Objective:Afghanistan has witnessed a long-lasting 4-decade armed conflict,which together with high levels of poverty and interpersonal violence,resulted in high incidence and prevalence of mental disorders in general...Objective:Afghanistan has witnessed a long-lasting 4-decade armed conflict,which together with high levels of poverty and interpersonal violence,resulted in high incidence and prevalence of mental disorders in general population,including children and adolescents.Until mid-2018,there was neither mental health care facility nor a child psychiatrist in Afghanistan.Here,we report the establishment of the first children and adolescents'mental health center(CAMHC)in Herat province of Afghanistan.Methods:In July 2018,CAMHC was initiated at Mental Health Training Center-Herat.CAMHC was initially planned by the International Assistance Mission(IAM)and Herat Public Health Directorate;and financially supported by the Tearfund UK,the United Methodist Committee on Relief and Tearfund Australia.The target population of CAMHC was children and adolescents in Herat and neighboring provinces,healthcare professionals,staff of government and non-governmental organizations,school teachers and community leaders.Results:A group of eight mental health professionals were trained and made the interdisciplinary board for diagnosis and management of mental disorders in children and adolescents.During the initial three-year period,2448 patients,including 1264(51.6%)boys and 1184(48.4%)girls,presented with mental disorders to CAMHC.Diagnosis and management of mental disorders were performed according to standard international protocols.Eighteen awareness-raising seminars were held;2000 leaflets,10000 posters,and 30000 brochures were prepared and distributed;and two short video clips were produced and broadcast via IAM website,social media and local TV channels.A database was developed to house for project data,assessment of outcomes and reporting to stakeholders.Conclusion:Establishment of CAMHC resulted in significant achievements in diagnosis and management of mental disorders among children and adolescents,healthcare staff capacity building,and awareness-raising about mental disorders.Data obtained in CAMHC offers government,mental health professionals and the community the opportunity of improving mental health in the region.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of different intestinal parasitic infections among male primary schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa,Saudi Arabia,and to explore the possible relative socioeconomic, environmental and beha...Objective:To investigate the prevalence of different intestinal parasitic infections among male primary schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa,Saudi Arabia,and to explore the possible relative socioeconomic, environmental and behavioural sanitary correlates.Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed.A total of 1 289 male students aged from 7 to 12 years were selected randomly from 20 urban and 12 rural primary schools by multistage sampling method. Data collection was carried out by self administered questionnaire form to the parents/guardians of students and included inquires about socio-demographics,environmental conditions,and behavioural sanitary habits.Stool analysis was carried out to examine the presence of intestinal parasitic infections.Results:Overall prevalence of parasitic infections was 27.2%,more among rural students.Frequently encountered infections included Entamoeba histolytica/dispar(8.2%), Giardia lamblia(6.5%),Entamoeba coli(4.0%) and Enterobius vermicularis(1.6%).Logistic regression revealed that lower maternal educational level and occupational status,low family income,big family size,poor personal hygienic practices and positive history of previous intestinal infections among family members increased the likelihood of infections.Conclusions: Although of low magnitude,intestinal parasitic infections still represent a public health concern among male schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa region.Socio-demographic and poor personal hygienic habits are the main predictors for these infections.展开更多
The mechanisms of seismically-induced liquefaction of granular soils underhigh confining stresses are still not fully understood. Evaluation of these mechanisms is generallybased on extrapolation of observed behavior ...The mechanisms of seismically-induced liquefaction of granular soils underhigh confining stresses are still not fully understood. Evaluation of these mechanisms is generallybased on extrapolation of observed behavior at shallow depths. Three centrifuge model tests wereconducted at RPI's experimental facility to investigate the effects of confining stresses on thedynamic response of a deep horizontal deposit of saturated sand. Liquefaction was observed at highconfining stresses in each of the tests. A system identification procedure was used to estimate theassociated shear strain and stress time histories. These histories revealed a response marked byshear strength degradation and dilative patterns. The recorded accelerations and pore pressures wereemployed to generate visual animations of the models. These visualizations revealed a liquefactionfront traveling downward and leading to large shear strains and isolation of upper soil layers.展开更多
After 10 years’ construction, the regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System final network satellite was launched on October 25, 2012, formally providing free positioning, navigation, timing and short message servic...After 10 years’ construction, the regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System final network satellite was launched on October 25, 2012, formally providing free positioning, navigation, timing and short message services to users in the Asia-Pacific region since December, 2012. As a national major infrastructure, the BeiDou system is a long-term strategic development project of China and attracted strong support by the Chinese top leaders. SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION Development Goal The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System aims at supplying stable, reliable and quality satellite navigation services for customers worldwide, serving the globe and benefiting mankind. The construction of the system is being implemented展开更多
Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract...Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract the ageing process. Objective To evaluate the anti- ageing effects of a new DMAE- based formulation. Methods 30 male rats were randomly allocated into treatment,D-gal ageing modeland control groups, each of which contained ten rats.Treatment group and D- gal ageing model group were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose prepared in normal saline 125mg·kg-1·d-1for 42 d. Control groups were injected with normal saline for42 d with same method and dose. From the 18 th day,after shaving their hair,the treatment grouprats were injected thisnew DMAE-based formulation at a dose of 1ml per week for 4 weeks in the Dermis of two sides hip skin mark zone.Meanwhile,D-gal ageing model group rats were administrated the same volume of normal saline with same method. Skin specimens were obtained 3days after the last treatment. Dermal collagen density and dermal thickness were evaluated by H&E and Massontrichrome staining. And m RNA expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Type I,Type III Pro-collagen,TIMP-1,MMP- 1,were assessed by Real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Dermal thickness, dermal collagen density and hydroxyproline content in treatment group increased significantly comparing with D- gal ageing model group. No differences were found in m RNA expression of MMP- 1 and Type III Pro- collagen between the treatment group and D- gal ageing model group. In addition, m RNA expression of TGFβ1, Type I Pre-collagen, TIMP1 and smad3 in treatment group were significantly up- regulated in contrast with D- gal ageing model and control group. Conclusion This new DMAE- based formulationcould generate anti- ageing effects by activating collagen synthesisthrough TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.展开更多
Cyclone Mekunu developed in the Arabian Sea on 22 May 2018 and made landfall near the Port of Salalah(Oman)on 25 May.Wide spread damages to properties and coastal facilities and human casualties were reported in Yemen...Cyclone Mekunu developed in the Arabian Sea on 22 May 2018 and made landfall near the Port of Salalah(Oman)on 25 May.Wide spread damages to properties and coastal facilities and human casualties were reported in Yemen and Oman.Less information on numerical modelling of waves and surge is publicly available on this cyclone.Therefore,numerical modelling of Cyclone Mekunu was carried out in the present study to derive waves and storm surge.The MIKE21 Spectral Wave Model and the Flow Model were used in coupled mode to simulate the waves and surge from the cyclone.Model results of waves and surge are presented in this paper for illustration purposes.The methodology of the present study can be used to simulate any cyclone around the world.展开更多
In this paper we report, for the first time, a new approach for synthesis of high quality faceted microcrystalline coatings of molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), their carbides and composites. These studies are carried ou...In this paper we report, for the first time, a new approach for synthesis of high quality faceted microcrystalline coatings of molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), their carbides and composites. These studies are carried out using Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HF-CVD) method wherein parent materials (Mo and/or W) are taken in the form of wires (~0.5 mmdia) and are heated to a high temperature (TF ~ 1500 - 2000 C), in ambient of “oxygen (O2) diluted hydrogen (H2) gas”. Due to high filament temperature (TF), a series of pyrolytic reactions take place. Firstly, the gasification of wire material (Mo and/or W) occurs in the form of its oxide. The oxide molecules reach the substrate which is kept underneath the filament assembly. Secondly, molecular hydrogen gets dissociated into atomic hydrogen and subsequently reaches the substrate to react with oxide molecules, finally leading to the precipitation of a pure metal. This method can also be used, in situ, to convert metallic coatings into their carbides and/or composites. The method offers many other attractive features, which can not be rendered by the conventionalCVD/PVDmethods. The results are discussed in terms of temperature induced “Red-ox” reactions.展开更多
Objective: To explore the application of intelligent blood temperature and humidity monitoring system in cold chain management of blood station. Methods: Through the monitoring of fifty sets of cold-chain equipment in...Objective: To explore the application of intelligent blood temperature and humidity monitoring system in cold chain management of blood station. Methods: Through the monitoring of fifty sets of cold-chain equipment in the central blood station in Hezhou for 6 months, the differences between the management of the automatic temperature and humidity monitoring system and the manual management were compared in terms of real-time recording, equipment alarm, data storage, historical data traceability and data analysis. Results: Temperature and humidity automatic monitoring system can automatically real-time acquisition, transmission, storage and alarm according to the required time interval;meanwhile, historical data can be quickly exported and traced, data and charts can be analyzed, and the alarm is real-time and effective. Conclusion: The system can effectively monitor the process of blood cold chain in blood stations and play a key role in ensuring blood quality. It can be popularized and used in blood stations.展开更多
During the past five decades niobium has emerged as the most important microalloying element in high strength steels.The first theories to explain its role were presented in the seminal publications of Woodhead,Morris...During the past five decades niobium has emerged as the most important microalloying element in high strength steels.The first theories to explain its role were presented in the seminal publications of Woodhead,Morrison and Gray.Today niobium microalloyed steels are unchallenged for their main applications.Some examples include linepipe for gas transportation,automotive steels used in body-in-white and structural parts,shipbuilding,steel towers and steel structures in civil construction that exhibit better fire resistance and seismic load performance.Modern technology for steelmaking helped emphasize the superior overall properties that can be attained with the use of niobium.Gas linepipe is the best example of cleaner steel with carbon levels below 0.05% manufactured economically.Modern niobium microalloyed steels present the optimal balance of strength,toughness,weldability and formability.This paper describes the evolution of the technology associated with niobium in microalloyed steels,technology that secured its status as the efficient solution to solving today’s challenges:safety,energy efficiency and environmental concerns.The paper also presents evidence that enhances the case that there is a secure,stable,long-term supply of the ferroniobium used to manufacture these steels.展开更多
文摘Objective:Afghanistan has witnessed a long-lasting 4-decade armed conflict,which together with high levels of poverty and interpersonal violence,resulted in high incidence and prevalence of mental disorders in general population,including children and adolescents.Until mid-2018,there was neither mental health care facility nor a child psychiatrist in Afghanistan.Here,we report the establishment of the first children and adolescents'mental health center(CAMHC)in Herat province of Afghanistan.Methods:In July 2018,CAMHC was initiated at Mental Health Training Center-Herat.CAMHC was initially planned by the International Assistance Mission(IAM)and Herat Public Health Directorate;and financially supported by the Tearfund UK,the United Methodist Committee on Relief and Tearfund Australia.The target population of CAMHC was children and adolescents in Herat and neighboring provinces,healthcare professionals,staff of government and non-governmental organizations,school teachers and community leaders.Results:A group of eight mental health professionals were trained and made the interdisciplinary board for diagnosis and management of mental disorders in children and adolescents.During the initial three-year period,2448 patients,including 1264(51.6%)boys and 1184(48.4%)girls,presented with mental disorders to CAMHC.Diagnosis and management of mental disorders were performed according to standard international protocols.Eighteen awareness-raising seminars were held;2000 leaflets,10000 posters,and 30000 brochures were prepared and distributed;and two short video clips were produced and broadcast via IAM website,social media and local TV channels.A database was developed to house for project data,assessment of outcomes and reporting to stakeholders.Conclusion:Establishment of CAMHC resulted in significant achievements in diagnosis and management of mental disorders among children and adolescents,healthcare staff capacity building,and awareness-raising about mental disorders.Data obtained in CAMHC offers government,mental health professionals and the community the opportunity of improving mental health in the region.
基金supported by a grant from the Deanship of Scientific Research,King Faisal University
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence of different intestinal parasitic infections among male primary schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa,Saudi Arabia,and to explore the possible relative socioeconomic, environmental and behavioural sanitary correlates.Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed.A total of 1 289 male students aged from 7 to 12 years were selected randomly from 20 urban and 12 rural primary schools by multistage sampling method. Data collection was carried out by self administered questionnaire form to the parents/guardians of students and included inquires about socio-demographics,environmental conditions,and behavioural sanitary habits.Stool analysis was carried out to examine the presence of intestinal parasitic infections.Results:Overall prevalence of parasitic infections was 27.2%,more among rural students.Frequently encountered infections included Entamoeba histolytica/dispar(8.2%), Giardia lamblia(6.5%),Entamoeba coli(4.0%) and Enterobius vermicularis(1.6%).Logistic regression revealed that lower maternal educational level and occupational status,low family income,big family size,poor personal hygienic practices and positive history of previous intestinal infections among family members increased the likelihood of infections.Conclusions: Although of low magnitude,intestinal parasitic infections still represent a public health concern among male schoolchildren in Al-Ahsa region.Socio-demographic and poor personal hygienic habits are the main predictors for these infections.
基金This research was supported by the National Science Foundation,Grant No.CMS-984754(Dr.C.Astill program manager)the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center.
文摘The mechanisms of seismically-induced liquefaction of granular soils underhigh confining stresses are still not fully understood. Evaluation of these mechanisms is generallybased on extrapolation of observed behavior at shallow depths. Three centrifuge model tests wereconducted at RPI's experimental facility to investigate the effects of confining stresses on thedynamic response of a deep horizontal deposit of saturated sand. Liquefaction was observed at highconfining stresses in each of the tests. A system identification procedure was used to estimate theassociated shear strain and stress time histories. These histories revealed a response marked byshear strength degradation and dilative patterns. The recorded accelerations and pore pressures wereemployed to generate visual animations of the models. These visualizations revealed a liquefactionfront traveling downward and leading to large shear strains and isolation of upper soil layers.
文摘After 10 years’ construction, the regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System final network satellite was launched on October 25, 2012, formally providing free positioning, navigation, timing and short message services to users in the Asia-Pacific region since December, 2012. As a national major infrastructure, the BeiDou system is a long-term strategic development project of China and attracted strong support by the Chinese top leaders. SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION Development Goal The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System aims at supplying stable, reliable and quality satellite navigation services for customers worldwide, serving the globe and benefiting mankind. The construction of the system is being implemented
文摘Background Dimethylaminoethanol has been widely used to fight against wrinkles, in the field of aesthetic medicine there is an increasing demand for safe and effective Dimethylaminoethanol-based products to counteract the ageing process. Objective To evaluate the anti- ageing effects of a new DMAE- based formulation. Methods 30 male rats were randomly allocated into treatment,D-gal ageing modeland control groups, each of which contained ten rats.Treatment group and D- gal ageing model group were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose prepared in normal saline 125mg·kg-1·d-1for 42 d. Control groups were injected with normal saline for42 d with same method and dose. From the 18 th day,after shaving their hair,the treatment grouprats were injected thisnew DMAE-based formulation at a dose of 1ml per week for 4 weeks in the Dermis of two sides hip skin mark zone.Meanwhile,D-gal ageing model group rats were administrated the same volume of normal saline with same method. Skin specimens were obtained 3days after the last treatment. Dermal collagen density and dermal thickness were evaluated by H&E and Massontrichrome staining. And m RNA expressions of TGFβ1, Smad3, Type I,Type III Pro-collagen,TIMP-1,MMP- 1,were assessed by Real- time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Dermal thickness, dermal collagen density and hydroxyproline content in treatment group increased significantly comparing with D- gal ageing model group. No differences were found in m RNA expression of MMP- 1 and Type III Pro- collagen between the treatment group and D- gal ageing model group. In addition, m RNA expression of TGFβ1, Type I Pre-collagen, TIMP1 and smad3 in treatment group were significantly up- regulated in contrast with D- gal ageing model and control group. Conclusion This new DMAE- based formulationcould generate anti- ageing effects by activating collagen synthesisthrough TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
文摘Cyclone Mekunu developed in the Arabian Sea on 22 May 2018 and made landfall near the Port of Salalah(Oman)on 25 May.Wide spread damages to properties and coastal facilities and human casualties were reported in Yemen and Oman.Less information on numerical modelling of waves and surge is publicly available on this cyclone.Therefore,numerical modelling of Cyclone Mekunu was carried out in the present study to derive waves and storm surge.The MIKE21 Spectral Wave Model and the Flow Model were used in coupled mode to simulate the waves and surge from the cyclone.Model results of waves and surge are presented in this paper for illustration purposes.The methodology of the present study can be used to simulate any cyclone around the world.
文摘In this paper we report, for the first time, a new approach for synthesis of high quality faceted microcrystalline coatings of molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), their carbides and composites. These studies are carried out using Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HF-CVD) method wherein parent materials (Mo and/or W) are taken in the form of wires (~0.5 mmdia) and are heated to a high temperature (TF ~ 1500 - 2000 C), in ambient of “oxygen (O2) diluted hydrogen (H2) gas”. Due to high filament temperature (TF), a series of pyrolytic reactions take place. Firstly, the gasification of wire material (Mo and/or W) occurs in the form of its oxide. The oxide molecules reach the substrate which is kept underneath the filament assembly. Secondly, molecular hydrogen gets dissociated into atomic hydrogen and subsequently reaches the substrate to react with oxide molecules, finally leading to the precipitation of a pure metal. This method can also be used, in situ, to convert metallic coatings into their carbides and/or composites. The method offers many other attractive features, which can not be rendered by the conventionalCVD/PVDmethods. The results are discussed in terms of temperature induced “Red-ox” reactions.
文摘Objective: To explore the application of intelligent blood temperature and humidity monitoring system in cold chain management of blood station. Methods: Through the monitoring of fifty sets of cold-chain equipment in the central blood station in Hezhou for 6 months, the differences between the management of the automatic temperature and humidity monitoring system and the manual management were compared in terms of real-time recording, equipment alarm, data storage, historical data traceability and data analysis. Results: Temperature and humidity automatic monitoring system can automatically real-time acquisition, transmission, storage and alarm according to the required time interval;meanwhile, historical data can be quickly exported and traced, data and charts can be analyzed, and the alarm is real-time and effective. Conclusion: The system can effectively monitor the process of blood cold chain in blood stations and play a key role in ensuring blood quality. It can be popularized and used in blood stations.
文摘During the past five decades niobium has emerged as the most important microalloying element in high strength steels.The first theories to explain its role were presented in the seminal publications of Woodhead,Morrison and Gray.Today niobium microalloyed steels are unchallenged for their main applications.Some examples include linepipe for gas transportation,automotive steels used in body-in-white and structural parts,shipbuilding,steel towers and steel structures in civil construction that exhibit better fire resistance and seismic load performance.Modern technology for steelmaking helped emphasize the superior overall properties that can be attained with the use of niobium.Gas linepipe is the best example of cleaner steel with carbon levels below 0.05% manufactured economically.Modern niobium microalloyed steels present the optimal balance of strength,toughness,weldability and formability.This paper describes the evolution of the technology associated with niobium in microalloyed steels,technology that secured its status as the efficient solution to solving today’s challenges:safety,energy efficiency and environmental concerns.The paper also presents evidence that enhances the case that there is a secure,stable,long-term supply of the ferroniobium used to manufacture these steels.
