Inter individual differences in the metabolism of antimalarials could be due to polymorphism of NAT2 gene. The authors determined the genotypic frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） of NAT2 gene and it...Inter individual differences in the metabolism of antimalarials could be due to polymorphism of NAT2 gene. The authors determined the genotypic frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） of NAT2 gene and it＇s implication in antimalarial treatment during a vitamin A and zinc supplementation intervention in children aged 6 to 24 months. Children were deparasitized with artesunate-amodiaquine （ASAQ）-toddler 50/135 mg. Pharmacovigilance was done for 40 days, adverse events recorded and blood was spotted on filter paper for DNA extraction by chelex method. PCR-RFLP was performed with restriction enzymes KpnI, TaqI, and BamHl for detection of SNPs of NAT2. Allelic frequencies and phenotypes were compared between participants with or without adverse drug events. The prevalence of fast, slow and intermediate acetylators was 55%, 30% and 11% respectively. There was a significant association （P = 0.035） between NAT2 slow acetylators （and susceptibility to develop skin rash. No significant difference was observed between fast and slow acetylators and susceptibility to develop fever, anorexia, cough and common cold. Slow acetylators were more susceptible, （P = 0.011） to develop any adverse event The NAT2 slow acetylator phenotype was the most predominant and individuals with this phenotype were more significantly susceptible to develop adverse events to ASAQ.展开更多
Meat constitutes the main source of protein and occupies an important place in our diet. Indeed, the production of poultry and beef has increased. However, the hygienic quality of meat is not always guaranteed. Microo...Meat constitutes the main source of protein and occupies an important place in our diet. Indeed, the production of poultry and beef has increased. However, the hygienic quality of meat is not always guaranteed. Microorganisms such as Escherichia coli can be found in meat and can cause various infections including diarrhea, dysentery, food poisoning, gastroenteritis or typhoid fever. Thus, the present study was designed to characterize Escherichia coli (E. coli) from beef and chicken consumed in restaurants in Yaoundé Cameroon. A total of 105 meat samples (60 beef and 45 chickens) were subjected to microbial culture for E. coli isolation and further confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using primers EC-F and EC-R that are specific to E. coli 16S rRNA gene. The supplier source, storage, and transport conditions were taken into consideration during sample analysis and data processing. This study revealed that 77/105 samples (73.33%) were positive for E. coli following microbial culture and 35 (33.33%) were positive for E. coli following molecular examination. A statistically significant difference was observed when PCR and microbial culture were used to assess for E. coli in beef and a non-statistically significant difference was observed in the case of chicken meat. Also, a statistically significant difference was noticed with the different transport conditions, but this wasn’t the case with the supplier source as well as the storage conditions where a non-statistically significant difference was seen. This study revealed that PCR-based methods are fast and reliable in the identification and characterization of Escherichia coli in meats (beef and chicken) as well as in assessing the prevalence of pathogenic E. coli, in Cameroon.展开更多
文摘Inter individual differences in the metabolism of antimalarials could be due to polymorphism of NAT2 gene. The authors determined the genotypic frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） of NAT2 gene and it＇s implication in antimalarial treatment during a vitamin A and zinc supplementation intervention in children aged 6 to 24 months. Children were deparasitized with artesunate-amodiaquine （ASAQ）-toddler 50/135 mg. Pharmacovigilance was done for 40 days, adverse events recorded and blood was spotted on filter paper for DNA extraction by chelex method. PCR-RFLP was performed with restriction enzymes KpnI, TaqI, and BamHl for detection of SNPs of NAT2. Allelic frequencies and phenotypes were compared between participants with or without adverse drug events. The prevalence of fast, slow and intermediate acetylators was 55%, 30% and 11% respectively. There was a significant association （P = 0.035） between NAT2 slow acetylators （and susceptibility to develop skin rash. No significant difference was observed between fast and slow acetylators and susceptibility to develop fever, anorexia, cough and common cold. Slow acetylators were more susceptible, （P = 0.011） to develop any adverse event The NAT2 slow acetylator phenotype was the most predominant and individuals with this phenotype were more significantly susceptible to develop adverse events to ASAQ.
文摘Meat constitutes the main source of protein and occupies an important place in our diet. Indeed, the production of poultry and beef has increased. However, the hygienic quality of meat is not always guaranteed. Microorganisms such as Escherichia coli can be found in meat and can cause various infections including diarrhea, dysentery, food poisoning, gastroenteritis or typhoid fever. Thus, the present study was designed to characterize Escherichia coli (E. coli) from beef and chicken consumed in restaurants in Yaoundé Cameroon. A total of 105 meat samples (60 beef and 45 chickens) were subjected to microbial culture for E. coli isolation and further confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using primers EC-F and EC-R that are specific to E. coli 16S rRNA gene. The supplier source, storage, and transport conditions were taken into consideration during sample analysis and data processing. This study revealed that 77/105 samples (73.33%) were positive for E. coli following microbial culture and 35 (33.33%) were positive for E. coli following molecular examination. A statistically significant difference was observed when PCR and microbial culture were used to assess for E. coli in beef and a non-statistically significant difference was observed in the case of chicken meat. Also, a statistically significant difference was noticed with the different transport conditions, but this wasn’t the case with the supplier source as well as the storage conditions where a non-statistically significant difference was seen. This study revealed that PCR-based methods are fast and reliable in the identification and characterization of Escherichia coli in meats (beef and chicken) as well as in assessing the prevalence of pathogenic E. coli, in Cameroon.
