Problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response theory:State of mind and coping styles of depressed mothers after cesarean delivery

BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response(SOR)theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression.AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory.METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each,according to the random number table method.In the control group,the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory.The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks,and the state of mind,coping styles,and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention.RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care,and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care(26.48±3.35)was higher than that in the control group(21.73±3.20),and the level of avoidance(12.04±2.68)and submission(8.14±1.15)was lower than that in the control group(15.75±2.69 and 9.95±1.20),with significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression,improved their state of mind,and coping level with illness.

HIV-1 Subtype Diversity and Factors Affecting Drug Resistance among Patients with Virologic Failure in Antiretroviral Therapy in Hainan Province,China,2014–2020

Objective This study aimed to determine the HIV-1 subtype distribution and HIV drug resistance(HIVDR)in patients with ART failure from 2014 to 2020 in Hainan,China.Methods A 7-year cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients with ART failure in Hainan.We used online subtyping tools and the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree to confirm the HIV subtypes with pol sequences.Drug resistance mutations(DRMs)were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.Results A total of 307 HIV-infected patients with ART failure were included,and 241 available pol sequences were obtained.Among 241 patients,CRF01_AE accounted for 68.88%,followed by CRF07_BC(17.00%)and eight other subtypes(14.12%).The overall prevalence of HIVDR was 61.41%,and the HIVDR against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs),nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs),and protease inhibitors(PIs)were 59.75%,45.64%,and 2.49%,respectively.Unemployed patients,hypoimmunity or opportunistic infections in individuals,and samples from 2017 to 2020 increased the odd ratios of HIVDR.Also,HIVDR was less likely to affect female patients.The common DRMs to NNRTIs were K103N(21.99%)and Y181C(20.33%),and M184V(28.21%)and K65R(19.09%)were the main DRMs against NRTIs.Conclusion The present study highlights the HIV-1 subtype diversity in Hainan and the importance of HIVDR surveillance over a long period.

Assessment of cerebrovascular reserve impairment using the breath-holding index in patients with leukoaraiosis

Many studies have demonstrated that leukoaraiosis is associated with impaired cerebrovascular reserve function. However, the definitive hemodynamic changes that occur in leukoaraiosis are not clear, and there are many controversies. This study aimed to investigate hemodynamic changes in symptomatic leukoaraiosis using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test in a Chinese Han population, from northern China. A total of 203 patients who were diagnosed with ischemic stroke or clinical chronic progressive ischemic symptoms were enrolled in this study, including 97 males and 106 females, with an age range of 43-93 years. The severity of leukoaraiosis was evaluated according to the Fazekas grading scale, and patients were divided into four groups accordingly. Grade 0 was no leukoaraiosis, and grades I, II, and III were mild, moderate, and severe leukoaraiosis, respectively, with 44, 79, 44, and 36 cases in each group. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and the breath-holding test were performed. The mean blood flow velocity of the bilateral middle cerebral artery was measured and the breath-holding index was calculated. The breath holding index was correlated with leukoaraiosis severity and cognitive impairment. Patients with a low breath holding index presented poor performance in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and executive function tests. That is, the lower the breath holding index, the lower the scores for the MoCA and the higher for the trail-making test Parts A and B. These results indicate that the breath-holding index is a useful parameter for the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis. In addition, the breath-holding index can reflect cognitive dysfunction, providing a new insight into the pathophysiology of leukoaraiosis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Peoples Hospital of Shenyang, China (approval No. 20160301) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800014421).

The role of autophagic and lysosomal pathways in ischemic brain injury

Autophagy is involved in neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Our previous studies showed that rapamycin-induced autophagy decreased the rate of apoptosis, but the rate of apoptosis was in- creased after the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, was used. In this study, a suture-occluded method was performed to generate a rat model of brain ischemia. Under a transmission electron microscope, autophagic bodies and autophagy lysosomes were markedly accumulated in neurons at 4 hours post brain ischemic injury, with their numbers gradually reducing over time. Western blotting demonstrated that protein levels of light chain 3-11 and cathepsin B were significantly in- creased within 4 hours of ischemic injury, but these levels were not persistently upregulated over time. Confocal microscopy showed that autophagy was mainly found in neurons with positive light chain 3 signal. Injection of rapamycin via tail vein promoted the occurrence of autophagy in rat brain tissue after cerebral ischemia and elevated light chain 3 and cathepsin B expression. However, in- jection of 3-methyladenine significantly diminished light chain 3-11 and cathepsin B expression. Results verified that autophagic and lysosomal activity is increased in ischemic neurons. Abnormal components in cells can be eliminated through upregulating cell autophagy or inhibiting autophagy after ischemic brain injury, resulting in a dynamic balance of substances in cells. Moreover, drugs that interfere with autophagy may be potential therapies for the treatment of brain injury.

Elemene-containing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with chemotherapy for elderly patients with peritoneal metastatic advanced gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Almost all elderly patients with peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer(PGC)are unlikely to tolerate cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)and adjuvant chemotherapy.However,determining how to optimize the treatment strategy for such patients has always been a clinical problem.Both HIPEC and palliative adjuvant chemotherapy can benefit patients with PGC.Therefore,optimizing HIPEC and chemotherapy regimens has potential clinical value in reducing side effects,and improving treatment tolerance and clinical effectiveness.AIM To explore the effect of HIPEC containing elemene,which is an anti-cancer component extracted in traditional Chinese herbal medicine,combined with reduced capecitabine and oxaliplatin(CapeOx)chemotherapy regimens,in elderly patients with PGC.METHODS In the present study,39 of 52 elderly PGC patients were included and assigned to different HIPEC treatment groups[lobaplatin group(group L)and mixed group(group M)]for analysis.Lobaplatin was used for all three HIPECs in group L.In group M,lobaplatin was used in the middle of the three HIPECs,and elemene was used for the first and third HIPEC.After HIPEC,patients received CapeOx chemotherapy.The incidence of complications(abdominal infection,lung infection,and urinary tract infection),myelosuppression,immune function(CD4/CD8 ratio),average length of hospital stay,and prognosis were compared between these two groups.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups during hospitalization(P>0.05).Compared to patients in group M,patients in group L exhibited severe myelosuppression(P=0.027)and increased length of hospital stay(P=0.045).However,no overall survival benefit was observed in group M.Furthermore,the immune function of patients in group M was less affected(P<0.001),when compared to that of patients in group L.The multivariate analysis suggested that the cycles of chemotherapy after perfusion significantly affected the prognosis of patients in both groups.CONCLUSION Compared to the lobaplatin-based HIPEC regimen,the administration of elemene reduced the myelosuppression incidence in elderly PGC patients.The present study sheds light on the implementation of this therapeutic strategy for this set of patients.

Effect of cetuximab combined with paclitaxel + cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy on esophageal cancer cell proliferation and invasion

Objective:To study the effect of cetuximab combined with paclitaxel + cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy on esophageal cancer cell proliferation and invasion.Methods:A total of 62 patients with esophageal cancer who were treated in the hospital between January 2015 and December 2016 were collected and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table, with 31 cases in each group. Control group of patients received paclitaxel + cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgery, and observation group of patients accepted cetuximab combined with paclitaxel + cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgery. The differences in proliferation and invasion gene expression in the tumor tissue were compared between two groups of patients before and after chemotherapy.Results:Before chemotherapy, differences in proliferation and invasion gene expression in tumor tissue were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After chemotherapy, pro-proliferation genes FOXA1, ABCE1, USP39 and Nestin mRNA expression in tumor tissue of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group;anti-proliferation genes PETN, KLF4, TSLC1 and AnnexinA2 mRNA expression were significantly higher than those of control group;pro-invasion genesγ-synuclein, CXCR4 and Snail mRNA expression were significantly lower than those of control group;anti-invasion genes CIAPIN1, Fez and Lrig1 mRNA expression were significantly higher than that of control group.Conclusions:Cetuximab combined with paclitaxel + cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy can effectively inhibit the malignant degree of esophageal cancer cells and inhibit its proliferation and invasion.

Explore the Mechanism of Ginseng on Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology

Objective:To analyze the active mechanism of ginseng on breast cancer and its target mechanism.Methods:The Chinese medicine system pharmacology technology platform(TCMSP)database was used to screen out potential chemically active substances and related target proteins in ginseng.The genome annotation database platform(Genecards)was used to predict the target targets of breast cancer,and the uniprot database was used to query and Corresponding gene names,with the help of Cytoscape(3.7.2)software,to build a visualization of the"drug-disease-target"network diagram,construct a protein interaction network through the String database platform,and then use the Bioconductor platform and R language GO enrichment Analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results:Through screening,22 effective chemical components of ginseng,15 key chemicals related to breast cancer,and 35 common targets of ginseng-breast cancer were obtained.The core genes of PPI were MAPK8,AR,RELA,and CASP8.,CYP1A1,CASP3,NCOA1,NR3C1,ICAM1,NCOA2,PGR,AKR1C3,CYP1B1,CYP3A4,GSTP1;Obtain 68 GO biological processes including,and 83 KEGG-related signaling pathways involving TNF signaling pathway,toxoplasmosis pathway Influenza A pathway,fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathway,prostate cancer pathway,etc.Conclusion:Ginseng can achieve anti-breast cancer effect through multiple ways,which lays the foundation for the future extraction of effective ingredients to treat breast cancer.

Correlation between serum homocysteine content and the changes in patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Objective:To study the correlation between serum homocysteine (Hcy) content and the changes in patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with T2DM between March 2015 and April 2018 in our hospital were chosen and divided into the DPN group combined with DPN and the T2DM group not combined with DPN;healthy volunteers were chosen as the control group. The serum contents of Hcy, folic acid (FA), vitamin B12 (VitB12), inflammation indexes and oxidation indexes as well as sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) in extremities were measured.Results:Serum Hcy, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and high mobility group B1 (HMGB1) contents of DPN group were significantly higher than those of T2DM group and control group while serum FA, VitB12, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) contents as well as median nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve, common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve SCV levels were significantly lower than those of T2DM group and control group;serum sVCAM-1, IL-1β and HMGB1 contents significantly increased while serum SOD and GSH contents as well as median nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve, common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve SCV levels significantly decreased in DPN group of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia.Conclusion: Serum Hcy content significantly increases in patients with DPN, and it can aggravate the nerve conduction function injury and activate the inflammatory and oxidative reaction.

Comparison of the degree of inflammatory stress response of laparoscopic myomectomy and abdominal surgery

Objective:To study the degree of inflammatory stress response of laparoscopic myomectomy and abdominal surgery.Methods: Patients who underwent myomectomy in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Dayi County between June 2014 and October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and according to different operation methods, they were divided into the laparoscopy group and the control group who underwent laparoscopic surgery and open surgery respectively. The contents of inflammatory factors and stress mediators in serum as well as the expression of inflammatory molecules and stress molecules in peripheral blood were measured before surgery and 1 d after surgery.Results: Compared with those of same group before surgery, serum TNF-α, sICAM1, sVCAM1, sTREM1, GH, Cor, C-P, FT4 and CRP levels as well as peripheral blood JAK2, STAT3, Notch2, Hes1, Nrf2, HO-1, MPO and FOXP3 expression intensity of both groups of patients were significantly higher after surgery, and serum TNF-α, sICAM1, sVCAM1, sTREM1, GH, Cor, C-P, FT4 and CRP levels as well as peripheral blood JAK2, STAT3, Notch2, Hes1, Nrf2, HO-1, MPO and FOXP3 expression intensity of laparoscopy group of patients after surgery were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Compared with abdominal surgery, laparoscopic myomectomy can reduce the degree of postoperative inflammatory stress response.

Therapeutic effect of neurogrowth factor in the treatment of gingival pain and swelling in patients with dental pulp necrosis after root canal therapy

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of neurogrowth factor in the treatment of gingival pain and swelling in patients with dental pulp necrosis after root canal therapy and the effect on the serum inflammatory cytokines. Methods: A total of 156 patients with gingival pain and swelling after root canal therapy due to dental pulp necrosis were included in the study and randomized into the control group (n=78) and teh treatment group (n=78). The patients in the control group were given metronidazole tablets. On the above basis, the patients in the treatment group were given local injection of neurogrowth factors. 10-day treatment was regarded as one course, and the patients were continuously treated for 2 courses. The improvement of clinical symptoms before and after treatment in the two groups was evaluated. Gingival sulcus index and serum inflammatory cytokines before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. Results: When compared with before treatment, the periodontal soft tissue swelling, tooth mobility, and periapical pain scores after treatment in the two groups were significantly reduced, and those in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group. When compared with before treatment, the gingival sulcus bleeding index 1 and 2 courses after treatment in the two groups was significantly reduced, and that 2 courses after treatment was significantly lower than that after 1 course treatment. The gingival sulcus bleeding index 1 and 2 courses after treatment in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group. When compared with before treatment, the serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels after treatment in the two groups, and TNF-α level after treatment in the treatment group were significantly reduced, and the above indicators in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusions: The neurogrowth factors in the treatment of gingival pain and swelling in patients with dental pulp necrosis after root canal therapy can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, and inhibit the inflammatory reaction, with a significant efficacy.

Exploration of the molecular mechanism of Indigo Naturalis in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes through integrated pharmacological study

Background:Oral administration of indigo naturalis(IN)is used as a complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)regimen for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).However,its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated and needs to be further explored.Methods:By searching the traditional Chinese medicine system and analyzing platforms(TCMSP),bioinformatics analysis tool for the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine(BATMAN-TCM),and Swiss Target Prediction network database,the main active components and potential targets of IN were obtained.Based on this,a component-target network was established by Cytoscape 3.6.1 software.Differentially expressed genes(DGEs)in MDS were obtained from three GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)gene chips.Then,the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of DGEs was constructed and analyzed by STRING database and Cytoscape 3.6.1 software.In addition,Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)biological enrichment analysis were carried out using REVIGO and KEGG Orthology Based Annotation System(KOBAS)on DGEs,respectively.Identification of IN-MDS compound targets was performed by matching potential targets of active components with disease-related targets.The results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were combined with compound targets to screen key targets.In the end,molecular docking was performed by SYBYL-X2.1 to verify the key targets.Results:Nine active components of IN and 439 potential targets of IN were identified by analyzing TCMSP,BATMAN-TCM,and Swiss Target Prediction network databases.Three MDS disease-related gene microarray chips were obtained from the GEO databases:GSE4619,GSE19429,and GSE58831.Through this analysis,87 DEGs were finally obtained using the Venn diagram.A PPI network of DEGs was then constructed,in which 18 genes were upregulated and 69 genes were downregulated.After the GO enrichment results were de-redundant,the representative GO terms were obtained by using REVIGO semantic similarity measuremen.The KEGG biological pathway analysis using the KOBAS indicated that the Hippo signaling pathway is important in MDS.The Hippo signaling pathway involves four genes:AREG,LEF1,SMAD7,and TCF4.By matching and mapping DEGs with potential targets,six IN-MDS compound targets were obtained:PDE4B,PLAUR,ELANE,NR3C1,AREG,and LEF1.We found that AREG and LEF1 are consistent with the genes involved in the Hippo signaling pathway.Through molecular docking simulation,we found that the indican binds best to AREG and LEF1.Conclusion:Based on the integrated pharmacology model,the material basis of the efficacy and biological molecular mechanism of IN in the treatment of MDS was systematically studied,which provided a novel indication of the CAM regimen for the improvement of MDS management.

Endoscopic Ruler for varix size measurement:A multicenter pilot study

BACKGROUND We invented Endoscopic Ruler,a new endoscopic device to measure the size of varices in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of Endoscopic Ruler,and evaluate the agreement on identifying large oesophageal varices(OV)between Endoscopic Ruler and the endoscopists,as well as the interobserver agreement on diagnosing large OV using Endoscopic Ruler.METHODS We prospectively and consecutively enrolled patients with cirrhosis from 11 hospitals,all of whom got esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)with Endoscopic Ruler.The primary study outcome was a successful measurement of the size of varices using Endoscopic Ruler.The secondary outcomes included adverse events,operation time,the agreement of identifying large OV between the objective measurement of Endoscopic Ruler and the empirical reading of endoscopists,together with the interobserver agreement on diagnosing large OV by Endoscopic Ruler.RESULTS From November 2020 to April 2022,a total of 120 eligible patients with cirrhosis were recruited and all of them underwent EGD examinations with Endoscopic Ruler successfully without any adverse event.The median operation time of Endoscopic Ruler was 3.00 min[interquartile range(IQR):3.00 min].The kappa value between Endoscopic Ruler and the endoscopists while detecting large OV was 0.52,demonstrating a moderate agreement.The kappa value for diagnosing large OV using Endoscopic Ruler among the six independent observers was 0.77,demonstrating a substantial agreement.CONCLUSION The data demonstrates that Endoscopic Ruler is feasible and safe for measuring the size of varices in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Endoscopic Ruler is potential to promote the clinical practice of the two-grade classification system of OV.

Abnormal Alterations of Cortical Thickness in 16 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus： A Pilot MRI Study

这研究的目的是调查服的外皮的厚度的目的用一个整个大脑在类型 2 糖尿病 mellitus ( T2DM )变化基于大脑印射系统的外皮的厚度磁性的回声成像( MRI ) .Methods 高度分辨率三维的T1加权的快宠坏的坡度记起的回响先生图象从 16 个病人被获得与 T2DM ，以及从 16 正常控制。外皮的厚度印射的整个大脑被产生，并且每个大脑区域的外皮的厚度用由 Freesurfer 软件的一个自动化标记的系统根据兴趣(ROI ) 的旋转基于的区域是计算的。我们作为 covariates 由协变性的分析在每个大脑区域把吝啬的外皮的厚度与年龄和性别作比较。在整个大脑上的外皮的厚度的地区性的差别被吝啬的外皮的厚度分析显示出的基于表面的外皮的 thickness.Results 的分析比较在有 T2DM 的病人的双边的大脑(左：2.

Benefit of everolimus in treatment of an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patient with a PIK3CA mutation

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) is a relatively rare form of liver cancer with a poor prognosis. The therapeutic options for patients with advanced ICC are limited and usually ineffective. There is currently no approved targeted therapy for ICC, although accumulating evidence supports inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of ICC. Here, we report a patient with stage IV ICC harboring a PIK3 CA mutation who responded well to the m TOR inhibitor everolimus. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated shrinkage of the tumor and maintenance of a partial response for 6.5 mo after everolimus treatment as the best response. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical case report in the literature of clinical benefit from everolimus treatment in an ICC patient with PIK3 CA mutation.

Hepatic steatosis with mass effect:A case report

BACKGROUND Hepatic steatosis is a common radiologic finding.Some imaging inklings are the absence of a mass effect,and there is currently no report of hepatic steatosis with mass effect.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old female was admitted due to a liver mass for half a month.No obvious abnormalities were found in physical and laboratory examinations.Ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging showed a huge mass between the liver and stomach with a significant mass effect,and the caudate lobe and left lobe of the liver were involved.The signal on T2-and T1-weighted fat-saturated images of the mass was significantly reduced,and the enhanced scan showed inhomogeneous enhancement.Surgical and pathological findings indicated the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis.The operation and re-review of the patient’s images showed that the lesion was supplied by the branch of the hepatic artery.The signal on T1-weighted out-of-phase images of the lesion was lower than on in-phase images,and there was no black rim cancellation artifact around the hepatic steatosis area on T1-weighted out-of-phase images.The dynamic enhancement pattern of the lesion was similar to that of the adjacent normal liver parenchyma.The above characteristics suggested that the lesion was hepatic steatosis.However,in this case,the lesion showed exogenous growth and was mass-like,with an obvious mass effect,which has not been reported previously.CONCLUSION Hepatic steatosis could grow exogenously and has an obvious mass effect.It needs to be distinguished from fat-rich tumors.The T1-weighted in-and out-of-phase images and dynamic enhanced scanning are valuable for differential diagnosis of this lesion.

A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate testicular aging reveals exhaustion of the spermatogonial stem cell reservoir and loss of Sertoli cell homeostasis

The testis is pivotal for male reproduction,and its progressive functional decline in aging is associated with infertility.However,the regulatory mechanism underlying primate testicular aging remains largely elusive.Here,we resolve the aging-related cellular and molecular alterations of primate testicular aging by establishing a single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas.Gene-expression patterns along the spermatogenesis trajectory revealed molecular programs associated with attrition of spermatogonial stem cell reservoir,disturbed meiosis and impaired spermiogenesis along the sequential continuum.Remarkably,Sertoli cell was identified as the cell type most susceptible to aging,given its deeply perturbed age-associated transcriptional profiles.Concomitantly,downregulation of the transcription factor Wilms'Tumor 1(WTi),essential for Sertoli cell homeostasis,was associated with accelerated cellular senescence,disrupted tight junctions,and a compromised cell identity signature,which altogether may help create a hostile microenvironment for spermatogenesis.Collectively,our study depicts in-depth transcriptomic traits of non-human primate(NHP)testicular aging at single-cell resolution,providing potential diagnostic biomarkers and targets for therapeutic interventions against testicular aging and age-related male reproductive diseases.

Effects of basal insulin combined with Sitagliptin Phosphate Tablets on blood glucose control, oxidative stress and inflammatory response

Objective:To study the effects of basal insulin combined with Sitagliptin Phosphate Tablets on blood glucose control, oxidative stress and inflammatory response.Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients with poor blood glucose control after metformin monotherapy in our hospital between March 2015 and July 2017 were selected as the research subjects and divided into two groups by random number table method. The experimental group received metformin + basal insulin + sitagliptin treatment, while control group were treated with metformin + glimepiride. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin as well as the contents of oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory response indexes were measured before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Results: Compared with those before treatment, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, serum AGEs, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and VCAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf2, HO-1, NOX2 and NOX4 expression intensity of both groups were significantly decreased while serum SOD and CAT contents were significantly increased 3 months after treatment, and glycosylated hemoglobin level, serum AGEs, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and VCAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf2, HO-1, NOX2 and NOX4 expression intensity of experimental group 3 months after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group whereas serum SOD and CAT contents were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Basal insulin combined with Sitagliptin Phosphate Tablets can improve the blood glucose control condition and reduce the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic patients with poor blood glucose control after metformin monotherapy.

Single-nucleus profiling unveils a geroprotective role of the Foxo3 in primate skeletal muscle aging

Age-dependent loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is a feature of sarcopenia,and increases the risk of many aging-related metabolic diseases.Here,we report phenotypic and single-nucleus transcriptomic analyses of non-human primate skeletal muscle aging.A higher transcriptional fluctuation was observed in myonuclei relative to other interstitial cell types,indicating a higher susceptibility of skeletal muscle fiber to aging.We found a downregulation of Foxo3 in aged primate skeletal muscle,and identi-fied FOxo3 as a hub transcription factor maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis.Through the establishment of a complementary experimental pipeline based on a human pluripotent stem cell-derived myotube model,we revealed that silence of Foxo3 accelerates human myotube senescence,whereas genetic activation of endogenous FOxO3 alleviates human myotube aging.Altogether,based on a combination of monkey skeletal muscle and human myotube aging research models,we unraveled the pivotal role of the FOxO3 in safeguarding primate skeletal muscle from aging,providing a comprehensive resource for the development of clinical diagnosis and targeted therapeutic interventions against human skeletal muscle aging and the onset of sarcopenia along with aging-relateddisorders.

Correlation of serum pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content with malignant proliferation of cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer

Objective: To investigate the correlation of serum pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content with malignant proliferation of cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer. Methods:Superficial gastritis group (n=247), gastric ulcer group (n=159) and gastric cancer group (n=97) who were pathologically diagnosed by gastroscopy in Chongqing wanzhou district people's hospital of 5 between August 2016 and August 2017 were selected, and the differences in serum pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content as well as proliferation and apoptosis gene expression in lesion tissue were compared among the three groups. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content with malignant proliferation activity of cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer. Results: Serum pepsinogenⅠ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content in gastric cancer group were lower than those in gastric ulcer group and superficial gastritis group. Proliferation genes EIF5A2, MACF1 and PIK3CD mRNA expression levels in gastric cancer group were higher than those in gastric ulcer group and superficial gastritis group whereas SIRT1 mRNA expression level was lower than that in gastric ulcer group and superficial gastritis group;apoptosis gene Livin mRNA expression level was higher than that in gastric ulcer group and superficial gastritis group whereas Bad and Noxa mRNA expression levels were lower than those in gastric ulcer group and superficial gastritis group;serum pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content in gastric cancer group were negatively correlated with EIF5A2, MACF1, PIK3CD and Livin mRNA expression levels, and positively correlated with SIRT1, Bad and Noxa mRNA expression levels. Conclusion: The serum pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio and gastrin-17 content abnormally reduce in patients with gastric cancer, and the specific levels are directly correlated with gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis activity.

Effect of S-1 combined with oxaliplatin on serum tumor markers,matrix metalloproteinase and immune function in elderly patients with gastric cancer

Objective: To investigate the effect of Compound Tegafur and Oteracil Potassium Sustained Capsules (S-1) combined with oxaliplatin chemotherapy on serum tumor marker matrix metalloproteinase and immune function in elderly patients with gastric cancer. Methods:According to the random data table, 80 cases of elderly patients with gastric cancer were divided into control group and observation group (n=40), patients in the control group were treated with oxaliplatin combined with Capecitabine Tablets, and the observation group patients were treated with S-1 combined with oxaliplatin, all treated for 6 cycles, before and after treatment, levels of serum tumor markers, matrix metalloproteinase and immune function were compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of CEA, CA125, CA19-9, MMP-2, MMP-9, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+between the two groups;After treatment, the levels of CEA, CA125, CA19-9, MMP-2, MMP-9 and CD8+in the two groups were significantly lower than those in the same group before treatment, and the levels of the observation group[(7.79±2.78) ng/mL, (22.56±7.31) U/mL, (13.48±3.05) U/mL, (57.84±8.93) ng/mL, (199.14±67.39) ng/mL and (26.21±4.18)%] were significantly lower than those in the control group;Compared with the group before treatment, the levels of CD3+, CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in the two groups were significantly increased, and the observation group [(66.89±5.84)%, (41.63±5.24)% and (1.37±0.29)] was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: S-1 combined with oxaliplatin chemotherapy can effectively reduce serum tumor markers and matrix metalloproteinase levels, improve immune function, has an important clinical value.