Background: Distinction between cellular fibrous histiocytomas (FHs) with a deep component and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSPs) can pose diagnostic problems. While cases of DFSPs. CD68, CD34, and Factor XIIIa a...Background: Distinction between cellular fibrous histiocytomas (FHs) with a deep component and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSPs) can pose diagnostic problems. While cases of DFSPs. CD68, CD34, and Factor XIIIa are helpful in distinguishing between these entities, none are diagnostically absolute. Recent work with CD163, a hemoglobin scavenger receptor, has demonstrated that this marker has high specificity for monocytes, macrophages, and histiocytes. Our goal is to evaluate the utility of CD163 in the diagnosis of dermatofibromas (DFs), cellular FHs, and DFSPs. Methods: Sixty cases including 19 DFs, 23 cellular FHs with a deep component, and 18 DFSPs were tested with antibodies against CD163, CD68, CD34, and Factor XIIIa. Results: CD163 was expressed in 17/19 (89% )- DFs, 23/23 (100% ) cellular FHs, and 3/18 (17% )DFSPs. CD68 was positive in 8/19 (42% ) DFs, 19/23 (83% ) cellular FHs, and 1/16 (6% ) DFSPs. CD34 was expressed in 1/19 (5% ) DFs, 5/23 (22% ) cellular FHs, and 100% of DFSPs. Factor XIIIa labeled 4/19 (21% ) DFs, 11/23 (48% ) cellular FHs, and 0/17 cases of DFSPs. Conclusions: CD163 expression is helpful in distinguishing between cellular FHs and DFSPs and will be useful in a panel of antibodies when these entities are in the differential diagnosis.展开更多
Two types of granitic intrusives occur in the lower Paleozoic strata in north Qilian. One is the hornblende- bearing granitic body in Jingzichuan, characterized by the REE total of 90×10-6-106×10-6, LREE/HRE...Two types of granitic intrusives occur in the lower Paleozoic strata in north Qilian. One is the hornblende- bearing granitic body in Jingzichuan, characterized by the REE total of 90×10-6-106×10-6, LREE/HREE ratio of less than 8 (ranging from 6.9 to 7.8) and zircon SHRIMP age of 464 Ma. These intrusives have island-arc affinity. The other is biotite-bearing granitic body in Huangyanghe with the REE total of 214×10-6-250×10-6, LREE/HREE ratio of more than 8 (ranging from 8.2 to 9.7) and zircon LA-ICP-MS age of 383 Ma. They were tectonically intruded in a post-collisional or within-plate environment.展开更多
The plasminogen-activator system provides proteolytic activity in many biological processes . The regulation of plasminogen activation may occur at many levels in-cluding the synthesis and secretion of plasminogen act...The plasminogen-activator system provides proteolytic activity in many biological processes . The regulation of plasminogen activation may occur at many levels in-cluding the synthesis and secretion of plasminogen activators (PA) and the specific in-hibition of PA activity by inhibitors. PA-inhibitor o,pe-1 ( PAI-1) is an efficientinhibitor of tissue-type PA (tPA) and urokinase-type PA (uPA) that may thereforebe instrumental for the control of plasminogen activation . To investigate whethercoordinated regulation of PA an PA inhibitors would take place in vivo in response tophysiological signals, we have examined the regulation of tPA and PAI-1 in the ovaryduring gnnadotropin-induced ovulation.展开更多
Blocking is a large-scale, mid-latitude atmospheric anticyclone that splits the westerly into two jets and has a profound effect on local and regional climates. This study examined the seasonal, interannual, and decad...Blocking is a large-scale, mid-latitude atmospheric anticyclone that splits the westerly into two jets and has a profound effect on local and regional climates. This study examined the seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability of the Atlantic and Pacific blocking anticyclones in the Northern Hemisphere based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis data between 1958 and 1999. The preferred blocking region during these forty-two years was located over the Atlantic. Most blocking anticyclones over the Atlantic occurred in spring, while most of those over the Pacific occurred in winter. Similar two-to four-year and eleven-year oscillations were found for both the Atlantic and Pacific blocks by using wavelet analysis. The dominant mode for the Pacific blocks is decadal variation, while for the Atlantic blocks the predominant one is interannual variation with a period of about three years. The frequencies of the Pacific and Atlantic blocks varied almost in phase on interannual time scales except during the period of 1965-1977, and frequencies were out of phase on decadal time scale throughout the forty-two years.展开更多
The Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan is a typelocality of occurrence of microdiamonds in ultrahighpressure metamorphic" rocks. It records continental subduction and exhumation from depths greater than 120 ...The Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan is a typelocality of occurrence of microdiamonds in ultrahighpressure metamorphic" rocks. It records continental subduction and exhumation from depths greater than 120 km and provides unparalleled insights into mantle dynamics, global material recycling and the processes responsible for the genesis and destruction of continent. Through the support of a US Civilian Development and Research Fund, a group of Russian, US, Taiwan Residents and Kazakhstan geologists visited the reconstructed 800-m underground gallery to conduct field survey and sample collections. This gallery provides a useful geologic laboratory for international community to undertake similar geotectonic or different ecological and environmental studies.展开更多
Background: The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is the most frequently used clinical severity scale in clinical trials. Drug approval often depends on a 75%improvement in the baseline PASI score, also known a...Background: The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is the most frequently used clinical severity scale in clinical trials. Drug approval often depends on a 75%improvement in the baseline PASI score, also known as a PASI 75 or Delta PASI 75. This benchmark may be an overly stringent way to determine the success of psoriasis treatments as Delta PASIs appear to under-represent true clinical improvement. This discrepancy may relate to the way numerical values are assigned to the degree of body surface area (BSA) involvement. Objectives: To assesswhether altering the BSA component of the PASI formula so that it is weighted more heavily will result in a calculated change in psoriasis severity that more closely reflects patient assessment of improvement. Models developed included the Psoriasis Log-based Area and Severity Index (PLASI), which assigns values to the BSA score based on a linear scale using logarithms to define the intervals, and the Psoriasis Exact Area and Severity Index (PEASI), which uses the actual BSA as the multiplicative factor in the area score. Methods: Data were abstracted retrospectively fromtwo clinical trials involving psoriasis treatments that used the PASI. The same trained psoriasis graders were involved in both trials. In these trials, baseline and end-point PASI worksheets were completed that included the actual clinician-estimated BSA involvement (0-100%) for each of the four areas (head, upper extremities, trunk and lower extremities). In one of the trials, patients were asked to assess the percentage improvement in their psoriasis at the end of the treatment window. PASIs and Delta PASIs were recalculated based on the newmodels and all scoring systemswere validated by analysing their relationship to patients’self-assessments. Results: Clinical improvements under the new grading systems translated into greater percentage changes than calculated using the Delta PASI formula. Specifically, the Delta PASI 50 translated to a Delta PLASI 57.2 and Delta PEASI 61.1; Delta PASI 75 was equivalent to Delta PLASI 85.7 and Delta PEASI 91.7. Importantly,Delta PASI tended to be systematically lower than patients’self-assessment, while Delta PLASI and Delta PEASI better matched patients’self-assessments using a best-fit model. Conclusions: These results suggest that the Delta PASI underestimates percentage improvement when compared with measures of patient’s self-assessment, while Delta PLASI and Delta PEASI correlate better. Prospective studies will have to be performed to confirm these relationships, but weighting BSA more heavily in the severity score may result in a more accurate reflection of clinical status.展开更多
After less than a year of operation ,the BaBar experiment at SLAC has collected almost 100 million particle collision events in a database approaching 165TB.Around 20 TB of data has been exported via the Internet to t...After less than a year of operation ,the BaBar experiment at SLAC has collected almost 100 million particle collision events in a database approaching 165TB.Around 20 TB of data has been exported via the Internet to the BaBar regional center at IN2P3 in Lyon,France,and around 40TB of simulated data has been imported from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL),BaBar Collaborators plan to double data collection each year and export a third of the data to IN2P3.So within a few years the SLAC OC3 (155Mbps) connection will be fully utilized by file transfer to France alone.Upgrades to infrastructure is essential and detailed understanding of performance issues and the requirements for reliable high throughput transfers is critical.In this talk results from active and passive monitoring and direct measurements of throughput will be reviewed.Methods for achieving the ambitious requirements will be discussed.展开更多
The Yematan batholith crops out over 120 km2 in the North Qaidam ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. It consists of granodiorite, monzogranite and biotite granite and forms an irregular intrusion into Neoproter...The Yematan batholith crops out over 120 km2 in the North Qaidam ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. It consists of granodiorite, monzogranite and biotite granite and forms an irregular intrusion into Neoproterozoic gneiss that has undergone Caledonian UHP metamorphism. Zircons from the Yematan granodiorite yield a SHRIMP U-Pb age of 397? Ma. These granitic rocks have geochemi- cal characteristics intermediate between I- and S-type gran- ites, and are post-collisional. We suggest that the Yematan granitic rocks were formed during the last exhumation event of the North Qaidam UHP belt.展开更多
Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) analysis has pioneered genome-wide gene discovery and expression profiling. In order to establish a gene expression index in the rice cultivar indica, we sequenced and analyzed 86,136 ESTs...Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) analysis has pioneered genome-wide gene discovery and expression profiling. In order to establish a gene expression index in the rice cultivar indica, we sequenced and analyzed 86,136 ESTs from nine rice cDNA libraries from the super hybrid cultivar LYP9 and its parental cultivars. We assembled these ESTs into 13,232 contigs and leave 8,976 singletons. Overall, 7,497 sequences were found similar to the existing sequences in GenBank and 14,711 are novel. These sequences are classified by molecular function, biological process and pathways according to the Gene Ontology. We compared our sequenced ESTs with the publicly available 95,000 ESTs from japonica, and found little sequence variation, despite the large difference between genome sequences. We then assembled the combined 173,000 rice ESTs for further analysis. Using the pooled ESTs, we compared gene expression in metabolism pathway between rice and Arabidopsis according to KEGG. We further profiled gene expression patterns in different tissues, developmental stages, and in a conditional sterile mutant, after checking the libraries are comparable by means of sequence coverage. We also identified some possible library specific genes and a number of enzymes and transcription factors that contribute to rice development.展开更多
Dear Editor Human pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells （ESCs） and induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） are cells displaying abilities of unlimited self-renewal and differentiation into any...Dear Editor Human pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells （ESCs） and induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） are cells displaying abilities of unlimited self-renewal and differentiation into any somatic cell type. These unique properties make them increasingly attractive for novel applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy （Buganim et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2012; Sanchez Alvarado and Yamanaka, 2014）. Moreover, iPSCs hold great potential for personalized cell therapy as they avoid some of the ethical concerns as well as the immunological rejection issues ascribed to ESCs.展开更多
文摘Background: Distinction between cellular fibrous histiocytomas (FHs) with a deep component and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSPs) can pose diagnostic problems. While cases of DFSPs. CD68, CD34, and Factor XIIIa are helpful in distinguishing between these entities, none are diagnostically absolute. Recent work with CD163, a hemoglobin scavenger receptor, has demonstrated that this marker has high specificity for monocytes, macrophages, and histiocytes. Our goal is to evaluate the utility of CD163 in the diagnosis of dermatofibromas (DFs), cellular FHs, and DFSPs. Methods: Sixty cases including 19 DFs, 23 cellular FHs with a deep component, and 18 DFSPs were tested with antibodies against CD163, CD68, CD34, and Factor XIIIa. Results: CD163 was expressed in 17/19 (89% )- DFs, 23/23 (100% ) cellular FHs, and 3/18 (17% )DFSPs. CD68 was positive in 8/19 (42% ) DFs, 19/23 (83% ) cellular FHs, and 1/16 (6% ) DFSPs. CD34 was expressed in 1/19 (5% ) DFs, 5/23 (22% ) cellular FHs, and 100% of DFSPs. Factor XIIIa labeled 4/19 (21% ) DFs, 11/23 (48% ) cellular FHs, and 0/17 cases of DFSPs. Conclusions: CD163 expression is helpful in distinguishing between cellular FHs and DFSPs and will be useful in a panel of antibodies when these entities are in the differential diagnosis.
基金the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40472034 ,49732070)Chinese National Key Project for Basic Research(2003CB716500)+1 种基金National 973 Project(G1988040800) China Geological Survey Project(200313000058).
文摘Two types of granitic intrusives occur in the lower Paleozoic strata in north Qilian. One is the hornblende- bearing granitic body in Jingzichuan, characterized by the REE total of 90×10-6-106×10-6, LREE/HREE ratio of less than 8 (ranging from 6.9 to 7.8) and zircon SHRIMP age of 464 Ma. These intrusives have island-arc affinity. The other is biotite-bearing granitic body in Huangyanghe with the REE total of 214×10-6-250×10-6, LREE/HREE ratio of more than 8 (ranging from 8.2 to 9.7) and zircon LA-ICP-MS age of 383 Ma. They were tectonically intruded in a post-collisional or within-plate environment.
文摘The plasminogen-activator system provides proteolytic activity in many biological processes . The regulation of plasminogen activation may occur at many levels in-cluding the synthesis and secretion of plasminogen activators (PA) and the specific in-hibition of PA activity by inhibitors. PA-inhibitor o,pe-1 ( PAI-1) is an efficientinhibitor of tissue-type PA (tPA) and urokinase-type PA (uPA) that may thereforebe instrumental for the control of plasminogen activation . To investigate whethercoordinated regulation of PA an PA inhibitors would take place in vivo in response tophysiological signals, we have examined the regulation of tPA and PAI-1 in the ovaryduring gnnadotropin-induced ovulation.
文摘Blocking is a large-scale, mid-latitude atmospheric anticyclone that splits the westerly into two jets and has a profound effect on local and regional climates. This study examined the seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability of the Atlantic and Pacific blocking anticyclones in the Northern Hemisphere based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis data between 1958 and 1999. The preferred blocking region during these forty-two years was located over the Atlantic. Most blocking anticyclones over the Atlantic occurred in spring, while most of those over the Pacific occurred in winter. Similar two-to four-year and eleven-year oscillations were found for both the Atlantic and Pacific blocks by using wavelet analysis. The dominant mode for the Pacific blocks is decadal variation, while for the Atlantic blocks the predominant one is interannual variation with a period of about three years. The frequencies of the Pacific and Atlantic blocks varied almost in phase on interannual time scales except during the period of 1965-1977, and frequencies were out of phase on decadal time scale throughout the forty-two years.
文摘The Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan is a typelocality of occurrence of microdiamonds in ultrahighpressure metamorphic" rocks. It records continental subduction and exhumation from depths greater than 120 km and provides unparalleled insights into mantle dynamics, global material recycling and the processes responsible for the genesis and destruction of continent. Through the support of a US Civilian Development and Research Fund, a group of Russian, US, Taiwan Residents and Kazakhstan geologists visited the reconstructed 800-m underground gallery to conduct field survey and sample collections. This gallery provides a useful geologic laboratory for international community to undertake similar geotectonic or different ecological and environmental studies.
文摘Background: The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is the most frequently used clinical severity scale in clinical trials. Drug approval often depends on a 75%improvement in the baseline PASI score, also known as a PASI 75 or Delta PASI 75. This benchmark may be an overly stringent way to determine the success of psoriasis treatments as Delta PASIs appear to under-represent true clinical improvement. This discrepancy may relate to the way numerical values are assigned to the degree of body surface area (BSA) involvement. Objectives: To assesswhether altering the BSA component of the PASI formula so that it is weighted more heavily will result in a calculated change in psoriasis severity that more closely reflects patient assessment of improvement. Models developed included the Psoriasis Log-based Area and Severity Index (PLASI), which assigns values to the BSA score based on a linear scale using logarithms to define the intervals, and the Psoriasis Exact Area and Severity Index (PEASI), which uses the actual BSA as the multiplicative factor in the area score. Methods: Data were abstracted retrospectively fromtwo clinical trials involving psoriasis treatments that used the PASI. The same trained psoriasis graders were involved in both trials. In these trials, baseline and end-point PASI worksheets were completed that included the actual clinician-estimated BSA involvement (0-100%) for each of the four areas (head, upper extremities, trunk and lower extremities). In one of the trials, patients were asked to assess the percentage improvement in their psoriasis at the end of the treatment window. PASIs and Delta PASIs were recalculated based on the newmodels and all scoring systemswere validated by analysing their relationship to patients’self-assessments. Results: Clinical improvements under the new grading systems translated into greater percentage changes than calculated using the Delta PASI formula. Specifically, the Delta PASI 50 translated to a Delta PLASI 57.2 and Delta PEASI 61.1; Delta PASI 75 was equivalent to Delta PLASI 85.7 and Delta PEASI 91.7. Importantly,Delta PASI tended to be systematically lower than patients’self-assessment, while Delta PLASI and Delta PEASI better matched patients’self-assessments using a best-fit model. Conclusions: These results suggest that the Delta PASI underestimates percentage improvement when compared with measures of patient’s self-assessment, while Delta PLASI and Delta PEASI correlate better. Prospective studies will have to be performed to confirm these relationships, but weighting BSA more heavily in the severity score may result in a more accurate reflection of clinical status.
文摘After less than a year of operation ,the BaBar experiment at SLAC has collected almost 100 million particle collision events in a database approaching 165TB.Around 20 TB of data has been exported via the Internet to the BaBar regional center at IN2P3 in Lyon,France,and around 40TB of simulated data has been imported from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(LLNL),BaBar Collaborators plan to double data collection each year and export a third of the data to IN2P3.So within a few years the SLAC OC3 (155Mbps) connection will be fully utilized by file transfer to France alone.Upgrades to infrastructure is essential and detailed understanding of performance issues and the requirements for reliable high throughput transfers is critical.In this talk results from active and passive monitoring and direct measurements of throughput will be reviewed.Methods for achieving the ambitious requirements will be discussed.
文摘The Yematan batholith crops out over 120 km2 in the North Qaidam ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. It consists of granodiorite, monzogranite and biotite granite and forms an irregular intrusion into Neoproterozoic gneiss that has undergone Caledonian UHP metamorphism. Zircons from the Yematan granodiorite yield a SHRIMP U-Pb age of 397? Ma. These granitic rocks have geochemi- cal characteristics intermediate between I- and S-type gran- ites, and are post-collisional. We suggest that the Yematan granitic rocks were formed during the last exhumation event of the North Qaidam UHP belt.
文摘Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) analysis has pioneered genome-wide gene discovery and expression profiling. In order to establish a gene expression index in the rice cultivar indica, we sequenced and analyzed 86,136 ESTs from nine rice cDNA libraries from the super hybrid cultivar LYP9 and its parental cultivars. We assembled these ESTs into 13,232 contigs and leave 8,976 singletons. Overall, 7,497 sequences were found similar to the existing sequences in GenBank and 14,711 are novel. These sequences are classified by molecular function, biological process and pathways according to the Gene Ontology. We compared our sequenced ESTs with the publicly available 95,000 ESTs from japonica, and found little sequence variation, despite the large difference between genome sequences. We then assembled the combined 173,000 rice ESTs for further analysis. Using the pooled ESTs, we compared gene expression in metabolism pathway between rice and Arabidopsis according to KEGG. We further profiled gene expression patterns in different tissues, developmental stages, and in a conditional sterile mutant, after checking the libraries are comparable by means of sequence coverage. We also identified some possible library specific genes and a number of enzymes and transcription factors that contribute to rice development.
文摘Dear Editor Human pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells （ESCs） and induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） are cells displaying abilities of unlimited self-renewal and differentiation into any somatic cell type. These unique properties make them increasingly attractive for novel applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy （Buganim et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2012; Sanchez Alvarado and Yamanaka, 2014）. Moreover, iPSCs hold great potential for personalized cell therapy as they avoid some of the ethical concerns as well as the immunological rejection issues ascribed to ESCs.
