Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world,especially in the arid desert regions.Combating desertification,therefore,is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale.The Taklima...Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world,especially in the arid desert regions.Combating desertification,therefore,is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale.The Taklimakan Desert in China is the second largest mobile desert in the world and has been called the''Dead Sea''due to few organisms can exist in such a harsh environment.The Taklimakan Desert Highway,the longest desert highway(a total length of 446 km)across the mobile desert in the world,was built in the 1990s within the Taklimakan Desert.It has an important strategic significance regarding oil and gas resources exploration and plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of southern Xinjiang,China.However,wind-blow sand seriously damages the smoothness of the desert highway and,in this case,mechanical sand control system(including sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards)was used early in the life of the desert highway to protect the road.Unfortunately,more than 70%of the sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards have lost their functions,and the desert highway has often been buried and frequently blocked since 1999.To solve this problem,a long artificial shelterbelt with the length of 437 km was built along the desert highway since 2000.However,some potential problems still exist for the sustainable development of the desert highway,such as water shortage,strong sandstorms,extreme environmental characteristics and large maintenance costs.The study aims to provide an overview of the damages caused by wind-blown sand and the effects of sand control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway.Ultimately,we provide some suggestions for the biological sand control system to ensure the sustainable development of the Taklimakan Desert Highway,such as screening drought-resistant species to reduce the irrigation requirement and ensure the sound development of groundwater,screening halophytes to restore vegetation in the case of soil salinization,and planting cash crops,such as Cistanche,Wolfberry,Apocynum and other cash crops to decrease the high cost of maintenance on highways and shelterbelts.展开更多
150团位于新疆石河子市莫索湾北端风积沙漠与荒漠交错地带,深入古尔班通古特沙漠70 km,沙漠化土地面积占团场可利用土地面积的12%.研究该地区的植被覆盖度的时空变化趋势,对植被生长状况作出合理评价能够为研究区生态环境保护、防护林...150团位于新疆石河子市莫索湾北端风积沙漠与荒漠交错地带,深入古尔班通古特沙漠70 km,沙漠化土地面积占团场可利用土地面积的12%.研究该地区的植被覆盖度的时空变化趋势,对植被生长状况作出合理评价能够为研究区生态环境保护、防护林构建、植被长效可持续性提供科学指导.以莫索湾垦区150团为研究对象,用改进的像元二分模型,结合团场土地利用类型,探究近30 a植被覆盖度的时空变化,并用防护林种植密度、郁闭度、疏透度和成活率对植被现状作了评价.结果表明:①近30 a 150团低植被覆盖率面积减少了25.41%,中植被覆盖率面积增加了7.47%,高植被覆盖率面积增加了17.93%;重度退化的面积占0.81%,轻度退化的面积占31.58%,未发生变化的面积为1.63%,低度改善的面积占51.28%,高度改善的面积占14.69%.②近30 a 150团北部地区植被出现退化,南部地区植被得到明显改善,植被整体向良性趋势发展.可能的原因是团场南部地区人口集中,林带在一定程度上能得到城市中水的补给,且团场南部防护林受到的风沙危害较北部弱,故在相同自然条件下,南部地区植被比北部地区生长良好.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971731,41771121)the Xinjiang National Key Research and Development Program(2019B00005)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFC0506705)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2017476).
文摘Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world,especially in the arid desert regions.Combating desertification,therefore,is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale.The Taklimakan Desert in China is the second largest mobile desert in the world and has been called the''Dead Sea''due to few organisms can exist in such a harsh environment.The Taklimakan Desert Highway,the longest desert highway(a total length of 446 km)across the mobile desert in the world,was built in the 1990s within the Taklimakan Desert.It has an important strategic significance regarding oil and gas resources exploration and plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of southern Xinjiang,China.However,wind-blow sand seriously damages the smoothness of the desert highway and,in this case,mechanical sand control system(including sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards)was used early in the life of the desert highway to protect the road.Unfortunately,more than 70%of the sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards have lost their functions,and the desert highway has often been buried and frequently blocked since 1999.To solve this problem,a long artificial shelterbelt with the length of 437 km was built along the desert highway since 2000.However,some potential problems still exist for the sustainable development of the desert highway,such as water shortage,strong sandstorms,extreme environmental characteristics and large maintenance costs.The study aims to provide an overview of the damages caused by wind-blown sand and the effects of sand control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway.Ultimately,we provide some suggestions for the biological sand control system to ensure the sustainable development of the Taklimakan Desert Highway,such as screening drought-resistant species to reduce the irrigation requirement and ensure the sound development of groundwater,screening halophytes to restore vegetation in the case of soil salinization,and planting cash crops,such as Cistanche,Wolfberry,Apocynum and other cash crops to decrease the high cost of maintenance on highways and shelterbelts.
文摘150团位于新疆石河子市莫索湾北端风积沙漠与荒漠交错地带,深入古尔班通古特沙漠70 km,沙漠化土地面积占团场可利用土地面积的12%.研究该地区的植被覆盖度的时空变化趋势,对植被生长状况作出合理评价能够为研究区生态环境保护、防护林构建、植被长效可持续性提供科学指导.以莫索湾垦区150团为研究对象,用改进的像元二分模型,结合团场土地利用类型,探究近30 a植被覆盖度的时空变化,并用防护林种植密度、郁闭度、疏透度和成活率对植被现状作了评价.结果表明:①近30 a 150团低植被覆盖率面积减少了25.41%,中植被覆盖率面积增加了7.47%,高植被覆盖率面积增加了17.93%;重度退化的面积占0.81%,轻度退化的面积占31.58%,未发生变化的面积为1.63%,低度改善的面积占51.28%,高度改善的面积占14.69%.②近30 a 150团北部地区植被出现退化,南部地区植被得到明显改善,植被整体向良性趋势发展.可能的原因是团场南部地区人口集中,林带在一定程度上能得到城市中水的补给,且团场南部防护林受到的风沙危害较北部弱,故在相同自然条件下,南部地区植被比北部地区生长良好.
