秦岭烟区不同基因型烤烟化学成分与挥发性香气物质研究

为明确秦岭烟区烤烟烟叶化学成分与香气品质状况,采用差异性分析、相关性分析以及通径分析等方法,对秦岭烟区3种不同基因型的烤烟YN99、秦烟96、K326烟叶中化学成分和挥发性香气物质进行分析。结果表明:秦岭烟区烤烟烟叶的钾含量、糖碱比和氮碱比较低;与YN99和秦烟96相比,K326烤烟烟叶的糖含量较高(24.29%),总氮含量最低(1.82%),其他化学成分和比值适宜,达到了优质烤烟标准,K326化学成分含量及协调性最好。3种不同基因型烤烟烟叶香气物质种类基本相同,但含量差异较大。32种香气物质有14种至少在两个品种间存在显著差异,K326烤烟烟叶中苯丙氨酸降解产物、棕色化反应产物、茄酮、新植二烯和其他香气物质的含量均高于YN99和秦烟96,在秦岭烟区K326挥发性香气物质总量最高。烟叶中的钾和总植物碱对香气物质的影响最大,在一定范围内适当提高烟叶中钾含量和降低总植物碱含量有利于提高烤烟香气品质。3种不同基因型烤烟中K326化学成分和香气品质均为最佳,最适合在秦岭烟区推广种植。

柔性结构对车辆运动稳定性的影响

采用刚柔耦合动力学仿真方法,分别研究了轮对、构架及车体柔性对车辆稳定性的影响,对比了轮对、构架、车体柔性与全刚体结构条件下的车辆临界速度差异,并深入探讨了柔性结构引起临界速度变化的原因。结果表明,柔性结构会降低车辆的临界速度,三种柔性结构导致临界速度的减小量排序为:柔性车体<柔性构架<柔性轮对;车体柔性和构架柔性降低临界速度的根源在于抗蛇形减振器;柔性轮对带来的附加结构模态导致横向位移幅值增加,振动衰减变慢,振动周期变小。当多柔性体结构同时耦合存在时,由于叠加效应临界速度将会降低更多,因此传统的多刚体动力学方法会高估车辆运行稳定性,是偏于危险的。

Evaluation of Membership Degree on Conventional Chemical Components in Tobacco from Tobacco Leaf Bases in Yunnan Province Based on Cigarette Brands

[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the quality condition of chemical components of tobacco in Yunnan. [Method] The C3F samples were collected from 76 base units in Yunnan Province and their conventional chemical components were analyzed, and the evaluation was carded out based on the membership function and hierarchical cluster analysis of cigarette brands H1 and H2 in Yunnan. [Result] The results showed that： （1） Major chemical components of 76 base units were coordinated overall. （2） Total nitrogen of brand H1 was higher than that of the high-quality tobacco leaves by 12.08%; raw tobacco of brands H3 and H2 satisfied the quality requirements of high-quality tobacco in Yunnan; and the total sugar and reducing sugar in flue-cured tobacco of brand H4 were higher those of the high-quality tobacco leaves by 0.76% and 10.3%, respectively. （3） The total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium of tobacco leaves from bases of G1 group were higher than those of tobacco from bases of G2 group by 38.1%, 2.27% and 7.34%, respectively; and total nitrogen and chlorine were lower by 4.69% and 11.11%, respectively; and nicotine contents in tobacco of the two groups were similar. （4） H2 and H3 were not significantly different in main chemical components; H3 and H4 were significantly different in total nitrogen, while other main chemical components were not significant different; and there were no significant differences between H4 and H2. [Conclusion] The quality of tobacco leaves from tobacco base units of G1 and G2 groups was better. Therefore, the evaluation provides theoretical reference for construction of tobacco base units.

基于相似度分段及重采样的自适应波形数据压缩

针对快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对稳态和暂态频繁切换的智能家电的电流数据压缩时,存在单周波非整数点造成的谐波失真及时间相位累计误差、分段衔接失真等问题,提出了一种基于相似度分段及重采样的自适应波形数据压缩方法。通过自相关系数自动分段得到稳态和暂态,对稳态数据重采样后用FFT和ZLIB级联压缩,对暂态数据采用ZLIB无损压缩,并提出综合压缩系数评价指标。以微波炉、空调、洗衣机进行测试,实验表明,在保证失真度的情况下,优选综合压缩系数较小的采样率; 5种采样率下的3种重采样方法中重采样到单周波128点综合效果较好,压缩比高于21. 73,均方根误差百分比在1. 04%之内。