海上天然气液化概念中固态相的影响(英文)

Three floating liquefaction concepts aiming at offshore natural gas recovery,Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG),Heavy Liquefied Gas(HLG)or another similar concept Pressurized Liquid Natural Gas(PLNG)and Liquefied Unprocessed Well Stream(LUWS)have gained interest in the past decade,control or prevention of solid formation is crucial for all these processes.In this work,the solubility of carbon dioxide and heavy hydrocarbons in the gas mixture at low temperature is simulated and compared with literature data.Using Soave-Redlich-Kwong(SRK)equation of state(EOS)for the fluid phase and a fugacity model for the solid phase,the simulation of carbon dioxide solid behavior agrees with experimental data.The phenomenon of carbon dioxide and benzene solids existing together in gas mixture is analyzed,the result shows the difference in dealing with the potential solid formation components in the offshore liquefaction concepts.

Petroleum geoscience in Norden - exploration, production and organization

Offshore exploration in Norway and Denmark-in the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea-has involved drilling about 850 wildcat wells, resulting in about 300 oil and gas finds, of which 84 are fields with production. The recoverable resources of all these finds total about 65 billion barrels of oil equivalent. Almost all these hydrocarbons come from a Jurassic source and the main reservoirs and traps are Jurassic sandstones in fault blocks and Paleocene sandstones or Cretaceous chalks in gentle domes. The article describes four major fields-Ekofisk, Gullfaks, Ormen Lange and SnФhvitto illustrate some of the many challenges in developing and producing the hydrocarbons. Elsewhere in Norden, there has been much less exploration. Drilling results have mostly been negative in mainland Sweden, onshore Denmark, onshore Svalbard and on- and offshore West Greenland. Minor oil finds have been made in Palaeozoic rocks in the Baltic Sea. The first wells have recently been drilled off the Faroe Islands, resulting in one discovery. No drilling has taken place on- or offshore East Greenland. As a result of the hydrocarbon activities in Norway and Denmark, petroleum geoscience there has flourished, with 2000 geoscientists currently employed in the industry, many technical innovations made, a wealth of publically available information and a great increase in the understanding of the geology.

The Mesozoic of Western Scandinavia and East Greenland

Thick Mesozoic sediments are found offshore Norway and Denmark, and Mesozoic rocks are present and well exposed in Denmark, along the coast of East Greenland and on the arctic islands of Svalbard. During the Mesozoic, Scandinavia and Greenland were subject to major extension in the Late Permian-Early Triassic and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, prior to Cenozoic opening of the North Atlantic. Deep basins developed along the rift zones of the North Sea and between East Greenland and Norwa）; and were .filled with sediments derived from mainland Scandinavia and Greenland. The marginal areas bordering the rift zones suffered less subsidence, as did the epicontinental Barents Sea.

Structure and evolution of the continental margin off Norway and the Barents Sea

The Norwegian Margin formed in response to early Cenozoic continental breakup and subsequent opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. There is a welldefined margin segmentation and the various segments are characterized by distinct crustal properties, structural and magmatic styles, and post-opening history of vertical motions. The sedimentary basins at the conjugate continental margins off Norway and Greenland and in the western Barents Sea developed as a result of a series of post-Caledonian rift episodes until early Cenozoic time, when complete continental separation took place.

鄂霍次克海新近纪沉积旋回（依据古生物和地震资料）

在鄂霍次克海地区可划分出3个主要的新近纪沉积旋回：第一旋回：厚逾1000m的渐新世-早中新世沉积旋回；第二旋回：厚达2000m的中-晚中新世旋回；第三旋回：厚约1000m的上新世-第四纪沉积旋回。厚度最大的地方位于库页岛东北边和堪察加半岛西边的近海区。这些旋回的划分以具侵蚀面的区域性不整合为依据，每个旋回都以厚度为几米、几十米至成百上千米不等的粗粒碎屑沉积物（砾岩，含砾砂岩）开始，旋回中部由砂页岩（粉砂质砂、泥岩或页岩、硅藻土）组成，旋回上部为厚达100～300m的海退沉积序列或者陆相含煤沉积。