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The Effect of Wheat Mixtures on the Powdery Mildew Disease and Some Yield Components 被引量:4
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作者 LI Ning JIA Shao-feng +4 位作者 WANG Xiu-na DUAN Xia-yu ZHOU Yi-lin WANG Zong-hua LU Guo-dong 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第4期611-620,共10页
Mixtures composed of five wheat cultivars,Jingshuang 16,Jing 411,Jingdong 8,Lunxuan 987,and Baofeng 104,with different levels of resistance against powdery mildew were tested for their potential containment of the dis... Mixtures composed of five wheat cultivars,Jingshuang 16,Jing 411,Jingdong 8,Lunxuan 987,and Baofeng 104,with different levels of resistance against powdery mildew were tested for their potential containment of the disease development in the field and for the influence on grain yield and the content of crude protein in the years 2007 and 2010.The plots were inoculated artificially with mixed isolates collected in the fields and propagated in the greenhouse and the disease was scored in 7 d interval during the two growing seasons.It was indicated that certain combinations,e.g.,Jingdong 8:Lunxuan 987,Jingdong 8:Baofeng 104,and Jing 411:Jingdong 8:Baofeng 104,showed positive efficacy on the mildew.The cultivar combinations tested in 2007 showed increase of grain yield,while most of the combinations tested in 2010 did not show the increase.The differences of the increases or decreases were not statistically significant except combinations Jing 411:Jingdong 8:Baofeng104,Jingshuang16:Jingdong8:Lunxuang 987 and Jingshuang 16:Jingdong 8:Lunxuan 987:Baofeng 104,which showed the decrease of the grain yield.The mixtures did not show influence on the content of crude protein in grain.More cultivar combinations need to be tested. 展开更多
关键词 wheat powdery mildew cultivar mixture AUDPC yield crude protein
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Molecular Screening and Resistance Evaluation of American Wheat Cultivars to Chinese Stripe Rust Races 被引量:2
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作者 BAI Yu-lu ZHANG Chun-yu +5 位作者 SUN Quan LIN Feng CUI Na XU Shi-chang GAO Yang XUXiao-dan 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2010年第10期1455-1461,共7页
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of wheat in China. In order to asses the resistance levels and existing Yr genes among 59 wheat cultivars (lines) from the Pac... Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of wheat in China. In order to asses the resistance levels and existing Yr genes among 59 wheat cultivars (lines) from the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States, to provide resistance resources for genetic improvement of wheat stripe rust resistance in China, 59 wheat cultivars (lines) from PNW of the United States were infected by 3 mixed races of predominant Chinese stripe rust races CRY31, CRY32, and CRY33 to evaluate their resistance at seedling and adult plant stages, and screened with molecular markers tightly linked to currently effective all-stage resistance genes YrlO, Yrl5 and adult plant resistance genes Yrl8, Yr39. Of 59 American cultivars (lines), five cultivars (lines), Expresso, 02W50076, ACS52610, WA008012, and WA00801833, had all-stage resistance, showing resistance to mixed races of CRY31, CRY32, and CRY33 at both seedling and adult plant stages. 33 cultivars (lines) had adult plant resistance, only showing resistance to stripe rust at adult stage. Based on the molecular screening, none of the 59 PNW cultivars (lines) had the polymorphic bands of linked markers to YrlO. There were 12, 33 and 29 cultivars (lines) which bad polymorphic bands of linked markers to Yr15, Yr18 and Yr39, accounting for 20, 55 and 49% of the 59 PNW cultivars (lines), respectively. All these results suggested that Yr15, Yr18 and Yr39 were widespread among PNW cultivars (cultivars) and could be utilized in Chinese wheat stripe rust resistance breeding. 展开更多
关键词 American wheat cultivar stripe rust molecular marker resistance evaluation
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Effects of elevated CO_2 on the nutrient compositions and enzymes activities of Nilaparvata lugens nymphs fed on rice plants 被引量:7
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作者 ZENG YunYun HUANG WenKun +7 位作者 SU Li WU Gang ZHUANG Jing ZHAO WanYun HUA HongXia LI JunSheng XIAO NengWen XIONG-YanFei 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2012年第10期920-926,共7页
Elevated CO 2 may reduce the tolerance of Nilaparvata lugen (N. lugens) to adverse environmental factors through the biological and physiological degeneration of N. lugens. In an artificial climate box, under 375 and ... Elevated CO 2 may reduce the tolerance of Nilaparvata lugen (N. lugens) to adverse environmental factors through the biological and physiological degeneration of N. lugens. In an artificial climate box, under 375 and 750 μL L 1 CO 2 levels, the rice stems nutrient content, the nutrient content and enzyme activities of N. lugens nymph fed on rice seedlings exposed to ambient and elevated CO 2 were studied. The results showed that rice stems had significantly higher protein and total amino acid levels under ambient than elevated CO 2 levels. Nymphs had significantly higher protein levels in the ambient CO 2 treatment, while their glucose levels were significantly lower under ambient CO 2 conditions. Significantly higher trypsin activity was observed in nymphs grown in elevated CO 2 . Significantly lower activities of the protective enzymes total superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in the nymphs under ambient CO 2 . Meanwhile, the activity of the detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase was significantly higher in the ambient CO 2 treatment. Measuring how energy and resources were allocated to enzymes in N. lugens nymphs under elevated CO 2 conditions can provide a more meaningful evaluation of their metabolic tolerances to adverse climatic conditions. 展开更多
关键词 大气CO2浓度升高 水稻幼苗 二氧化碳浓度升高 褐飞虱 酶活性 若虫 营养成分 谷胱甘肽S-转移酶
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