1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI), control of disease progress, and reduction of mo...1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI), control of disease progress, and reduction of mortality. Clinical decision-making in modem medicine is increasingly dependent on cardiovascular imaging techniques. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/ PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease has been issued by American Heart Association (AHA). European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has issued 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.展开更多
Objective: To understand the prevalence of RTIs/STIs, the incidence of sex violence and the KAP of the sex and reproductive health among unmarried floating young women.Methods: During Ocb.2002 to Feb.2003, in the mate...Objective: To understand the prevalence of RTIs/STIs, the incidence of sex violence and the KAP of the sex and reproductive health among unmarried floating young women.Methods: During Ocb.2002 to Feb.2003, in the maternal and child health hospital of Beijing, Shenzhen, Nanning and Zhengzhou, 1,219 unmarried floating young women who wanted termination of pregnancy and was under 24 years old before induced abortion received gynecological and laboratory examination. At the same time, they also answered a self-questionnaire. Results: The mean age of all respondents was (22.0±1.6) years old. The respondents' average age of having first sexual activity was (20.3±1.8) years old. The rate of induced abortion history was 38.7%. 17.5% of young women had never used contraception. The incidence of sex violence was 15.6%. The prevalence of RTIs and STIs was 56.1% and 9.7%, respectively. Young women were lack of the knowledge about reproductive health care. Conclusions: The reproductive health situation of unmarried floating young women was serious, especially on sex violence and RTIs/STIs and higher rate of induced abortion.展开更多
Atrial fibrillation is of public health importance and profoundly increases morbidity, mortality and health-related expenditures. Morbidities include the increased risks of cardiovascular outcomes such as heart failur...Atrial fibrillation is of public health importance and profoundly increases morbidity, mortality and health-related expenditures. Morbidities include the increased risks of cardiovascular outcomes such as heart failure and stroke, and the deleterious effects on quality of life, functional status and cognition. Our purpose is to understand the molecular mechanism of atrial fibrillation, a model under pathological conditions should be established. Acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter in the vagus nerve, has been established with numerous atrial fibrillation models. We will discuss the established model of atrial fibrillation which induced by acetylcholine, aiming to seek a model which are more close to the clinical condition. The underlying mechanisms will be discussed in order to observe the mechanism of antiarrhythmic drugs.展开更多
In order to analyze the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) including the 5.8 S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of common dermatophytes, so as to obtain a rapid and accurate method to identify the species of d...In order to analyze the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) including the 5.8 S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of common dermatophytes, so as to obtain a rapid and accurate method to identify the species of dermatophytes and to establish the phylogenetic tree of these species to understand their relationship, 16 strains of dermatophytes were collected and preliminarily identified by morphological characteristics. General primers for fungi ITS1 and ITS4 were used to amplify the ITS rDNA of each strains with PCR. The PCR products after purification were sequenced directly and were analyzed through internet. In the results, 11 strains were identified by means of morphological features, among which 5 strains were Trichophyton, 5 strains were Microsporum and 1 was Epidermophytoa, which was consistent with the results by molecular biology. In the 5 unidentifiable strains, 1 strain was proved to be Chrysosporium by molecular biology. These strains studied could be divided into 3 different classes as indicated in the analysis of the phylogenetic tree of the sequences in ITS, which were quite different from those of morphological classification. It is evident from the above observations that the molecular method of analysis on the ITS sequences is a rapid, highly sensitive and accurate approach for the detection of dematophyte species, however, it still exhibits some limitations needing the supplementation with morphological identification.展开更多
Objective To examine the effects of exogenously administered intermedin (IMD,adrenomedullin-2) on arterial blood pressure,cardiac function and the cardiovascular IMD receptor system in spontaneously hypertensive ra...Objective To examine the effects of exogenously administered intermedin (IMD,adrenomedullin-2) on arterial blood pressure,cardiac function and the cardiovascular IMD receptor system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as well as to investigate the associated mechanisms.Methods Thirteen week-old male rats were divided in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) group (n =12),SHR group (n =12),IMD group (SHRs infused with IMD 1-47 500 ng/kg per hour,n =12),and ADM group (SHRs infused with adrenomedullin 500 ng/kg per hour,n =12).Results A two-week continuous administration of low dose IMD 1-47 via mini-osmotic pumps markedly reduced blood pressure,the maximal rates of increase and decrease of left-ventricle pressure development (LV ± dp/dtmax),left ventricular systolic pressure and heart rate in SHRs.Furthermore,IMD also inhibited protein over-expression of cardiovascular IMD receptors,myocardial Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins (RAMP1 and RAMP2),aortic RAMP1,RAMP2,RAMP3,and calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR);suppressed up-regulation of aortic RAMP1,RAMP2,RAMP3 and CRLR gene expression; and markedly elevated the mRNA abundance of myocardial atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and myocardial brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).Additionally,IMD 1-47 administration in SHRs increased aortic cAMP concentration and reduced myocardial cAMP concentration.Conclusion These findings support the speculation that IMD,as a cardiovascular active peptide,is involved in blood pressure reduction and cardiac function amelioration during hypertension.The mechanism underlying this effect may involve IMD binding of a receptor complex formed by RAMPs and CRLR,and consequential regulation of cAMP levels and other cardiovascular active factors,such as ANP and BNP.展开更多
In this study,we aimed to explore the safety and vaccination coverage data of Chinese patients with breast cancer receiving coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination.The patients were recruited from 41 hospitals a...In this study,we aimed to explore the safety and vaccination coverage data of Chinese patients with breast cancer receiving coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination.The patients were recruited from 41 hospitals across 20 Chinese provinces.The vaccination coverage was approximately 22.4%,and the frequency of total adverse events was 13.3%after the first dose and 9.9%after the second dose.The most frequent adverse reaction within 14 days of the first dose was local pain(5.7%).Unvaccinated patients were very likely to reject the vaccine rather than be hesitant in patients with old age(odds ratio[OR],1.238;95%confidence interval[CI],1.101-1.391),chronic disease history(OR,1.189;95%CI,1.057-1.337),and cancer relapse(OR,1.398;95%CI,1.233-1.585).Of the unvaccinated patients with breast cancer,54.1%opted to receive COVID-19 vaccines if more data were available.Considering the safety but low vaccination coverage for breast cancer,increased positive attitudes and acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccines are important.展开更多
Background:To study lesions' location and prognosis of cubital tunnel syndrome (CubTS) by routine motor nerve conduction studies (MNCSs) and short-segment nerve conduction studies (SSNCSs,inching test).Methods...Background:To study lesions' location and prognosis of cubital tunnel syndrome (CubTS) by routine motor nerve conduction studies (MNCSs) and short-segment nerve conduction studies (SSNCSs,inching test).Methods:Thirty healthy subjects were included and 60 ulnar nerves were studied by inching studies for normal values.Sixty-six patients who diagnosed CubTS clinically were performed bilaterally by routine MNCSs and SSNCSs.Follow-up for 1-year,the information of brief complaints,clinical symptoms,and physical examination were collected.Results:Sixty-six patients were included,88 of nerves was abnormal by MNCS,while 105 was abnormal by the inching studies.Medial epicondyle to 2 cm above medial epicondyle is the most common segment to be detected abnormally (59.09%),P < 0.01.Twenty-two patients were followed-up,17 patients' symptoms were improved.Most of the patients were treated with drugs and modification of bad habits.Conclusions:(1) SSNCSs can detect lesions of compressive neuropathy in CubTS more precisely than the routine motor conduction studies.(2) SSNCSs can diagnose CubTS more sensitively than routine motor conduction studies.(3) In this study,we found that medial epicondyle to 2 cm above the medial epicondyle is the most vulnerable place that the ulnar nerve compressed.(4) The patients had a better prognosis who were abnormal in motor nerve conduction time only,but not amplitude in compressed lesions than those who were abnormal both in velocity and amplitude.Our study suggests that SSNCSs is a practical method in detecting ulnar nerve compressed neuropathy,and sensitive in diagnosing CubTS.The compound muscle action potentials by SSNCSs may predict prognosis of CubTS.展开更多
AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of liver microcirculation in vivo after arterial embolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM). METHODS: DSM were injected into the proper hepatic artery through a sila...AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of liver microcirculation in vivo after arterial embolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM). METHODS: DSM were injected into the proper hepatic artery through a silastic tube inserted retrogradely in gastroduodenal artery (GDA) of SD rats. Fluorescent microscopy was used to evaluate the dynamic changes of blood flow through the terminal portal venules (TPVs), sinusoids and terminal hepatic venules (THVs). The movements of DSM debris were also recorded. Six hours after injection of DSM, percentages of THVs with completely stagnant blood flow were recorded. RESULTS: Two phases of blood flow change were recorded. In phase one: after intra-arterial injection of DSM, slow or stagnant blood flow was immediately recorded in TPVs, sinusoids and THVs. This change was reversible, and blood flow resumed completely. In phase two: after phase one, blood flow in TPVs changed again and three patterns of blood flow were recorded. Six hours after DSM injection, 36.9% ± 9.2% of THVs were found with completely stagnant blood flow. CONCLUSION: DSM can stop the microcirculatory blood flow in some areas of liver parenchyma. Liver parenchyma supplied by arteries with larger A-P shunt is considered at a higher risk of total microcirculatory blood stagnation after injection of DSM through hepatic artery.展开更多
Objective:Endometrial hyperplasia is considered as a precursor of endometrial carcinoma,in which oncogenic potential is low in hyperplasia without atypia,but high in atypical hyperplasia.The objective of this study wa...Objective:Endometrial hyperplasia is considered as a precursor of endometrial carcinoma,in which oncogenic potential is low in hyperplasia without atypia,but high in atypical hyperplasia.The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for atypical endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women.Methods:Fifty four infertile women with endometrial hyperplasia,which were selected from a large cohort of 2 098 women who desired for the future childbearing in our center,were diagnosed by hysteroscopy with directed biopsies or dilation and curettage (D&C),including 44 with hyperplasia without atypia,10 with atypical hyperplasia.Clinical characteristics were recorded in terms of age,body mass index (BMI),parity,insulin resistance,polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Statistical comparison was made between women with hyperplasia without atypia and atypical hyperplasia.Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the contribution of PCOS,obesity and insulin resistance to atypical hyperplasia.Results:The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women was 2.57% (54/2098),which included 10 women (0.48%) were diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia.PCOS in women with atypical hyperplasia (70%,7/10) was significantly higher than those of hyperplasia without atypia (27.27%,12/44).Stepwise regression analysis showed that PCOS contributed maximally to atypical endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women.Conclusion:PCOS is an independent risk factor for atypical endometrial hyperplasia in women with infertility.The infertile women with PCOS are at an increased risk for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the value of the plasma transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level in diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The ELISA kits for human TGF-β1 were used to measur...Objective: To investigate the value of the plasma transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level in diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The ELISA kits for human TGF-β1 were used to measure the TGF-β1 level in plasmas. A cohort of 295 consecutive PCa patients in recent more than two years in the First Hospital of Peking University of China was enrolled to the study. Furthermore, 55 control subjects were healthy and without evidence of PCa, who were random people that came to the hospital and were identified by prostate biopsy. Results: An age-related frequency chart indicated that 99% confidence interval of the difference with PCa was at the age of 53-85 years. The PCa patients aged 53-85 were classified into three groups according to TNM staging. Group A had Stages TO, T1 and T2. Group B had Stage T3 and Group C had Stage T4. Compared with control group, Group A had the lower level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.05), Group B had the higher level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.05) and Group C had the even higher level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.01). According to TNM staging, Group D had Stages TO, T1 and T2 with the normal level of total PSA (tPSA). Group E with the normal level of tPSA had metastasis after resection. Compared with control group, Group D had the lower plasma level of TGF-β1 (P 〈0.05) and Group E had higher plasma level of TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.01). Conclusion: The plasma TGF-β1 level decreases at early stage of PCa and increases at later stage of PCa, especially at tumor metastasis after the resection. The plasma TGF-β1 level may therefore be complementary to PSA for PCa prognosis.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?After menopause,women are prone to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes and osteoporosis and gynecological diseases such as pelvic floor dysfunction and repro...What is already known about this topic?After menopause,women are prone to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes and osteoporosis and gynecological diseases such as pelvic floor dysfunction and reproductive tract infection.What is added by this report?The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis increased with age,while the prevalence of vaginitis and cervicitis decreased with the increase of age.The proportions of women aged 50–70 years old suffering from chronic and gynecological diseases in western and rural areas were significantly higher than those in eastern,central and urban areas.What are the implications for public health practice?It is necessary to take targeted intervention measures in the western region and rural areas,in order to narrow the gap in health of menopausal and older women between different areas of China.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Improving their utilization of health examination is important for improving the health of menopausal and older women.What is added by this report?Only 32.3%and 29.7%of women had...What is already known about this topic?Improving their utilization of health examination is important for improving the health of menopausal and older women.What is added by this report?Only 32.3%and 29.7%of women had been screened for cervical cancer and breast cancer,respectively.The overall utilization rate of health examination for menopausal and older women is low.The health examination services for menopausal and older women were utilized less in the western regions and in rural areas than in the eastern and central regions and in urban areas.What are the implications for public health practice?The imbalance of development is an important factor affecting the utilization of health examination for menopausal and older women.It is necessary to take effective measures to improve the level of service utilization in the western region and rural areas,in order to narrow the gap in health between different regions.展开更多
To investigate the relationship between the severity of Chinese medicine(CM) bloodstasis syndrome(BSS) with clinical features and renal lesion indexes of the primary glomerular disease. Methods:An epidemiological surv...To investigate the relationship between the severity of Chinese medicine(CM) bloodstasis syndrome(BSS) with clinical features and renal lesion indexes of the primary glomerular disease. Methods:An epidemiological survey was conducted to collect the data of 227 patients diagnosed as chronic primary glomerular diseases,and their severity of BSS were scored three days before renal biopsies were performed.The following clinical indexes were analyzed:age,course of glomerular diseases,24-h urine protein ration(Up...展开更多
Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common clinical problem.Many researchers have demonstrated that LBP disorders have difference in sensory strategies for postural control.Optokinetic stimulation (OKS) of optic f...Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common clinical problem.Many researchers have demonstrated that LBP disorders have difference in sensory strategies for postural control.Optokinetic stimulation (OKS) of optic flow has been widely applied to study its effect on vision,but has not been applied to LBP.Here we used OKS on different surfaces to investigate the characteristics of chronic nonspecific LBP (CNLBP) posture control,so as to provide new theoretical and experimental data for further recognizing CNLBP and enriching its treatment.Methods Fifteen individuals with CNLBP (age range 25-40 years) and 15 age and gender-matched control subjects were recruited.Each subject,while standing on a stable or soft surface,was exposed to random-dot patterns projected on a large screen,with the dots displaying expansion (+) and contraction (-) and velocities including 80°,40°,and 20° per second.The visual stimulus used a "stimuli-interval" pattern.The peak velocity,different phases' standard deviation (SD) of the anterior-posterior centre of pressure (COP) displacements and the total length of the medial-lateral COP sway (LML) for stable surface and soft surface were recorded by force platform.Results The main effect of surface on all parameters was significant,while the main effect of group and OKS showed no significance with the exception of peak velocity (F(3,95)=3.6,P=0.01) and A2 (F(5,140)=9.34,P <0.01) for which the effect of OKS was significant.The interactions of group by OKS of A2 (F(5,140)=3.65,P <0.01) and group by surface by OKS (F(5,140)=2.83,P=-0.02),and surface by OKS of A1 and A3 (P <0.05) were significant.It was reported that significantly more SD in amplitude in the T2 phase was seen in persons with CNLBP when confronting the + 40 stimuli on the soft surface (P <0.05) compared to healthy individuals.Conclusions There was no significance between persons with CNLBP and healthy people when using the stable surface.Subjects with LBP showed decreased efficiency of postural adjustment when exposed to more complicated tasks and environments,especially OKS in the expansion direction,and displayed a visual-dependent phenomenon.This result suggested that the treatment of abnormal motor patterns in people with LBP should take the properties of task and environment into account.展开更多
Objective To determine mutations of two common potassium channel subunit genes KCNQ1, KCNH2 causing long QT syndrome (LQTS) in the Chinese.Methods Thirty-one Chinese LQTS pedigrees were characterized for mutations in ...Objective To determine mutations of two common potassium channel subunit genes KCNQ1, KCNH2 causing long QT syndrome (LQTS) in the Chinese.Methods Thirty-one Chinese LQTS pedigrees were characterized for mutations in the two LQTS genes, KCNQ1 and KCNH2, by sequencing.Results Two novel KCNQ1 mutations, S277L in the S5 domain and G306V in the channel pore, and two novel KCNH2 mutations, L413P in the transmembrane domain S1 and L559H in the transmembrane domain S5 were identified. The triggering factors for cardiac events developed in these mutation carriers included physical exercise and excitation. Mutation L413P in KCNH2 was associated with the notched T wave on ECGs. Mutation L559H in KCNH2 was associated with the typical bifid T wave on ECGs. Mutation S277L in KCNQ1 was associated with a high-amplitude T wave and G306V was associated with a low-amplitude T wave. Two likely polymorphisms, IVS11 +18C >T in KCNQ1 and L520V in KCNH2 were also identified in two LQTS patients.Conclusions The mutation rates for both KCNQ1 (6.4%) and KCNH2 (6.4%) are lower in the Chinese population than those from North America or Europe.展开更多
Sorafenib is a novel antitumor drug, which is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract due to its low solubility in water. To improve the bioavailability of sorafenib, a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system...Sorafenib is a novel antitumor drug, which is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract due to its low solubility in water. To improve the bioavailability of sorafenib, a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation of sorafenib was prepared and its relative bioavailability in rats was evaluated. The blank SMEDDS was prepared from a mixture of ethyl oleate (oil phase, 20%, w/w), Cremophol EL (surfactant, 48%, w/w), PEG-400 (co-surfactant, 16%, w/w) and ethanol (co-surfactant, 16%, w/w). Sorafenib was subsequently dissolved in the blank SMEDDS to obtain a somfenib SMEDDS formulation with a final sorafenib concentration at 20 mg/mL. The particle size of the emulsified sorafenib SMEDDS was about 20-25 nm. Compared with sorafenib suspension, the prepared SMEDDS formulation exhibited no effect on the Tmax, but significantly increased the AUC, Cmax and MRT and decreased the drug clearance. Most importantly, the oral bioavailability based on AUC0-72h increased about 25 times after formulating sorafenib in SMEDDS. We concluded that SMEDDS could be a promising vesicle for the oral delivery of the poorly soluble antitumor drug sorafenib.展开更多
文摘1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI), control of disease progress, and reduction of mortality. Clinical decision-making in modem medicine is increasingly dependent on cardiovascular imaging techniques. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/ PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease has been issued by American Heart Association (AHA). European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has issued 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.
文摘Objective: To understand the prevalence of RTIs/STIs, the incidence of sex violence and the KAP of the sex and reproductive health among unmarried floating young women.Methods: During Ocb.2002 to Feb.2003, in the maternal and child health hospital of Beijing, Shenzhen, Nanning and Zhengzhou, 1,219 unmarried floating young women who wanted termination of pregnancy and was under 24 years old before induced abortion received gynecological and laboratory examination. At the same time, they also answered a self-questionnaire. Results: The mean age of all respondents was (22.0±1.6) years old. The respondents' average age of having first sexual activity was (20.3±1.8) years old. The rate of induced abortion history was 38.7%. 17.5% of young women had never used contraception. The incidence of sex violence was 15.6%. The prevalence of RTIs and STIs was 56.1% and 9.7%, respectively. Young women were lack of the knowledge about reproductive health care. Conclusions: The reproductive health situation of unmarried floating young women was serious, especially on sex violence and RTIs/STIs and higher rate of induced abortion.
文摘Atrial fibrillation is of public health importance and profoundly increases morbidity, mortality and health-related expenditures. Morbidities include the increased risks of cardiovascular outcomes such as heart failure and stroke, and the deleterious effects on quality of life, functional status and cognition. Our purpose is to understand the molecular mechanism of atrial fibrillation, a model under pathological conditions should be established. Acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter in the vagus nerve, has been established with numerous atrial fibrillation models. We will discuss the established model of atrial fibrillation which induced by acetylcholine, aiming to seek a model which are more close to the clinical condition. The underlying mechanisms will be discussed in order to observe the mechanism of antiarrhythmic drugs.
文摘In order to analyze the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) including the 5.8 S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of common dermatophytes, so as to obtain a rapid and accurate method to identify the species of dermatophytes and to establish the phylogenetic tree of these species to understand their relationship, 16 strains of dermatophytes were collected and preliminarily identified by morphological characteristics. General primers for fungi ITS1 and ITS4 were used to amplify the ITS rDNA of each strains with PCR. The PCR products after purification were sequenced directly and were analyzed through internet. In the results, 11 strains were identified by means of morphological features, among which 5 strains were Trichophyton, 5 strains were Microsporum and 1 was Epidermophytoa, which was consistent with the results by molecular biology. In the 5 unidentifiable strains, 1 strain was proved to be Chrysosporium by molecular biology. These strains studied could be divided into 3 different classes as indicated in the analysis of the phylogenetic tree of the sequences in ITS, which were quite different from those of morphological classification. It is evident from the above observations that the molecular method of analysis on the ITS sequences is a rapid, highly sensitive and accurate approach for the detection of dematophyte species, however, it still exhibits some limitations needing the supplementation with morphological identification.
文摘Objective To examine the effects of exogenously administered intermedin (IMD,adrenomedullin-2) on arterial blood pressure,cardiac function and the cardiovascular IMD receptor system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as well as to investigate the associated mechanisms.Methods Thirteen week-old male rats were divided in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) group (n =12),SHR group (n =12),IMD group (SHRs infused with IMD 1-47 500 ng/kg per hour,n =12),and ADM group (SHRs infused with adrenomedullin 500 ng/kg per hour,n =12).Results A two-week continuous administration of low dose IMD 1-47 via mini-osmotic pumps markedly reduced blood pressure,the maximal rates of increase and decrease of left-ventricle pressure development (LV ± dp/dtmax),left ventricular systolic pressure and heart rate in SHRs.Furthermore,IMD also inhibited protein over-expression of cardiovascular IMD receptors,myocardial Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins (RAMP1 and RAMP2),aortic RAMP1,RAMP2,RAMP3,and calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR);suppressed up-regulation of aortic RAMP1,RAMP2,RAMP3 and CRLR gene expression; and markedly elevated the mRNA abundance of myocardial atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and myocardial brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).Additionally,IMD 1-47 administration in SHRs increased aortic cAMP concentration and reduced myocardial cAMP concentration.Conclusion These findings support the speculation that IMD,as a cardiovascular active peptide,is involved in blood pressure reduction and cardiac function amelioration during hypertension.The mechanism underlying this effect may involve IMD binding of a receptor complex formed by RAMPs and CRLR,and consequential regulation of cAMP levels and other cardiovascular active factors,such as ANP and BNP.
基金Emergency Key Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(EKPG21-30-4)。
文摘In this study,we aimed to explore the safety and vaccination coverage data of Chinese patients with breast cancer receiving coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination.The patients were recruited from 41 hospitals across 20 Chinese provinces.The vaccination coverage was approximately 22.4%,and the frequency of total adverse events was 13.3%after the first dose and 9.9%after the second dose.The most frequent adverse reaction within 14 days of the first dose was local pain(5.7%).Unvaccinated patients were very likely to reject the vaccine rather than be hesitant in patients with old age(odds ratio[OR],1.238;95%confidence interval[CI],1.101-1.391),chronic disease history(OR,1.189;95%CI,1.057-1.337),and cancer relapse(OR,1.398;95%CI,1.233-1.585).Of the unvaccinated patients with breast cancer,54.1%opted to receive COVID-19 vaccines if more data were available.Considering the safety but low vaccination coverage for breast cancer,increased positive attitudes and acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccines are important.
文摘Background:To study lesions' location and prognosis of cubital tunnel syndrome (CubTS) by routine motor nerve conduction studies (MNCSs) and short-segment nerve conduction studies (SSNCSs,inching test).Methods:Thirty healthy subjects were included and 60 ulnar nerves were studied by inching studies for normal values.Sixty-six patients who diagnosed CubTS clinically were performed bilaterally by routine MNCSs and SSNCSs.Follow-up for 1-year,the information of brief complaints,clinical symptoms,and physical examination were collected.Results:Sixty-six patients were included,88 of nerves was abnormal by MNCS,while 105 was abnormal by the inching studies.Medial epicondyle to 2 cm above medial epicondyle is the most common segment to be detected abnormally (59.09%),P < 0.01.Twenty-two patients were followed-up,17 patients' symptoms were improved.Most of the patients were treated with drugs and modification of bad habits.Conclusions:(1) SSNCSs can detect lesions of compressive neuropathy in CubTS more precisely than the routine motor conduction studies.(2) SSNCSs can diagnose CubTS more sensitively than routine motor conduction studies.(3) In this study,we found that medial epicondyle to 2 cm above the medial epicondyle is the most vulnerable place that the ulnar nerve compressed.(4) The patients had a better prognosis who were abnormal in motor nerve conduction time only,but not amplitude in compressed lesions than those who were abnormal both in velocity and amplitude.Our study suggests that SSNCSs is a practical method in detecting ulnar nerve compressed neuropathy,and sensitive in diagnosing CubTS.The compound muscle action potentials by SSNCSs may predict prognosis of CubTS.
文摘AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of liver microcirculation in vivo after arterial embolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM). METHODS: DSM were injected into the proper hepatic artery through a silastic tube inserted retrogradely in gastroduodenal artery (GDA) of SD rats. Fluorescent microscopy was used to evaluate the dynamic changes of blood flow through the terminal portal venules (TPVs), sinusoids and terminal hepatic venules (THVs). The movements of DSM debris were also recorded. Six hours after injection of DSM, percentages of THVs with completely stagnant blood flow were recorded. RESULTS: Two phases of blood flow change were recorded. In phase one: after intra-arterial injection of DSM, slow or stagnant blood flow was immediately recorded in TPVs, sinusoids and THVs. This change was reversible, and blood flow resumed completely. In phase two: after phase one, blood flow in TPVs changed again and three patterns of blood flow were recorded. Six hours after DSM injection, 36.9% ± 9.2% of THVs were found with completely stagnant blood flow. CONCLUSION: DSM can stop the microcirculatory blood flow in some areas of liver parenchyma. Liver parenchyma supplied by arteries with larger A-P shunt is considered at a higher risk of total microcirculatory blood stagnation after injection of DSM through hepatic artery.
文摘Objective:Endometrial hyperplasia is considered as a precursor of endometrial carcinoma,in which oncogenic potential is low in hyperplasia without atypia,but high in atypical hyperplasia.The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for atypical endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women.Methods:Fifty four infertile women with endometrial hyperplasia,which were selected from a large cohort of 2 098 women who desired for the future childbearing in our center,were diagnosed by hysteroscopy with directed biopsies or dilation and curettage (D&C),including 44 with hyperplasia without atypia,10 with atypical hyperplasia.Clinical characteristics were recorded in terms of age,body mass index (BMI),parity,insulin resistance,polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Statistical comparison was made between women with hyperplasia without atypia and atypical hyperplasia.Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the contribution of PCOS,obesity and insulin resistance to atypical hyperplasia.Results:The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women was 2.57% (54/2098),which included 10 women (0.48%) were diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia.PCOS in women with atypical hyperplasia (70%,7/10) was significantly higher than those of hyperplasia without atypia (27.27%,12/44).Stepwise regression analysis showed that PCOS contributed maximally to atypical endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women.Conclusion:PCOS is an independent risk factor for atypical endometrial hyperplasia in women with infertility.The infertile women with PCOS are at an increased risk for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.
文摘Objective: To investigate the value of the plasma transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level in diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The ELISA kits for human TGF-β1 were used to measure the TGF-β1 level in plasmas. A cohort of 295 consecutive PCa patients in recent more than two years in the First Hospital of Peking University of China was enrolled to the study. Furthermore, 55 control subjects were healthy and without evidence of PCa, who were random people that came to the hospital and were identified by prostate biopsy. Results: An age-related frequency chart indicated that 99% confidence interval of the difference with PCa was at the age of 53-85 years. The PCa patients aged 53-85 were classified into three groups according to TNM staging. Group A had Stages TO, T1 and T2. Group B had Stage T3 and Group C had Stage T4. Compared with control group, Group A had the lower level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.05), Group B had the higher level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.05) and Group C had the even higher level of plasma TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.01). According to TNM staging, Group D had Stages TO, T1 and T2 with the normal level of total PSA (tPSA). Group E with the normal level of tPSA had metastasis after resection. Compared with control group, Group D had the lower plasma level of TGF-β1 (P 〈0.05) and Group E had higher plasma level of TGF-β1 (P 〈 0.01). Conclusion: The plasma TGF-β1 level decreases at early stage of PCa and increases at later stage of PCa, especially at tumor metastasis after the resection. The plasma TGF-β1 level may therefore be complementary to PSA for PCa prognosis.
文摘What is already known about this topic?After menopause,women are prone to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes and osteoporosis and gynecological diseases such as pelvic floor dysfunction and reproductive tract infection.What is added by this report?The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis increased with age,while the prevalence of vaginitis and cervicitis decreased with the increase of age.The proportions of women aged 50–70 years old suffering from chronic and gynecological diseases in western and rural areas were significantly higher than those in eastern,central and urban areas.What are the implications for public health practice?It is necessary to take targeted intervention measures in the western region and rural areas,in order to narrow the gap in health of menopausal and older women between different areas of China.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Improving their utilization of health examination is important for improving the health of menopausal and older women.What is added by this report?Only 32.3%and 29.7%of women had been screened for cervical cancer and breast cancer,respectively.The overall utilization rate of health examination for menopausal and older women is low.The health examination services for menopausal and older women were utilized less in the western regions and in rural areas than in the eastern and central regions and in urban areas.What are the implications for public health practice?The imbalance of development is an important factor affecting the utilization of health examination for menopausal and older women.It is necessary to take effective measures to improve the level of service utilization in the western region and rural areas,in order to narrow the gap in health between different regions.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund of State Administrationof Traditional Chinese Medicine of the P.R.China(No.04-05JQ07)
文摘To investigate the relationship between the severity of Chinese medicine(CM) bloodstasis syndrome(BSS) with clinical features and renal lesion indexes of the primary glomerular disease. Methods:An epidemiological survey was conducted to collect the data of 227 patients diagnosed as chronic primary glomerular diseases,and their severity of BSS were scored three days before renal biopsies were performed.The following clinical indexes were analyzed:age,course of glomerular diseases,24-h urine protein ration(Up...
文摘Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common clinical problem.Many researchers have demonstrated that LBP disorders have difference in sensory strategies for postural control.Optokinetic stimulation (OKS) of optic flow has been widely applied to study its effect on vision,but has not been applied to LBP.Here we used OKS on different surfaces to investigate the characteristics of chronic nonspecific LBP (CNLBP) posture control,so as to provide new theoretical and experimental data for further recognizing CNLBP and enriching its treatment.Methods Fifteen individuals with CNLBP (age range 25-40 years) and 15 age and gender-matched control subjects were recruited.Each subject,while standing on a stable or soft surface,was exposed to random-dot patterns projected on a large screen,with the dots displaying expansion (+) and contraction (-) and velocities including 80°,40°,and 20° per second.The visual stimulus used a "stimuli-interval" pattern.The peak velocity,different phases' standard deviation (SD) of the anterior-posterior centre of pressure (COP) displacements and the total length of the medial-lateral COP sway (LML) for stable surface and soft surface were recorded by force platform.Results The main effect of surface on all parameters was significant,while the main effect of group and OKS showed no significance with the exception of peak velocity (F(3,95)=3.6,P=0.01) and A2 (F(5,140)=9.34,P <0.01) for which the effect of OKS was significant.The interactions of group by OKS of A2 (F(5,140)=3.65,P <0.01) and group by surface by OKS (F(5,140)=2.83,P=-0.02),and surface by OKS of A1 and A3 (P <0.05) were significant.It was reported that significantly more SD in amplitude in the T2 phase was seen in persons with CNLBP when confronting the + 40 stimuli on the soft surface (P <0.05) compared to healthy individuals.Conclusions There was no significance between persons with CNLBP and healthy people when using the stable surface.Subjects with LBP showed decreased efficiency of postural adjustment when exposed to more complicated tasks and environments,especially OKS in the expansion direction,and displayed a visual-dependent phenomenon.This result suggested that the treatment of abnormal motor patterns in people with LBP should take the properties of task and environment into account.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30170381) the American Heart Association Ohio-Affiliate (No. AHA 0051205B).
文摘Objective To determine mutations of two common potassium channel subunit genes KCNQ1, KCNH2 causing long QT syndrome (LQTS) in the Chinese.Methods Thirty-one Chinese LQTS pedigrees were characterized for mutations in the two LQTS genes, KCNQ1 and KCNH2, by sequencing.Results Two novel KCNQ1 mutations, S277L in the S5 domain and G306V in the channel pore, and two novel KCNH2 mutations, L413P in the transmembrane domain S1 and L559H in the transmembrane domain S5 were identified. The triggering factors for cardiac events developed in these mutation carriers included physical exercise and excitation. Mutation L413P in KCNH2 was associated with the notched T wave on ECGs. Mutation L559H in KCNH2 was associated with the typical bifid T wave on ECGs. Mutation S277L in KCNQ1 was associated with a high-amplitude T wave and G306V was associated with a low-amplitude T wave. Two likely polymorphisms, IVS11 +18C >T in KCNQ1 and L520V in KCNH2 were also identified in two LQTS patients.Conclusions The mutation rates for both KCNQ1 (6.4%) and KCNH2 (6.4%) are lower in the Chinese population than those from North America or Europe.
基金Foundation items: The 973 Project (Grant No. 2009CB930300), Scientific and Technological Major Special Project - "Significant Creation of New Drugs" (Grant No. 2009ZX09310-001).
文摘Sorafenib is a novel antitumor drug, which is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract due to its low solubility in water. To improve the bioavailability of sorafenib, a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation of sorafenib was prepared and its relative bioavailability in rats was evaluated. The blank SMEDDS was prepared from a mixture of ethyl oleate (oil phase, 20%, w/w), Cremophol EL (surfactant, 48%, w/w), PEG-400 (co-surfactant, 16%, w/w) and ethanol (co-surfactant, 16%, w/w). Sorafenib was subsequently dissolved in the blank SMEDDS to obtain a somfenib SMEDDS formulation with a final sorafenib concentration at 20 mg/mL. The particle size of the emulsified sorafenib SMEDDS was about 20-25 nm. Compared with sorafenib suspension, the prepared SMEDDS formulation exhibited no effect on the Tmax, but significantly increased the AUC, Cmax and MRT and decreased the drug clearance. Most importantly, the oral bioavailability based on AUC0-72h increased about 25 times after formulating sorafenib in SMEDDS. We concluded that SMEDDS could be a promising vesicle for the oral delivery of the poorly soluble antitumor drug sorafenib.