On-chip twisted light emitters are essential components of orbital angular momentum(OAM)communication devices1,2.These devices address the growing demand for high-capacity communication systems by providing an additio...On-chip twisted light emitters are essential components of orbital angular momentum(OAM)communication devices1,2.These devices address the growing demand for high-capacity communication systems by providing an additional degree of freedom for wavelength/frequency division multiplexing(WDM/FDM).Although whispering-gallery-mode-enabled OAM emitters have been shown to possess some advantages3–5,such as compactness and phase accuracy,their inherent narrow bandwidths prevent them from being compatible with WDM/FDM techniques.Here,we demonstrate an ultra-broadband multiplexed OAM emitter that utilizes a novel joint path-resonance phase control concept.The emitter has a micron-sized radius and nanometer-sized features.Coaxial OAM beams are emitted across the entire telecommunication band from 1,450 to 1,650 nm.We applied the emitter to an OAM communication with a data rate of 1.2 Tbit/s assisted by 30-channel optical frequency combs(OFCs).The emitter provides a new solution to further increase capacity in the OFC communication scenario.展开更多
Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising perf...Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising performances of low optical loss,low drive voltage,and large modulation bandwidth.However,DC bias drift is a major drawback of optical modulators using lithium niobate as the active electro-optic material.Here,we demonstrate high-speed and bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on the heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform.The devices combine stable thermo-optic DC biases in silicon and ultra-fast electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate,and exhibit a low insertion loss of 1.8 d B,a low half-wave voltage of 3 V,an electro-optic modulation bandwidth of at least 70 GHz,and modulation data rates up to 128 Gb/s.展开更多
Why integratingⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor on silicon Photonics is an enabling technology and play a significant role in today’s information age.In the last few decades,starting from the fiber long haul optical communication...Why integratingⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor on silicon Photonics is an enabling technology and play a significant role in today’s information age.In the last few decades,starting from the fiber long haul optical communications,optical interconnects have gradually replaced copper interconnects due to its advantage of the bandwidth distance product.As photonics is moving closer and closer to the processor and memory of computers,and eventually,to on-chip level,silicon photonics becomes a viable solution for future optical interconnections due to the feasibility of high-bandwidth,high-density I/O capability and dense integration enabled by the high index contrast.展开更多
Laplace operation,the isotropic second-order differentiation,on spatial functions is an essential mathematical calculation in most physical equations and signal processing.Realizing the Laplace operation in a manner o...Laplace operation,the isotropic second-order differentiation,on spatial functions is an essential mathematical calculation in most physical equations and signal processing.Realizing the Laplace operation in a manner of optical analog computing has recently attracted attention,but a compact device with a high spatial resolution is still elusive.Here,we introduce a Laplace metasurface that can perform the Laplace operation for incident lightfield patterns.By exciting the quasi-bound state in the continuum,an optical transfer function for nearly perfect isotropic second-order differentiation has been obtained with a spatial resolution of wavelength scale.Such a Laplace metasurface has been numerically validated with both 1D and 2D spatial functions,and the results agree well with that of the ideal Laplace operation.In addition,the edge detection of a concerned object in an image has been demonstrated with the Laplace metasurface.Our results pave the way to the applications of metasurfaces in optical analog computing and image processing.展开更多
Integrated traveling-wave lithium niobate modulators need relatively large device lengths to achieve low drive voltage. To increase modulation efficiency within a compact footprint, we report an integrated Fabry–Pero...Integrated traveling-wave lithium niobate modulators need relatively large device lengths to achieve low drive voltage. To increase modulation efficiency within a compact footprint, we report an integrated Fabry–Perot-type electro-optic thin film lithium niobate on insulator modulator comprising a phase modulation region sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors. The device exhibits low optical loss and a high tuning efficiency of 15.7 pm/V. We also confirm the modulator's high-speed modulation performance by non-return-to-zero modulation with a data rate up to 56 Gbit/s.展开更多
As one solution to implement the largecapacity space division multiplexing(SDM)transmission systems,the mode division multiplexing(MDM)has gained much attention recently.The vector mode(VM),which is the eigenmode of t...As one solution to implement the largecapacity space division multiplexing(SDM)transmission systems,the mode division multiplexing(MDM)has gained much attention recently.The vector mode(VM),which is the eigenmode of the optical fiber,has also been adopted to realize the optical communications including the transmission over free-space optical(FSO)and optical fiber links.Considering the concerns on the short-reach optical interconnects,the low cost and high integration technologies should be developed.Direct detection(DD)with higher-order modulation formats in combination of MDM technologies could offer an available trade-off in system performance and complexity.We review demonstrations of FSO and fiber high-speed data transmission based on the VM MDM(VMDM)technologies.The special VMs,cylindrical vector beams(CVB),have been generated by the q-plate(QP)and characterized accordingly.And then they were used to implement the VMDM transmission with direct-detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(DD-OFDM).These demonstrations show the potential of VMDM-DD-OFDM technology in the large-capacity short-reach transmission links.展开更多
Stokes vector direct detection is a promising,cost-effective technology for short-distance communication applications.Here,we design and fabricate a spin-dependent liquid crystal grating to detect light polarization s...Stokes vector direct detection is a promising,cost-effective technology for short-distance communication applications.Here,we design and fabricate a spin-dependent liquid crystal grating to detect light polarization states.By separating the circular and linear components of incident light,the polarization states can be resolved with accuracy of up to 0.25°.We achieved Stokes vector direct detection of quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK),8 PSK,and16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals with 32,16,and 16 GBd rates,respectively.We integrated the system,including the grating,photodetectors,and optical elements,on a miniaturized printed circuit board and demonstrated high-speed optical communications with 16 GBd rate QPSK signals.展开更多
Periodically poled lithium niobate on insulator(LNOI) ridge waveguides are desirable for high-efficiency nonlinear frequency conversions, and the fabrication process of such waveguides is crucial for device performanc...Periodically poled lithium niobate on insulator(LNOI) ridge waveguides are desirable for high-efficiency nonlinear frequency conversions, and the fabrication process of such waveguides is crucial for device performance. In this work, we report fabrication and characterization of locally periodically poled ridge waveguides. Ridge waveguides were fabricated by dry etching, and then the high-voltage pulses were applied to locally poled ridge waveguides. Second harmonic generation with normalized conversion efficiency of 435.5% W^(-1)·cm^(-2) was obtained in the periodically poled LNOI ridge waveguide,which was consistent with the triangular domain structure revealed by confocal microscopy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1701661,61490712,61525502,61435006,61490715,91750205,11774240,11604218,61601199)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0102401)+6 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973)(Grant No.2015CB352004)the support given by the leading talents of Guangdong province program no.00201505the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2016A030312010)the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen under grant Nos.KQTD2015071016560101,KQJSCX20170727100838364,KQJSCX20160226193555889 and ZDSYS201703031605029the support of the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation No.2017A030313351Excellent Young Teacher Program No.YQ2014151the support of the National Research Foundation of Singapore(NRF-CRP12-2013-04)。
文摘On-chip twisted light emitters are essential components of orbital angular momentum(OAM)communication devices1,2.These devices address the growing demand for high-capacity communication systems by providing an additional degree of freedom for wavelength/frequency division multiplexing(WDM/FDM).Although whispering-gallery-mode-enabled OAM emitters have been shown to possess some advantages3–5,such as compactness and phase accuracy,their inherent narrow bandwidths prevent them from being compatible with WDM/FDM techniques.Here,we demonstrate an ultra-broadband multiplexed OAM emitter that utilizes a novel joint path-resonance phase control concept.The emitter has a micron-sized radius and nanometer-sized features.Coaxial OAM beams are emitted across the entire telecommunication band from 1,450 to 1,650 nm.We applied the emitter to an OAM communication with a data rate of 1.2 Tbit/s assisted by 30-channel optical frequency combs(OFCs).The emitter provides a new solution to further increase capacity in the OFC communication scenario.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1803900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11690031,11761131001)+6 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(201707010096)Key RD Program of Guangdong Province(2018B030329001)Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01X121)Innovation Fund of WNLO(2018WNLOKF010)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B121204003)Project of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics,Ministry of Education(RIMP2019003)Opening funds from State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies of China,Sun Yat-sen University(OEMT-2018-KF-04)。
文摘Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising performances of low optical loss,low drive voltage,and large modulation bandwidth.However,DC bias drift is a major drawback of optical modulators using lithium niobate as the active electro-optic material.Here,we demonstrate high-speed and bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on the heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform.The devices combine stable thermo-optic DC biases in silicon and ultra-fast electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate,and exhibit a low insertion loss of 1.8 d B,a low half-wave voltage of 3 V,an electro-optic modulation bandwidth of at least 70 GHz,and modulation data rates up to 128 Gb/s.
文摘Why integratingⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor on silicon Photonics is an enabling technology and play a significant role in today’s information age.In the last few decades,starting from the fiber long haul optical communications,optical interconnects have gradually replaced copper interconnects due to its advantage of the bandwidth distance product.As photonics is moving closer and closer to the processor and memory of computers,and eventually,to on-chip level,silicon photonics becomes a viable solution for future optical interconnections due to the feasibility of high-bandwidth,high-density I/O capability and dense integration enabled by the high index contrast.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1803904)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515010257)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61805104,61875076,61935013,U2001601)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21619411)Open Project of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2018WNLOKF015)Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program(00201502)。
文摘Laplace operation,the isotropic second-order differentiation,on spatial functions is an essential mathematical calculation in most physical equations and signal processing.Realizing the Laplace operation in a manner of optical analog computing has recently attracted attention,but a compact device with a high spatial resolution is still elusive.Here,we introduce a Laplace metasurface that can perform the Laplace operation for incident lightfield patterns.By exciting the quasi-bound state in the continuum,an optical transfer function for nearly perfect isotropic second-order differentiation has been obtained with a spatial resolution of wavelength scale.Such a Laplace metasurface has been numerically validated with both 1D and 2D spatial functions,and the results agree well with that of the ideal Laplace operation.In addition,the edge detection of a concerned object in an image has been demonstrated with the Laplace metasurface.Our results pave the way to the applications of metasurfaces in optical analog computing and image processing.
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFA0705000 and 2019YFB1803900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11690031 and 11761131001)+3 种基金the Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(No.2018B030329001)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(No.2017BT01X121)the Innovation Fund of WNLO(No.2018WNLOKF010)the Project of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics,Ministry of Education(No.RIMP2019003)。
文摘Integrated traveling-wave lithium niobate modulators need relatively large device lengths to achieve low drive voltage. To increase modulation efficiency within a compact footprint, we report an integrated Fabry–Perot-type electro-optic thin film lithium niobate on insulator modulator comprising a phase modulation region sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors. The device exhibits low optical loss and a high tuning efficiency of 15.7 pm/V. We also confirm the modulator's high-speed modulation performance by non-return-to-zero modulation with a data rate up to 56 Gbit/s.
基金the National High Technology 863 Research and Development of China(No.2015AA017102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.61575082,61435006,61525502,and 61490715)+2 种基金the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents of Guangdong(No.2015TQ01X606)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(GDSF)(No.2015A030313328)Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(No.201710010051).
文摘As one solution to implement the largecapacity space division multiplexing(SDM)transmission systems,the mode division multiplexing(MDM)has gained much attention recently.The vector mode(VM),which is the eigenmode of the optical fiber,has also been adopted to realize the optical communications including the transmission over free-space optical(FSO)and optical fiber links.Considering the concerns on the short-reach optical interconnects,the low cost and high integration technologies should be developed.Direct detection(DD)with higher-order modulation formats in combination of MDM technologies could offer an available trade-off in system performance and complexity.We review demonstrations of FSO and fiber high-speed data transmission based on the VM MDM(VMDM)technologies.The special VMs,cylindrical vector beams(CVB),have been generated by the q-plate(QP)and characterized accordingly.And then they were used to implement the VMDM transmission with direct-detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(DD-OFDM).These demonstrations show the potential of VMDM-DD-OFDM technology in the large-capacity short-reach transmission links.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1800901,2018YFB1801801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11774240,61822507,61935013,U1701661,U2001601)Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(KQTD2015071016560101,KQTD20170330110444030)。
文摘Stokes vector direct detection is a promising,cost-effective technology for short-distance communication applications.Here,we design and fabricate a spin-dependent liquid crystal grating to detect light polarization states.By separating the circular and linear components of incident light,the polarization states can be resolved with accuracy of up to 0.25°.We achieved Stokes vector direct detection of quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK),8 PSK,and16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals with 32,16,and 16 GBd rates,respectively.We integrated the system,including the grating,photodetectors,and optical elements,on a miniaturized printed circuit board and demonstrated high-speed optical communications with 16 GBd rate QPSK signals.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFA0705000 and 2017YFA0303700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91950206,11627810,and 51890861)+2 种基金the Leading-edge Technology Program of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20192001)the Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(No.2018B030329001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.021314380177)。
文摘Periodically poled lithium niobate on insulator(LNOI) ridge waveguides are desirable for high-efficiency nonlinear frequency conversions, and the fabrication process of such waveguides is crucial for device performance. In this work, we report fabrication and characterization of locally periodically poled ridge waveguides. Ridge waveguides were fabricated by dry etching, and then the high-voltage pulses were applied to locally poled ridge waveguides. Second harmonic generation with normalized conversion efficiency of 435.5% W^(-1)·cm^(-2) was obtained in the periodically poled LNOI ridge waveguide,which was consistent with the triangular domain structure revealed by confocal microscopy.