Recent advances to address challenges in extracellular vesicle-based applications for lung cancer

Lung cancer,highly prevalent and the leading cause of cancer-related death globally,persists as a significant challenge due to the lack of definitive tumor markers for early diagnosis and personalized therapeutic interventions.Recently,extracellular vesicles(EVs),functioning as natural carriers for intercellular communication,have received increasing attention due to their ability to traverse biological barriers and deliver diverse biological cargoes,including cytosolic proteins,cell surface proteins,microRNA,lncRNA,circRNA,DNA,and lipids.EVs are increasingly recognized as a valuable resource for non-invasive liquid biopsy,as well as drug delivery platforms,and anticancer vaccines for precision medicine in lung cancer.Herein,given the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of tumor-associated EVs for lung cancer,we discuss this topic from a translational standpoint.We delve into the specific roles that EVs play in lung cancer carcinogenesis and offer a particular perspective on how advanced engineering technologies can overcome the current challenges and expedite and/or enhance the translation of EVs from laboratory research to clinical settings.

Disease-derived circulating extracellular vesicle preconditioning:A promising strategy for precision mesenchymal stem cell therapy

Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-based therapies have emerged as promising methods for regenerative medicine;however,how to precisely enhance their tissue repair effects is still a major question in the field.Circulating extracellular vesicles(EVs)from diseased states carry diverse pathological information and affect the functions of recipient cells.Based on this unique property,we report that disease-derived circulating EV(disease-EV)preconditioning is a potent strategy for precisely enhancing the tissue repair potency of MSCs in diverse disease models.Briefly,plasma EVs from lung or kidney tissue injuries were shown to contain distinctly enriched molecules and were shown to induce tissue injury-specific gene expression responses in cultured MSCs.Disease-EV preconditioning improved the performance(including proliferation,migration,and growth factor production)of MSCs through metabolic reprogramming(such as via enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism)without inducing an adverse immune response.Consequently,compared with normal MSCs,disease-EV-preconditioned MSCs exhibited superior tissue repair effects(including anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects)in diverse types of tissue injury(such as acute lung or kidney injury).Disease-derived EVs may serve as a type of“off-the-shelf”product due to multiple advantages,such as flexibility,stability,long-term storage,and ease of shipment and use.This study highlights the idea that disease-EV preconditioning is a robust strategy for precisely enhancing the regenerative capacity of MSC-based therapies.

Asymptomatic fluid volume imbalance and peridialysis blood pressure independently predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Chronic fluid overload(FO)is a well-known factor which contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing hemodialysis(HD).[1]Higher blood pressure(BP)is commonly associated with overload volume.[1–4]Thus,the measurement time point(eg,pre-dialysis and post-dialysis)and volume status may affect the prognostic value of BP in HD patients.This study aimed to examine the correlation between fluid volume and BP,as well as their prognostic effects in HD patients who were free of coronary artery disease(CAD).