1. Introduction At the beginning of 2009, CSR Sifang Co.,Ltd. initiated the activity of constructing ＂National AAAA- Class Enterprise with Good Practice on Standardization＂ （hereafter referred to as The Activity）...1. Introduction At the beginning of 2009, CSR Sifang Co.,Ltd. initiated the activity of constructing ＂National AAAA- Class Enterprise with Good Practice on Standardization＂ （hereafter referred to as The Activity） which aims at strengthening enterprise standardization work and promoting the enterprise standardization management level. By this activity, CSR Sifang integrated multiple individual standards into the standards system, settling the problem of standards coexistence and simplifying system documents based on the enterprise standards system flame to guide production and operation and management, as well as support to keep advancement of enterprise management.展开更多
Nowadays with the developmental theme of ＂knowledge economy and information network＂, technical standards increasingly become a vital means of the economic globalization competition. In the global market strategy of...Nowadays with the developmental theme of ＂knowledge economy and information network＂, technical standards increasingly become a vital means of the economic globalization competition. In the global market strategy of ＂whoever sets standards wins the market＂, it is the technological leaders that as relevant standards developers take the initiative on the world market. Therefore, from mainly addressing the universality and interoperatability of product parts in the past, technical standards have been respected as the new technical concept and gradually become the commanding height of the industry competition.展开更多
Park city is relatively a new thing,and there is no term or definition of park city at present.The park city development reflects the thoughts of ecological progress and governance in urban planning and construction,w...Park city is relatively a new thing,and there is no term or definition of park city at present.The park city development reflects the thoughts of ecological progress and governance in urban planning and construction,which indicates the direction of urban construction in the new era.This paper reviews the development and standardization of global park cities,expounds the feasibility of promoting the construction of park city by means of standardization,and explores the development path of park city standardization.展开更多
There is a CAD （computer-aided design） data exchange format named SXF （scadec exchange format） in the field of Japanese public works which was developed by a consortium in 1999 to be based on the ISO 10303-202, so...There is a CAD （computer-aided design） data exchange format named SXF （scadec exchange format） in the field of Japanese public works which was developed by a consortium in 1999 to be based on the ISO 10303-202, so that the MLIT （Ministry of Land, Infi＇astructure, Transportation and Tourism） could start e-delivery （e-submit） of CAD drawings. It is one of targets for CALS/EC （continuous acquisition and lifecycle support/electric commerce） program which MLIT are promoting since 1999. Most of local governments have followed the MLIT to start e-delivery, so that SXF has become to be a standard in the public works in Japan with many problems. SXF is an exchange format and so many design companies or contractors would submit the CAD drawings with transferred format before the delivery of e-submit even if they use usually another CAD in their offices. This paper will introduce the standard of CAD exchange format SXF through the activities of Japanese public works.展开更多
In 2015,southeast China’s coastal Fujian province as one of the first few chosen provinces,carried out the pilot work for the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product&Service Standards(System ...In 2015,southeast China’s coastal Fujian province as one of the first few chosen provinces,carried out the pilot work for the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product&Service Standards(System for short),a priority of the national standardization reform.With decentralized power and reasonable management,the province has adopted an innovative methodology of"3+2+2",namely 3 measures,2 tools and 2 platforms,making steady headway in the process.展开更多
One of the six measures of Chinese standardization reform is to promote the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product and Service Standards in the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC...One of the six measures of Chinese standardization reform is to promote the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product and Service Standards in the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,which is of great significance for reducing enterprise’s cost,optimizing business environment and stimulating the market’s vitality.Shangdong province,one of the first batch of 7 provinces and municipalities,initiated展开更多
Zhejiang,an eastern coastal province of China,ranks the fourth place in the country for its GDP contribution of 430 million yuan in 2015with an increase of 8 percent.The province has formed the economic structure feat...Zhejiang,an eastern coastal province of China,ranks the fourth place in the country for its GDP contribution of 430 million yuan in 2015with an increase of 8 percent.The province has formed the economic structure featured with a large number of SMEs since the reform and opening up policy implemented in the 1980s.As of the end of June 2015,the registered enterprises in Zhejiang reach nearly 500,000,of which SMEs,accounting for 95%,contribute to over 60%of the province’s GDP.展开更多
As we know, facing global challenges in environmental protection, energy supply and demographic change, new technologies are likely to be increasingly utilized, in order to support the changing demands of consumers an...As we know, facing global challenges in environmental protection, energy supply and demographic change, new technologies are likely to be increasingly utilized, in order to support the changing demands of consumers and international markets, the well-being and sustainability of society and industry. Moreover, these development trends have led to a growing convergence of technologies, e.g. the integration of smart grids, smart home and building,展开更多
Chahua Modern Housewares Co.,Ltd.(CHAHUA),a leading company in the plastic housewares industry located at Fujian province in southeastern China,has involved in various personnel training and workshops on the Self-decl...Chahua Modern Housewares Co.,Ltd.(CHAHUA),a leading company in the plastic housewares industry located at Fujian province in southeastern China,has involved in various personnel training and workshops on the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product and Service Standards since 2015,fully understanding this one of six standardization reform measures in China and disclosing 67 enterprise standards.As an展开更多
Abstract： Nowadays energy saving and environmental protection are crucial issues in the international society. One of the best solutions for both issues is to improve energy efficiency. To improve energy efficiency, ...Abstract： Nowadays energy saving and environmental protection are crucial issues in the international society. One of the best solutions for both issues is to improve energy efficiency. To improve energy efficiency, it is commonly recognized by both standards and energy sectors that Minimum Energy Performance Standards （MEPS） could play an important role . China and the USA, the top two energy consumption countries in the world, both have adopted MEPS program to address the problem of energy conservation and environmental protection. This paper analyzes and compares the two countries＇ MEPS programs from a historical and legal context, examining the role of different stakeholders in the process,the process, the outcomes by standards,and then makes some recommendations for both sides.展开更多
In accordance with the strategy of serving as the centers of politics,culture,international cooperation and technical innovation and the requirements of coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,China’s ca...In accordance with the strategy of serving as the centers of politics,culture,international cooperation and technical innovation and the requirements of coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,China’s capital,Beijing is exploring the standardization ways in terms of population,industry,products and services to govern the great metropolis via market-oriented methods to deal with the 'urban problems'.展开更多
The electrical safety requirements of soybean milk machines with Chinese food cooking characteristics and thefunctions of liquid heating and material crushing cannot be simply constituted by combining liquid heater st...The electrical safety requirements of soybean milk machines with Chinese food cooking characteristics and thefunctions of liquid heating and material crushing cannot be simply constituted by combining liquid heater standard （IEC 60335-2-15） and kitchen appliances standard （IEC 60335-2-14）. The alternating operation of rotation and heating and the antiburnt function may be the special features of safety and performance of soybean milk machines, so it is necessary to take into account those special features in the current standards by some means.展开更多
This paper studies the administrative service standards system construction and application in Tai＇An, China＇s first administrative service standardization demonstration city, proposes a new way for local government...This paper studies the administrative service standards system construction and application in Tai＇An, China＇s first administrative service standardization demonstration city, proposes a new way for local government to strengthen self-improvement and elevate the public satisfacton level, and provides important technical support for service-oriented governmental administration mode explorations.展开更多
The integration of informatization and industrialization （111） is a long-term key strategic deployment and a main priority of China in building a manufacturing power, With years of practice, a new route for in-depth...The integration of informatization and industrialization （111） is a long-term key strategic deployment and a main priority of China in building a manufacturing power, With years of practice, a new route for in-depth integration and industrial transformation and upgrading has been explored with the leading role of related management system standards.展开更多
Thailand has continuously established biosafety and security laws since 1932.The present law,the Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act 2015,was established for the controlled production,possession,sales,import,export,and tr...Thailand has continuously established biosafety and security laws since 1932.The present law,the Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act 2015,was established for the controlled production,possession,sales,import,export,and transit of pathogens and animal toxins.The law is in accordance with the current world situation—that is,outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging diseases and the development of modern biotechnology,such as genetic modification of pathogens with the potential for beneficial or harmful use.The principles of the pathogen control measures of Thai law are similar to those of foreign laws in countries such as Canada,the United States,Singapore,and the People’s Republic of China.Control measures are based on the risk levels of pathogens to humans,animals,and the environment.This review briefly presents details of the law’s development in Thailand.Details are given in comparison with those of other countries;the export and import of pathogens and animal toxins according to EU export controls are also discussed.The practice and experience of applying the law in Thailand are also presented.Dissemination of enforcement details will ensure effective legal biosafety and biosecurity control measures in Thailand.This may be useful for establishing a law involving regulatory controls for biosafety and biosecurity.展开更多
Using an audiometer, the effect of the noise level upon temporary threshold shift (TTS) for five trained normal subjects (left ear only) was studied. The measurements were carried out after 6 min exposure (in third oc...Using an audiometer, the effect of the noise level upon temporary threshold shift (TTS) for five trained normal subjects (left ear only) was studied. The measurements were carried out after 6 min exposure (in third octave band) for different sound pressure levels ranging between 75-105 dB at three test frequencies 2,3, and 4 kHz. The results indicated that at exposure to noise of sound pressure level (SPL) above 85 dB, TTS increases linearly with ths SPL for all the test frequencies. The work had extended to study the recovery curves for the same ears. The results indicated that the reduction in TTS on doubling the recovery times, for the two sound pressure levels 95 dB and 105 dB, occurs at a rate of nearly 3 dB. The comparison of the recovery curve at 3 kHz with that calculated using Ward's general equation for recovery was made. Finally, to study the values of TTS produced by exposure to certain noise at different test frequencies, distribution curves for two recovery times were plotted representing TTS values, for an exposure noise of 1 / 3 octave band and centre frequency 2 kHz, at different test frequencies.展开更多
文摘1. Introduction At the beginning of 2009, CSR Sifang Co.,Ltd. initiated the activity of constructing ＂National AAAA- Class Enterprise with Good Practice on Standardization＂ （hereafter referred to as The Activity） which aims at strengthening enterprise standardization work and promoting the enterprise standardization management level. By this activity, CSR Sifang integrated multiple individual standards into the standards system, settling the problem of standards coexistence and simplifying system documents based on the enterprise standards system flame to guide production and operation and management, as well as support to keep advancement of enterprise management.
文摘Nowadays with the developmental theme of ＂knowledge economy and information network＂, technical standards increasingly become a vital means of the economic globalization competition. In the global market strategy of ＂whoever sets standards wins the market＂, it is the technological leaders that as relevant standards developers take the initiative on the world market. Therefore, from mainly addressing the universality and interoperatability of product parts in the past, technical standards have been respected as the new technical concept and gradually become the commanding height of the industry competition.
文摘Park city is relatively a new thing,and there is no term or definition of park city at present.The park city development reflects the thoughts of ecological progress and governance in urban planning and construction,which indicates the direction of urban construction in the new era.This paper reviews the development and standardization of global park cities,expounds the feasibility of promoting the construction of park city by means of standardization,and explores the development path of park city standardization.
文摘There is a CAD （computer-aided design） data exchange format named SXF （scadec exchange format） in the field of Japanese public works which was developed by a consortium in 1999 to be based on the ISO 10303-202, so that the MLIT （Ministry of Land, Infi＇astructure, Transportation and Tourism） could start e-delivery （e-submit） of CAD drawings. It is one of targets for CALS/EC （continuous acquisition and lifecycle support/electric commerce） program which MLIT are promoting since 1999. Most of local governments have followed the MLIT to start e-delivery, so that SXF has become to be a standard in the public works in Japan with many problems. SXF is an exchange format and so many design companies or contractors would submit the CAD drawings with transferred format before the delivery of e-submit even if they use usually another CAD in their offices. This paper will introduce the standard of CAD exchange format SXF through the activities of Japanese public works.
文摘In 2015,southeast China’s coastal Fujian province as one of the first few chosen provinces,carried out the pilot work for the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product&Service Standards(System for short),a priority of the national standardization reform.With decentralized power and reasonable management,the province has adopted an innovative methodology of"3+2+2",namely 3 measures,2 tools and 2 platforms,making steady headway in the process.
文摘One of the six measures of Chinese standardization reform is to promote the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product and Service Standards in the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,which is of great significance for reducing enterprise’s cost,optimizing business environment and stimulating the market’s vitality.Shangdong province,one of the first batch of 7 provinces and municipalities,initiated
文摘Zhejiang,an eastern coastal province of China,ranks the fourth place in the country for its GDP contribution of 430 million yuan in 2015with an increase of 8 percent.The province has formed the economic structure featured with a large number of SMEs since the reform and opening up policy implemented in the 1980s.As of the end of June 2015,the registered enterprises in Zhejiang reach nearly 500,000,of which SMEs,accounting for 95%,contribute to over 60%of the province’s GDP.
文摘As we know, facing global challenges in environmental protection, energy supply and demographic change, new technologies are likely to be increasingly utilized, in order to support the changing demands of consumers and international markets, the well-being and sustainability of society and industry. Moreover, these development trends have led to a growing convergence of technologies, e.g. the integration of smart grids, smart home and building,
文摘Chahua Modern Housewares Co.,Ltd.(CHAHUA),a leading company in the plastic housewares industry located at Fujian province in southeastern China,has involved in various personnel training and workshops on the Self-declaration and Disclosure System of Enterprise Product and Service Standards since 2015,fully understanding this one of six standardization reform measures in China and disclosing 67 enterprise standards.As an
文摘Abstract： Nowadays energy saving and environmental protection are crucial issues in the international society. One of the best solutions for both issues is to improve energy efficiency. To improve energy efficiency, it is commonly recognized by both standards and energy sectors that Minimum Energy Performance Standards （MEPS） could play an important role . China and the USA, the top two energy consumption countries in the world, both have adopted MEPS program to address the problem of energy conservation and environmental protection. This paper analyzes and compares the two countries＇ MEPS programs from a historical and legal context, examining the role of different stakeholders in the process,the process, the outcomes by standards,and then makes some recommendations for both sides.
文摘In accordance with the strategy of serving as the centers of politics,culture,international cooperation and technical innovation and the requirements of coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,China’s capital,Beijing is exploring the standardization ways in terms of population,industry,products and services to govern the great metropolis via market-oriented methods to deal with the 'urban problems'.
文摘The electrical safety requirements of soybean milk machines with Chinese food cooking characteristics and thefunctions of liquid heating and material crushing cannot be simply constituted by combining liquid heater standard （IEC 60335-2-15） and kitchen appliances standard （IEC 60335-2-14）. The alternating operation of rotation and heating and the antiburnt function may be the special features of safety and performance of soybean milk machines, so it is necessary to take into account those special features in the current standards by some means.
文摘This paper studies the administrative service standards system construction and application in Tai＇An, China＇s first administrative service standardization demonstration city, proposes a new way for local government to strengthen self-improvement and elevate the public satisfacton level, and provides important technical support for service-oriented governmental administration mode explorations.
文摘The integration of informatization and industrialization （111） is a long-term key strategic deployment and a main priority of China in building a manufacturing power, With years of practice, a new route for in-depth integration and industrial transformation and upgrading has been explored with the leading role of related management system standards.
文摘Thailand has continuously established biosafety and security laws since 1932.The present law,the Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act 2015,was established for the controlled production,possession,sales,import,export,and transit of pathogens and animal toxins.The law is in accordance with the current world situation—that is,outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging diseases and the development of modern biotechnology,such as genetic modification of pathogens with the potential for beneficial or harmful use.The principles of the pathogen control measures of Thai law are similar to those of foreign laws in countries such as Canada,the United States,Singapore,and the People’s Republic of China.Control measures are based on the risk levels of pathogens to humans,animals,and the environment.This review briefly presents details of the law’s development in Thailand.Details are given in comparison with those of other countries;the export and import of pathogens and animal toxins according to EU export controls are also discussed.The practice and experience of applying the law in Thailand are also presented.Dissemination of enforcement details will ensure effective legal biosafety and biosecurity control measures in Thailand.This may be useful for establishing a law involving regulatory controls for biosafety and biosecurity.
文摘Using an audiometer, the effect of the noise level upon temporary threshold shift (TTS) for five trained normal subjects (left ear only) was studied. The measurements were carried out after 6 min exposure (in third octave band) for different sound pressure levels ranging between 75-105 dB at three test frequencies 2,3, and 4 kHz. The results indicated that at exposure to noise of sound pressure level (SPL) above 85 dB, TTS increases linearly with ths SPL for all the test frequencies. The work had extended to study the recovery curves for the same ears. The results indicated that the reduction in TTS on doubling the recovery times, for the two sound pressure levels 95 dB and 105 dB, occurs at a rate of nearly 3 dB. The comparison of the recovery curve at 3 kHz with that calculated using Ward's general equation for recovery was made. Finally, to study the values of TTS produced by exposure to certain noise at different test frequencies, distribution curves for two recovery times were plotted representing TTS values, for an exposure noise of 1 / 3 octave band and centre frequency 2 kHz, at different test frequencies.
