by 1.007 times(P=0.002).There was no significant difference between the diagnostic performance of vWF and MELD score and also between vWF and CRP regarding the 3-mo,6-mo,and 1-year mortality.CONCLUSION In patients with liver cirrhosis,vWF is significantly related to other prognostic indicators and is a significant predictor of 3-mo,6-mo,and 1-year mortality similar to MELD score and CRP.

Dew Computing and Transition of Internet Computing Paradigms

The goal of this paper focuses on the development of dew computing, including its origins, research status, development status,and its impact on the transition history of Internet computing paradigms. By gathering and studying all the research papers related to dew computing that we are aware of, we found that these papers can be classified into three groups: dew computing early explorations, dew computing feature research, and dew computing application research. Commercial development in the dew computing area also has progressed fast recently; many dew computing products were developed and put into the market. To distinguish dew computing from other Internet computing paradigms and to reveal its essential features, we analyze the transition history of the Internet computing paradigms from information location and distribution aspects. Online impact and redundancy rate are two indices introduced to perform the analysis. The analysis reveals that dew computing is significantly different from other Internet computing paradigms.

Bacteriological Identification of Selected Pathogens in Infected Primary and Young Permanent Teeth Associated with Clinical Symptoms

Background: The common cause of dental infections is necrosis of the pulp of a tooth, which is followed by bacterial invasion through the pulp chamber into the deeper tissues. The bacterial infections are caused by host indigenous bacteria primarily aerobic gram positive cocci, anaerobic gram negative and gram negative rods. The aim of this study is to identify the presence of different cultivating microorganisms which cause dental infections in primary and young permanent teeth manifested by as abscesses and apical parodontitis. Material and Methods: Seventy kids ages 5 - 15 years ( 36 females, 34 males) were studied prospectively (I assume this) at the University Dental Clincal Center of Kosovo, Department of Pediatric Dentistry in cooperation with Microbiological Department of Faculty of Medicine. All patients who had clinical, and radiological confirmation of thier dental infections, followed by extraction of their teeth. Once the tooth was extracted blood and pus sample from the empty alveoli were cultured. The analysis of the sample for bacteria identification was done using the automated system VITEK 2 cards (Biomeriux, France). Results: Of 70 children’s with deciduous 73.5% of them had acute infection and 26.5% chronic infection. On the other hand 75% of children with permanent dentitions had chronic and 25% acute infection. In acute infections the most common aerobic bacteria was Streptococcus group with 47% (Streptococcus mitis and oralis) followed by the Actonomyces group (Actinomyces mayeri and Actinomyces odontoliticus) and anaerobic bacteria in 34%. In chronic infections streptococcus group was the prevalent aerobic group and in anaerobic infection Actinomyces mayeri and Actinomyces naeslundi was the most representative aerobes in 21% of samples. Conclusion: The dental infections in pediatric population (5 - 15 years old) are polymicrobial predominantly anaerobic bacteria over aerobic. This study paves the way for preventives measures that need to me implemented in this group of children.

Clinical and Pathohistological Profiles of Chronic Odontogenic Infections with Microvascular Proliferation in Children with Permanent Dentition

The apical periodontitis as an infection is the result of endodontic infections and is manifested when the immunological system of the host is activated from microorganisms which penetrate in to the dental pulp through the root canals. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical diagnosis and the pathohistological identification of chronic odontogenic infections with microvascular proliferation. The study was carried out in University Dental Clinical Center of Kosova in cooperation with Histopathology Departement. In this study were included 36 children between 10 - 15 years old, 20 girls and 16 boys, with permanent dentition and chronic apical changes. After the clinical and x-ray examination, the tooth extraction was done, and then the tissue of periapical region was taken, by the exvaction of the periapical granulomas and the other pathological tissues. From a total of 36 children with chronic apical changes and granulomas, 9 (25.0%) of the children had chronic apical periodontitis, from which 6 (16.67%) of the children did not have microvascular proliferation, 1 (2.78%) child had a medium level of microvascular proliferation and 2 (5.56%) children had signification microvascular changes (proliferation). A total of 6 (16.67%) children had chronic apical periodontitis with a fistula from which 5 (13.89%) children did not have microvascular proliferation and 1 (2.78%) child had a medium level of microvascular proliferation. A total of 5 (13.89%) children had chronic apical periodontitis with parulis, from which 3 (8.33%) children did not have microvascular proliferation, 1 (2.78%) child had a low level of microvascular proliferation and 1 (2.78%) child had severe microvascular proliferation.

Advanced Method for Forecasting and Warning of Severe Convective Weather and Local-scale Hazards

Hurricane Ida ferociously affected many south-eastern and eastern parts of the United States,making it one of the strongest hurricanes in recent years.Advanced forecast and warning tool has been used to track the path of the ex-Hurricane,Ida,as it left New Orleans on its way towards the northeast,accurately predicting significant supercell development above New York City on September 01,2021.This advanced method accurately detected the area with the highest possible level of convective instability with 24-h lead time and even Level 5,devised in the categorical outlooks legend of the system.Therefore,an extreme level implied a very high probability of the local-scale hazard occurring above the NYC.Cloud model output fields(updrafts and downdrafts,wind shear,near-surface convergence,the vertical component of relative vorticity)show the rapid development of a strong supercell storm with rotating updrafts and a mesocyclone.The characteristic hook-shaped echo signature visible in the reflectivity patterns indicates a signal for a highly precipitable(HP)supercell with the possibility of tornado initiation.Open boundary conditions represent a good basis for simulating a tornado that evolved from a supercell storm,initialized with initial data obtained from a real-time simulation in the period when the bow echo and tornado-like signature occurred.Тhe modeled results agree well with the observations.

Death of Children:Aloofness,Alienation and Self-Alienation in Jude the obscure

The aim of this paper is to display Thomas Hardy's outlook on alienation in his Jude the obscure. In the deconstruction of the novel, the theme of alienation and self-alienation, together with the aloofness in society are brought to the fore, by which Thomas Hardy's viewpoints on alienation in his philosophy of life is derived.

A Hybrid System Approach for High Consumption Industrial Furnace Control

In this paper we describe a hybrid system approach for high consumption industrial furnace control. The problem is observed in systematic way starting from the need for modeling this system as hybrid. For description of this behavior we use the Hybrid System Description Language. After that, we design an optimal controller for the furnace and we simulate and compare the controller with other relevant predictive controllers. We have shown that using the hybrid approach for control of industrial furnaces leads to significant improvement of the control system performances.

Splitting of Spectra in Anharmonic Oscillators Described by Kratzer Potential Function

A perturbation theory model that describes splitting of the spectra in highly symmetrical molecular speciesin electrostatic field is proposed.An anahrmonic model of a two-dimensional oscillator having Kratzer potential energyfunction is used to model the molecular species and to represent the unperturbed system.A selection rule for the radialquantum number of the oscillator is derived.The eigenfunctions of a two-dimensional anharmonic oscillator in cylindricalcoordinates are used for the matrix elements representing the probability for energy transitions in dipole approximationto be calculated.Several forms of perturbation operators are proposed to model the interaction between the polyatomicmolecular species and an electrostatic field.It is found that the degeneracy is removed in the presence of the electricGeld and spectral splitting occurs.Anharmonic approximation for the unperturbed system is more accurate and reliablerepresentation of a real polyatomic molecular species.

Sparse Autoencoder-based Multi-head Deep Neural Networks for Machinery Fault Diagnostics with Detection of Novelties

Supervised fault diagnosis typically assumes that all the types of machinery failures are known.However,in practice unknown types of defect,i.e.,novelties,may occur,whose detection is a challenging task.In this paper,a novel fault diagnostic method is developed for both diagnostics and detection of novelties.To this end,a sparse autoencoder-based multi-head Deep Neural Network(DNN)is presented to jointly learn a shared encoding representation for both unsupervised reconstruction and supervised classification of the monitoring data.The detection of novelties is based on the reconstruction error.Moreover,the computational burden is reduced by directly training the multi-head DNN with rectified linear unit activation function,instead of performing the pre-training and fine-tuning phases required for classical DNNs.The addressed method is applied to a benchmark bearing case study and to experimental data acquired from a delta 3D printer.The results show that its performance is satisfactory both in detection of novelties and fault diagnosis,outperforming other state-of-the-art methods.This research proposes a novel fault diagnostics method which can not only diagnose the known type of defect,but also detect unknown types of defects.

棉织物的轧卷法生物酶精练工艺

绝大多数传统的纯棉机织物是通过平幅轧卷法来进行湿态加工的,包括3个主要步骤：退浆、精练、漂白。一般而言,酶精练能够代替碱精练。本实验探讨了采用轧卷法进行酶精练和漂白的纯棉机织物的质量参数,如收缩率、重量、断裂强力、断裂伸长率、耐摩擦牢度、白度和颜色参数,并在水洗前和10次水洗后与碱精练效果作了比较。另外,还研究了残液的COD值、循环时间、用水量和耗能量,并与碱精练进行了比较。

Terrain Details Effect on Connectivity in Ad hoc Wireless Networks

In this work, we conduct a research on the effects of the details of the terrain on the path establishment in wireless networks. We discuss how the terrain induced variations, that are unavoidably caused by the obstructions and irregularities in the surroundings of the transmitting and the receiving antennas, have two distinct effects on the network. Firstly, they reduce the amount of links in the network connectivity graph causing it to behave more randomly, while decreasing the coverage and capacity of the network. Secondly, they increase the length of the established paths between the nodes. The presented results show how the terrain oblique influences the layout of the network connectivity graph, in terms of different network metrics, and gives insight to the appropriate level of details needed to describe the terrain in order to obtain results that will be satisfyingly accurate.

Recurrence in The Mayor of Casterbridge

This paper aims to reveal recurrence in Thomas Hardy's philosophy of life. Influenced by Nietzsche and Schopenhauer, Hardy also holds the viewpoint of historical recurrence. Through the textual analysis of the recurrence of the characters and surroundings, Hardy's View on recurrence in his The Mayor of Casterbridge transparently displayed in this article.

Erosive wear properties of ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites: Influence of type, amount, and size of nanoparticle reinforcements

Metal matrix nanocomposites(MMnCs)comprise a metal matrix filled with nanosized reinforcements with physical and mechanical properties that are very different from those of the matrix.In ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites,the metal matrix provides ductility and toughness,while usually used ceramic reinforcements give high strength and hardness.Tested ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites,reinforced with different types(Si C and Al2O3),amounts(0.2 wt.%,0.3 wt.%,and 0.5 wt.%)and sizes(25 nm,50 nm,and 100 nm)of nanoparticles were produced through the compocasting process with mechanical alloying pre-processing(ball milling).It was previously shown that the presence of nanoparticles in ZA-27 alloy-based nanocomposites led to the formation of a finer structure in the nanocomposites matrix and an improvement in the basic mechanical properties(hardness and compressive yield strength)through the enhanced dislocation density strengthening mechanism.Solid particle erosive wear testing demonstrated that these improvements were followed with an increase in the erosive wear resistance of tested nanocomposites,as well.Additionally,by analyzing the influences of type,amount,and size of nanoparticles on the erosive wear resistance of nanocomposites,it was demonstrated that there is an optimal amount of nanoparticles,which in our case is 0.3 wt.%,and that the presence of SiC nanoparticles and smaller nanoparticles in nanocomposites had more beneficial influence on erosive wear resistance.

Databases fit for blockchain technology:A complete overview

Efficient data storage and query processing systems play a vital role in many different research areas.Blockchain technology and distributed ledgers attract massive attention and trigger multiple projects in various industries.Nevertheless,blockchain still lacks the features of a Database Management System(DBMS or simply databases),such as high throughput,low latency,and high capacity.For that purpose,there have been many proposed approaches for handling data storage and query processing solutions in the blockchain.This paper presents a complete overview of many different DBMS types and how these systems can be used to implement,enhance,and further improve blockchain technology.More concretely,we give an overview of 10 transactional,an extensive overview of 14 analytical,9 hybrids,i.e.,translytical,and 13 blockchain DBMSs.We explain how database technology has influenced the development of blockchain technology by unlocking different features,such as Atomicity,Consistency,Isolation,and Durability(ACID),transaction consistency,rich queries,real-time analysis,and low latency.Using a relaxation approach analogous to the one used to prove the Consistency,Availability,Partition tolerance(CAP)-theorem,we postulate a“Decentralization,Consistency,and Scalability(DCS)-satisfiability conjecture”and give concrete strategies for achieving the relaxed DCS conditions.We also provide an overview of the different DBMSs,emphasizing their architecture,storage manager,query processing,and implementation.

OVERVIEW OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS IN SPORT

The complex systems approach offers an opportunity to replace the extant pre-dominant mechanistic view on sport-related phenomena.The emphasis on the environment-system relationship,the applications of complexity principles,and the use of nonlinear dynamics mathematical tools propose a deep change in sport science.Coordination dynamics,ecological dynamics,and network approaches have been successfully applied to the study of different sport-related behaviors,from movement patterns that emerge at different scales constrained by specific sport contexts to game dynamics.Sport benefit from the use of such approaches in the understanding of technical,tactical,or physical conditioning aspects which change their meaning and dilute their frontiers.The creation of new learning and training strategies for teams and individual athletes is a main practical consequence.Some challenges for the future are investigating the influence of key control parameters in the nonlinear behavior of athlete-environment systems and the possible relatedness of the dynamics and constraints acting at different spatio-temporal scales in team sports.Modelling sport-related phenomena can make useful contributions to a better understanding of complex systems and vice-versa.

DESCENT DIRECTION STOCHASTIC APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM WITH ADAPTIVE STEP SIZES

A stochastic approximation (SA)algorithm with new adaptive step sizes for solving unconstrained minimization problems in noisy environment is proposed.New adaptive step size scheme uses ordered statistics of fixed number of previous noisy function values as a criterion for accepting good and rejecting bad steps.The scheine allows the algorithm to move in bigger steps and avoid steps proportional to 1/k when it is expected that larger steps will improve the performance.An algorithin with the new adaptive scheme is defined for a general descent direction.The ahnost sure convergence is established.The performance of new algorithm is tested on a set of standard test problems and compared with relevant algorithms.Numerical results support theoretical expectations and verify efficiency of the algorithm regardless of chosen search direction and noise level.Numerical results on probleins arising in machine learning are also presented.Linear regression problem is considered using real data set.The results suggest that the proposed algorithln shows proinise.