BACKGROUND Esophageal gastric anastomosis is a common surgical technique used to treat patients with gastric cancer who undergo total gastrectomy.However,using simple anastomosis techniques alone may not meet the need...BACKGROUND Esophageal gastric anastomosis is a common surgical technique used to treat patients with gastric cancer who undergo total gastrectomy.However,using simple anastomosis techniques alone may not meet the needs of patients in some cases and can lead to complications such as anastomotic stenosis and ulceration.In order to overcome these issues and improve patient prognosis,muscle flap reconstruction technique has emerged.Muscle flap reconstruction is a method of improving gastric-esophageal anastomosis by transplanting muscle tissue.By covering the anastomotic site with muscle tissue,it not only enhances the stability of the anastomosis site but also increases blood supply,promoting healing and recovery of the anastomosis.Therefore,the use of muscle flap reconstruction technique in esophageal gastric anastomosis during total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is increasingly widely applied.AIM To determine the effectiveness of esophagogastric anastomosis using the muscle flap reconstruction technology in total abdominal gastrectomy for gastric cancer and perform follow-up experiments to understand the factors affecting patients’prognosis.METHODS The study subjects were 60 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to our hospital between October 2018 and January 2022.All patients underwent esopha-gogastric anastomosis using the double muscle flap reconstruction technology in total abdominal gastrectomy.Perioperative indicators were determined,and INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors of the digestive system worldwide.Although gastric cancer may not have significant manifestations in the early stage,as the disease progresses,systemic symptoms such as emaciation,anemia,and gastric perforation are observed[1].Surgery is the main treatment strategy for gastric cancer.With recent advances in total laparoscopy,total laparoscopic radical resection has gradually become an important treatment strategy for gastric cancer.Conventional laparoscopic surgery may require at least 5-6 incisions,whereas total laparoscopic surgery requires only 3-4 small incisions,decreasing surgical trauma and postoperative pain[2].Furthermore,because total laparoscopic surgery is less invasive than conventional laparoscopic surgery,patients can generally return to normal living and working conditions more quickly[3].Moreover,total laparoscopic surgery does not leave obvious surgical scars;therefore,it is advantageous for patients who pay attention to appearance[4].Esophagogastrostomy is a method used to repair gastrointestinal anastomosis,called the“double muscle valve”.This technique requires folding the fundus of the stomach,followed by sealing it with two layers of tissue,forming a structure similar to a valve.The application of esophagogastrostomy to total laparoscopic radical resection for gastric cancer can effectively decrease the incidence of complications such as anastomotic incontinence and bile reflux and improve the surgical cure rate and postoperative quality of life,which is a recent topic of interest for surgeons.At present,systematic multivariate analyses of the application effects of esophagogastrostomy in total laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer and their effects on prognosis remain scarce[5].In the present study,we conducted surgery and postoperative follow-up of patients with gastric cancer and collected relevant clinical data for esophagogastric anastomosis during postoperative resection for gastric cancer to ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere thanks to all those who participated in the manuscript.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is often associated with increased lipid deposition in hepatocytes.However,when combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or hyperlipidemia,it tends to have a l...BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is often associated with increased lipid deposition in hepatocytes.However,when combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or hyperlipidemia,it tends to have a lower HBV deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)load.The relationship between lipid metabolism and HBV DNA replication and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood.AIM To investigate the relationship between lipid metabolism and HBV DNA replication and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS 1603 HBsAg-seropositive patients were included in the study.We first explored the relationship between patients'lipid levels,hepatic steatosis,and HBV DNA load.Also,we constructed an HBV infection combined with a hepatic steatosis cell model in vitro by fatty acid stimulation of HepG2.2.15 cells to validate the effect of lipid metabolism on HBV DNA replication in vitro.By knocking down and overexpressing Plin2,we observed whether Plin2 regulates autophagy and HBV replication.By inhibiting both Plin2 and cellular autophagy under high lipid stimulation,we examined whether the Plin2-autophagy pathway regulates HBV replication.RESULTS The results revealed that serum triglyceride levels,high-density lipoprotein levels,and hepatic steatosis ratio were significantly lower in the HBV-DNA high load group.Logistic regression analysis indicated that hepatic steatosis and serum triglyceride levels were negatively correlated with HBV-DNA load.Stratified analysis by HBeAg showed significant negative correlations between HBV-DNA load and hepatic steatosis ratio in both HBeAgpositive and HBeAg-negative groups.An in vitro cell model was developed by stimulating HepG2.2.15 cells with palmitic acid and oleic acid to study the relationship between HBV-DNA load and lipid metabolism.The results of the in vitro experiments suggested that fatty acid treatment increased lipid droplet deposition and decreased the expression of cell supernatant HBsAg,HBeAg,and HBV DNA load.Western blot and polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that fatty acid stimulation significantly induced Plin2 protein expression and inhibited the expression of hepatocyte autophagy proteins.Inhibition of Plin2 protein expression under fatty acid stimulation reversed the reduction in HBsAg and HBeAg expression and HBV DNA load induced by fatty acid stimulation and the inhibition of cellular autophagy.Knocking down Plin2 and blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine(3-MA)inhibited HBV DNA replication.CONCLUSION In conclusion,lipid metabolism is a significant factor affecting HBV load in patients with HBV infection.The in vitro experiments established that fatty acid stimulation inhibits HBV replication via the Plin2-autophagy pathway.展开更多
Objective:To test the effects of salidroside on formation and growth of glioma together with tumor microenvironment.Methods:Salidroside extracted from Rhodiola rosea was purified and treated on human glioma cells U2...Objective:To test the effects of salidroside on formation and growth of glioma together with tumor microenvironment.Methods:Salidroside extracted from Rhodiola rosea was purified and treated on human glioma cells U251 at the concentration of 20 μg/mL.3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity and flow cytometry (FCM) for cell cycle analysis were performed.Then for in vivo study,xenotransplantation tumor model in nude mice was generated and treated with salidroside at the concentration of 50 mg/kg.d for totally 20 d.Body weight and tumor size were detected every 2 d after the treatment.The levels of 8-isoprostane,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA),special markers for oxidative stress,were detected while immunofluoresence staining was performed for astrocyte detection.Results:For in vitro study,salidroside could decrease the viability of human glioma cells U251 and the growth of U251 cells at G0/G1 checkpoint during the cell cycle.For in vivo study,salidroside could also inhibit the growth of human glioma tissue in nude mice.The body weight of these nude mice treated with salidroside did not decrease as quickly as control group.In the tumor xenotransplantation nude mice model,mice were found of inhibition of oxidative stress by detection of biomarkers.Furthermore,overgrowth of astrocytes due to the stimulation of oxidative stress in the cortex of brain was inhibited after the treatment of salidroside.Conclusions:Salidroside could inhibit the formation and growth of glioma both in vivo and in vitro and improve the tumor microenvironment via inhibition of oxidative stress and astrocytes.展开更多
A three-dimensional numerical model of the membranous labyrinth of the semicircular canal of the inner ear was established to investigate the effects of canalithiasis of BPPV on the balance function of the inner ear.T...A three-dimensional numerical model of the membranous labyrinth of the semicircular canal of the inner ear was established to investigate the effects of canalithiasis of BPPV on the balance function of the inner ear.The movement of otolith particles in the membranous labyrinth was simulated when a person turns his head to a specific position.The effects of otolith movements on the balance function of the inner ear were simulated for different numbers,diameters,and initial positions of otoliths.The simulation results show that the otolith diameter affects the movement duration of otoliths in the membranous labyrinth.The number and diameter of otoliths,the diameter of the membranous labyrinth,and the initial position of the otoliths can cause changes in the pressure difference on both sides of the cupula of the crista ampullaris(cupula).The latent period and onset period are related to the diameter of otolith particles and the position of the head.There is also a correlation between the severity of the disease and the diameter and number of otolith particles.展开更多
In the present study, we reconstructed upper airway and soft palate models of 3 obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients with nasal obstruction. The airflow distribution and movement of the soft pal...In the present study, we reconstructed upper airway and soft palate models of 3 obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients with nasal obstruction. The airflow distribution and movement of the soft palate before and after surgery were described by a numerical simulation method. The curative effect of nasal surgery was evaluated for the three patients with OSAHS. The degree of nasal obstruction in the 3 patients was improved after surgery. For 2 patients with mild OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement were reduced after surgery. These changes contributed to the mitigation of respiratory airflow limitation. For the patient with severe OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement increased after surgery, which aggravated the airway obstruction. The effcacy of nasal surgery for patients with OSAHS is determined by the degree of improvement in nasal obstruction and whether the effects on the pharynx are beneficial. Numerical simulation results are consistent with the polysomnogram(PSG) test results, chief complaints, and clinical findings, and can indirectly reflect the degree of nasal patency and improvement of snoring symptoms, and further,provide a theoretical basis to solve relevant clinical problems.展开更多
Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone,which is a frequent site of breast cancer metastasis.Here,we focused on Wnt signaling and evaluated tumor-osteocyte interactions.In animal experiments,mammary tumor cells...Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone,which is a frequent site of breast cancer metastasis.Here,we focused on Wnt signaling and evaluated tumor-osteocyte interactions.In animal experiments,mammary tumor cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad and tibia.The role of Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling was examined by overexpressing and silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes and establishing a conditional knockout mouse model.The results revealed that administration of osteocytes or their conditioned medium(CM)inhibited tumor progression and osteolysis.Osteocytes overexpressing Lrp5 or β-catenin displayed strikingly elevated tumor-suppressive activity,accompanied by downregulation of tumor-promoting chemokines and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing and tumor-suppressing proteins such as p53.The antitumor effect was also observed with osteocyte-derived CM that was pretreated with a Wnt-activating compound.Notably,silencing Lrp5 in tumors inhibited tumor progression,while silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes in conditional knockout mice promoted tumor progression.Osteocytes exhibited elevated Lrp5 expression in response to tumor cells,implying that osteocytes protect bone through canonical Wnt signaling.Thus,our results suggest that the Lrp5/β-catenin axis activates tumor-promoting signaling in tumor cells but tumor-suppressive signaling in osteocytes.We envision that osteocytes with Wnt activation potentially offer a novel cell-based therapy for breast cancer and osteolytic bone metastasis.展开更多
The aim of this study is to explore a way that quantify the qualitative equation of bone growth and remodeling which was based on the animal Experiment of rapid-growing Rats in Different Stress Environment. These resu...The aim of this study is to explore a way that quantify the qualitative equation of bone growth and remodeling which was based on the animal Experiment of rapid-growing Rats in Different Stress Environment. These results were proved to be of good stability and identification precision with the numerical method of inversion. It suggested that the growing coefficient and the threshold in function were variables changing with time and space. The idea and method used in the research of bone growth and remodeling adaptation in this paper also provided clue and reference to establish other models for living system.展开更多
Exhaled ammonia(NH_(3))is an essential noninvasive biomarker for disease diagnosis.In this study,an acetone-modifier positive photoionization ion mobility spectrometry(AM-PIMS)method was developed for accurate qualita...Exhaled ammonia(NH_(3))is an essential noninvasive biomarker for disease diagnosis.In this study,an acetone-modifier positive photoionization ion mobility spectrometry(AM-PIMS)method was developed for accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of exhaled NH_(3)with high selectivity and sensitivity.Acetone was introduced into the drift tube along with the drift gas as a modifier,and the characteristic NH_(3)product ion peak of(C_(3)H_(6)O)_(4)NH_(4)^(+)(K_(0)=1.45 cm^(2)/V·s)was obtained through the ion-molecule reaction with acetone reactant ions(C_(3)H_(6)O)_(2)H^(+)(K_(0)=1.87 cm^(2)/V·s),which significantly increased the peak-to-peak resolution and improved the accuracy of exhaled NH_(3)qualitative identification.Moreover,the interference of high humidity and the memory effect of NH_(3)molecules were significantly reduced via online dilution and purging sampling,thus realizing breath-by-breath measurement.As a result,a wide quantitative range of 5.87-140.92μmol/L with a response time of 40 ms was achieved,and the exhaled NH_(3)profile could be synchronized with the concentration curve of exhaled CO_(2).Finally,the analytical capacity of AM-PIMS was demonstrated by measuring the exhaled NH_(3)of healthy subjects,demonstrating its great potential for clinical disease diagnosis.展开更多
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized ...Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized by collagen crosslinking catalyzed by lysyl oxidase(LOX).Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate cell-cell communication.However,the interactions between sEVs and the ECM remain unclear.Here,we demonstrated that sEVs released from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)-derived CAFs induce collagen crosslinking,thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).CAF sEVs preferably bound to the ECM rather than being taken up by fibroblasts and induced collagen crosslinking,and a LOX inhibitor or blocking antibody suppressed this effect.Active LOX(αLOX),but not the LOX precursor,was enriched in CAF sEVs and interacted with periostin,fibronectin,and bone morphogenetic protein-1 on the surface of sEVs.CAF sEV-associated integrinα2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I,and blocking integrinα2β1 inhibited collagen crosslinking by interfering with CAF sEV binding to collagen I.CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the EMT of OSCC through FAK/paxillin/YAP pathway.Taken together,these findings reveal a novel role of CAF sEVs in tumor ECM remodeling,suggesting a critical mechanism for CAF-induced EMT of cancer cells.展开更多
Soft tissue masses deep in the extremities pose significant challenges due to their potential involvement with adjacent major vessels,impacting treatment decisions and prognostication.While MRI is valuable in diagnosi...Soft tissue masses deep in the extremities pose significant challenges due to their potential involvement with adjacent major vessels,impacting treatment decisions and prognostication.While MRI is valuable in diagnosing these masses,specific signs for differential diagnosis are lacking.This study focuses on the utilization of mDixon magnetic resonance angiography(mDixon-MRA)combined with compressed sensing(CS)to assess the involvement of adjacent major blood vessels by soft tissue masses deep in the extremities.The methodology involves preoperative imaging evaluation,including conventional MRI and mdixon-MRA,intraoperative observation,and statistical analysis.The study suggests that combining mDixon-MRA with conventional MRI findings improves diagnostic efficacy.Combining mDixon-MRA with conventional MRI enhances diagnostic accuracy,offering clinicians a reliable method for assessing vascular involvement in soft tissue masses,thereby improving patient outcomes.展开更多
Ferumoxytol, an iron replacement product, is a new type of superparamagnetic iron oxide ap- proved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we assessed the feasibility of tracking transplanted human adipose-der...Ferumoxytol, an iron replacement product, is a new type of superparamagnetic iron oxide ap- proved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we assessed the feasibility of tracking transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in middle cerebral artery occlusion-injured rats by 3.0 T MRI in vivo. 1 × 104 human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine were transplanted into the brains of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurologic impairment was scored at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation. T2-weighted imaging and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography were used to observe transplanted cells. Results of imaging tests were compared with results of Prussian blue staining. The modified neurologic impairment scores were significantly lower in rats transplanted with cells at all time points except I day post-transplantation compared with rats without transplantation. Regions with hypointense signals on T2-weighted and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography images corresponded with areas stained by Prussian blue, suggesting the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles within the engrafted cells. Enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image exhibited better sensitivity and contrast in tracing ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine-labeled human adipose-derived stem ceils compared with T2-weighted imaging in routine MRI.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of Barrett’s esophagus(BE)in China and compare with cases in the west.METHODS:Studies were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed...AIM:To investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of Barrett’s esophagus(BE)in China and compare with cases in the west.METHODS:Studies were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed databases using the terms"Barrett"and"Barrett AND China",respectively,as well as published studies about BE in China from 2000 to 2011.The researchers reviewed the titles and abstracts of all search results to determine whether or not the literature was relevant to the current topic of this research.The references listed in the studies were also searched.Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the literature were appropriately established,and the data reported in the selected studies were analyzed.Finally,a meta-analysis was performed.RESULTS:The current research included 3873 cases of BE from 69 studies.The endoscopic detection rate of BE in China was 1%.The ratio of male to female cases was 1.781 to 1,and the average age of BE patients was 49.07±5.09 years.Island-type and shortsegment BE were the most common endoscopic manifestations,accounting for 4.48%and 80.3%,respectively,of all cases studied.Cardiac-type BE was observed in 40.0%of the cases,representing the most common histological characteristic of the condition.Cancer incidence was 1.418 per 1000 person-years.CONCLUSION:Average age of BE patients in China is lower than in Western countries.Endoscopic detection and cancer incidence were also lower in China.展开更多
To study the airflow distribution in human nasal cavity during respiration and the characteristic parameters of nasal structure, three-dimensional, anatomically accurate representations of 30 adult nasal cavity models...To study the airflow distribution in human nasal cavity during respiration and the characteristic parameters of nasal structure, three-dimensional, anatomically accurate representations of 30 adult nasal cavity models were recons- tructed based on processed tomography images collected from normal people. The airflow fields in nasal cavities were simulated by fluid dynamics with finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the difference of human nasal cavity structure led to different airflow distribution in the nasal cavities and variation of the main airstream passing through the common nasal meatus. The nasal resistance in the regions of nasal valve and nasal vestibule accounted for more than half of the overall resistance. The characteristic model of nasal cavity was extracted on the basis of characteristic points and dimensions deduced from the original models. It showed that either the geometric structure or the airflow field of the two kinds of models was similar. The characteristic dimensions were the characteristic parameters of nasal cavity that could properly represent the original model in model studies on nasal cavity.展开更多
The hybrid genetic algorithm is utilized to facilitate model parameter estimation.The tri-dimensional compression tests of soil are performed to supply experimental data for identifying nonlinear constitutive model of...The hybrid genetic algorithm is utilized to facilitate model parameter estimation.The tri-dimensional compression tests of soil are performed to supply experimental data for identifying nonlinear constitutive model of soil.In order to save computing time during parameter inversion,a new procedure to compute the calculated strains is presented by multi-linear simplification approach instead of finite element method(FEM).The real-coded hybrid genetic algorithm is developed by combining normal genetic algorithm with gradient-based optimization algorithm.The numerical and experimental results for conditioned soil are compared.The forecast strains based on identified nonlinear constitutive model of soil agree well with observed ones.The effectiveness and accuracy of proposed parameter estimation approach are validated.展开更多
Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscr...Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscriptional events.While disturbance of RBP-RNA network activity is potentially associated with cancer development,the precise mechanisms are not fully known.The SNRPG gene,encoding small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G,was recently found to be related to cancer incidence,but its exact function has yet to be elucidated.Methods:SNRPG knockdown was achieved via short hairpin RNAs.Gene expression profiling and Western blot analyses were used to identify potential glioma cell growth signaling pathways affected by SNRPG.Xenograft tumors were examined to determine the carcinogenic effects of SNRPG on glioma tissues.Results:The SNRPG-mediated inhibitory effect on glioma cells might be due to the targeted prevention of Myc and p53.In addition,the effects of SNRPG loss on p53 levels and cell cycle progression were found to be Myc-dependent.Furthermore,SNRPG was increased in TMZ-resistant GBM cells,and downregulation of SNRPG potentially sensitized resistant cells to TMZ,suggesting that SNRPG deficiency decreases the chemoresistance of GBM cells to TMZ via the p53 signaling pathway.Our data confirmed that SNRPG suppression sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ by targeting Myc via the p53 signaling cascade.Conclusions:These results indicated that SNRPG is a probable molecular target of GBM and suggested that suppressing SNRPG in resistant GBM cells might be a substantially beneficial method for overcoming essential drug resistance.展开更多
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is used to study the respiratory airflow dynamics within a human upper airway. The airway model which consists of the airway from nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and trach...A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is used to study the respiratory airflow dynamics within a human upper airway. The airway model which consists of the airway from nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and trachea to triple bifurcation is built based on the CT images of a healthy volunteer and the Weibel model. The flow character- istics of the whole upper airway are quantitatively described at any time level of respiratory cycle. Simulation results of respiratory flow show good agreement with the clinical mea- sures, experimental and computational results in the litera- ture. The air mainly passes through the floor of the nasal cavity in the common, middle and inferior nasal meatus. The higher airway resistance and wall shear stresses are distrib- uted on the posterior nasal valve. Although the airways of pharynx, larynx and bronchi experience low shear stresses, it is notable that relatively high shear stresses are distrib- uted on the wall of epiglottis and bronchial bifurcations. Besides, two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models of normal and abnormal airways are built to discuss the flow-induced deformation in various anatomy models. The result shows that the wall deformation in normal airway is relatively small.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the influence of bone morphogenetic protein type IA receptor [BMPR-IA(ALK3)] conditional knockout in lens on expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) in lens during the development of the v...AIM: To investigate the influence of bone morphogenetic protein type IA receptor [BMPR-IA(ALK3)] conditional knockout in lens on expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) in lens during the development of the vertebrate eye.METHODS: Cre-positive mice were mated with Crenegative mice to generate 50% Cre-positive(conditional knockout, CKO) 4 embryos, 8 eyes and 50% Cre-negative offspring(wild type, WT) 4 embryos, 8 eyes. The embryos were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned to a thickness of 4 μm.Removal of paraffin wax and dehydrating for sections,and then the procedure of in situ hybridization was processed, BMP4 MK1784-m(BOSTER) was used, and observed the expression of BMP4 in the lens in experimental group and control group. We selected SPSS11.0 software for statistical analysis, P【0.05 showed that the difference was statistically significant.· RESULTS: Four embryos of each genotype were examined, totally we had 8 embryos, 16 eyes. We got the uniform outcomes in all the embryos. We found ALK3 was required during lens growing, but was not essential for the formation of lens. We observed that the expression of BMP4 in the lens was significantly reduced in all 8 ALK3 CKO lens, BMP4 expression was normal in all the 8 WT lens, P 【0.01. This phenomenon became increasingly visible in accordance with embryo development. The most apparent alteration was present at stage E15.5.CONCLUSION: ALK3 is essential for lens growth. The influence of ALK3 on the expression of BMP4 is present during the development of mice lens.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal gastric anastomosis is a common surgical technique used to treat patients with gastric cancer who undergo total gastrectomy.However,using simple anastomosis techniques alone may not meet the needs of patients in some cases and can lead to complications such as anastomotic stenosis and ulceration.In order to overcome these issues and improve patient prognosis,muscle flap reconstruction technique has emerged.Muscle flap reconstruction is a method of improving gastric-esophageal anastomosis by transplanting muscle tissue.By covering the anastomotic site with muscle tissue,it not only enhances the stability of the anastomosis site but also increases blood supply,promoting healing and recovery of the anastomosis.Therefore,the use of muscle flap reconstruction technique in esophageal gastric anastomosis during total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is increasingly widely applied.AIM To determine the effectiveness of esophagogastric anastomosis using the muscle flap reconstruction technology in total abdominal gastrectomy for gastric cancer and perform follow-up experiments to understand the factors affecting patients’prognosis.METHODS The study subjects were 60 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to our hospital between October 2018 and January 2022.All patients underwent esopha-gogastric anastomosis using the double muscle flap reconstruction technology in total abdominal gastrectomy.Perioperative indicators were determined,and INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors of the digestive system worldwide.Although gastric cancer may not have significant manifestations in the early stage,as the disease progresses,systemic symptoms such as emaciation,anemia,and gastric perforation are observed[1].Surgery is the main treatment strategy for gastric cancer.With recent advances in total laparoscopy,total laparoscopic radical resection has gradually become an important treatment strategy for gastric cancer.Conventional laparoscopic surgery may require at least 5-6 incisions,whereas total laparoscopic surgery requires only 3-4 small incisions,decreasing surgical trauma and postoperative pain[2].Furthermore,because total laparoscopic surgery is less invasive than conventional laparoscopic surgery,patients can generally return to normal living and working conditions more quickly[3].Moreover,total laparoscopic surgery does not leave obvious surgical scars;therefore,it is advantageous for patients who pay attention to appearance[4].Esophagogastrostomy is a method used to repair gastrointestinal anastomosis,called the“double muscle valve”.This technique requires folding the fundus of the stomach,followed by sealing it with two layers of tissue,forming a structure similar to a valve.The application of esophagogastrostomy to total laparoscopic radical resection for gastric cancer can effectively decrease the incidence of complications such as anastomotic incontinence and bile reflux and improve the surgical cure rate and postoperative quality of life,which is a recent topic of interest for surgeons.At present,systematic multivariate analyses of the application effects of esophagogastrostomy in total laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer and their effects on prognosis remain scarce[5].In the present study,we conducted surgery and postoperative follow-up of patients with gastric cancer and collected relevant clinical data for esophagogastric anastomosis during postoperative resection for gastric cancer to ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere thanks to all those who participated in the manuscript.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is often associated with increased lipid deposition in hepatocytes.However,when combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or hyperlipidemia,it tends to have a lower HBV deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)load.The relationship between lipid metabolism and HBV DNA replication and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood.AIM To investigate the relationship between lipid metabolism and HBV DNA replication and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS 1603 HBsAg-seropositive patients were included in the study.We first explored the relationship between patients'lipid levels,hepatic steatosis,and HBV DNA load.Also,we constructed an HBV infection combined with a hepatic steatosis cell model in vitro by fatty acid stimulation of HepG2.2.15 cells to validate the effect of lipid metabolism on HBV DNA replication in vitro.By knocking down and overexpressing Plin2,we observed whether Plin2 regulates autophagy and HBV replication.By inhibiting both Plin2 and cellular autophagy under high lipid stimulation,we examined whether the Plin2-autophagy pathway regulates HBV replication.RESULTS The results revealed that serum triglyceride levels,high-density lipoprotein levels,and hepatic steatosis ratio were significantly lower in the HBV-DNA high load group.Logistic regression analysis indicated that hepatic steatosis and serum triglyceride levels were negatively correlated with HBV-DNA load.Stratified analysis by HBeAg showed significant negative correlations between HBV-DNA load and hepatic steatosis ratio in both HBeAgpositive and HBeAg-negative groups.An in vitro cell model was developed by stimulating HepG2.2.15 cells with palmitic acid and oleic acid to study the relationship between HBV-DNA load and lipid metabolism.The results of the in vitro experiments suggested that fatty acid treatment increased lipid droplet deposition and decreased the expression of cell supernatant HBsAg,HBeAg,and HBV DNA load.Western blot and polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that fatty acid stimulation significantly induced Plin2 protein expression and inhibited the expression of hepatocyte autophagy proteins.Inhibition of Plin2 protein expression under fatty acid stimulation reversed the reduction in HBsAg and HBeAg expression and HBV DNA load induced by fatty acid stimulation and the inhibition of cellular autophagy.Knocking down Plin2 and blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine(3-MA)inhibited HBV DNA replication.CONCLUSION In conclusion,lipid metabolism is a significant factor affecting HBV load in patients with HBV infection.The in vitro experiments established that fatty acid stimulation inhibits HBV replication via the Plin2-autophagy pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81141080)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(SBK201340596)
文摘Objective:To test the effects of salidroside on formation and growth of glioma together with tumor microenvironment.Methods:Salidroside extracted from Rhodiola rosea was purified and treated on human glioma cells U251 at the concentration of 20 μg/mL.3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity and flow cytometry (FCM) for cell cycle analysis were performed.Then for in vivo study,xenotransplantation tumor model in nude mice was generated and treated with salidroside at the concentration of 50 mg/kg.d for totally 20 d.Body weight and tumor size were detected every 2 d after the treatment.The levels of 8-isoprostane,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA),special markers for oxidative stress,were detected while immunofluoresence staining was performed for astrocyte detection.Results:For in vitro study,salidroside could decrease the viability of human glioma cells U251 and the growth of U251 cells at G0/G1 checkpoint during the cell cycle.For in vivo study,salidroside could also inhibit the growth of human glioma tissue in nude mice.The body weight of these nude mice treated with salidroside did not decrease as quickly as control group.In the tumor xenotransplantation nude mice model,mice were found of inhibition of oxidative stress by detection of biomarkers.Furthermore,overgrowth of astrocytes due to the stimulation of oxidative stress in the cortex of brain was inhibited after the treatment of salidroside.Conclusions:Salidroside could inhibit the formation and growth of glioma both in vivo and in vitro and improve the tumor microenvironment via inhibition of oxidative stress and astrocytes.
基金This study was founded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(11572079,11772087,31500765,11472074,11372069)。
文摘A three-dimensional numerical model of the membranous labyrinth of the semicircular canal of the inner ear was established to investigate the effects of canalithiasis of BPPV on the balance function of the inner ear.The movement of otolith particles in the membranous labyrinth was simulated when a person turns his head to a specific position.The effects of otolith movements on the balance function of the inner ear were simulated for different numbers,diameters,and initial positions of otoliths.The simulation results show that the otolith diameter affects the movement duration of otoliths in the membranous labyrinth.The number and diameter of otoliths,the diameter of the membranous labyrinth,and the initial position of the otoliths can cause changes in the pressure difference on both sides of the cupula of the crista ampullaris(cupula).The latent period and onset period are related to the diameter of otolith particles and the position of the head.There is also a correlation between the severity of the disease and the diameter and number of otolith particles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10902022,11072055,and 11032008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT13LK49)
文摘In the present study, we reconstructed upper airway and soft palate models of 3 obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients with nasal obstruction. The airflow distribution and movement of the soft palate before and after surgery were described by a numerical simulation method. The curative effect of nasal surgery was evaluated for the three patients with OSAHS. The degree of nasal obstruction in the 3 patients was improved after surgery. For 2 patients with mild OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement were reduced after surgery. These changes contributed to the mitigation of respiratory airflow limitation. For the patient with severe OSAHS, the upper airway resistance and soft palate displacement increased after surgery, which aggravated the airway obstruction. The effcacy of nasal surgery for patients with OSAHS is determined by the degree of improvement in nasal obstruction and whether the effects on the pharynx are beneficial. Numerical simulation results are consistent with the polysomnogram(PSG) test results, chief complaints, and clinical findings, and can indirectly reflect the degree of nasal patency and improvement of snoring symptoms, and further,provide a theoretical basis to solve relevant clinical problems.
基金This study was supported in part by funds from a breast cancer advocacy group,100 Voices of Hope(H.Y.)the Indiana University Precision Health Initiative(H.N.)NIH R01AR52144(H.Y.),R03CA238555(H.Y.),and R01AR053237(A.R.).
文摘Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone,which is a frequent site of breast cancer metastasis.Here,we focused on Wnt signaling and evaluated tumor-osteocyte interactions.In animal experiments,mammary tumor cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad and tibia.The role of Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling was examined by overexpressing and silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes and establishing a conditional knockout mouse model.The results revealed that administration of osteocytes or their conditioned medium(CM)inhibited tumor progression and osteolysis.Osteocytes overexpressing Lrp5 or β-catenin displayed strikingly elevated tumor-suppressive activity,accompanied by downregulation of tumor-promoting chemokines and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing and tumor-suppressing proteins such as p53.The antitumor effect was also observed with osteocyte-derived CM that was pretreated with a Wnt-activating compound.Notably,silencing Lrp5 in tumors inhibited tumor progression,while silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes in conditional knockout mice promoted tumor progression.Osteocytes exhibited elevated Lrp5 expression in response to tumor cells,implying that osteocytes protect bone through canonical Wnt signaling.Thus,our results suggest that the Lrp5/β-catenin axis activates tumor-promoting signaling in tumor cells but tumor-suppressive signaling in osteocytes.We envision that osteocytes with Wnt activation potentially offer a novel cell-based therapy for breast cancer and osteolytic bone metastasis.
文摘The aim of this study is to explore a way that quantify the qualitative equation of bone growth and remodeling which was based on the animal Experiment of rapid-growing Rats in Different Stress Environment. These results were proved to be of good stability and identification precision with the numerical method of inversion. It suggested that the growing coefficient and the threshold in function were variables changing with time and space. The idea and method used in the research of bone growth and remodeling adaptation in this paper also provided clue and reference to establish other models for living system.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:22027804,21974141,and 21904125)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(Grant Nos.:2022-MS-019 and 2022-MS-016)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Dalian(Grant No.:2022JJ13SN096)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(Grant Nos.:DICP I202141 and DICP I202144)1+X Program for Large Cohort Study-Clinical Research Incubation Project,The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University(Project No.:2022DXDL01).
文摘Exhaled ammonia(NH_(3))is an essential noninvasive biomarker for disease diagnosis.In this study,an acetone-modifier positive photoionization ion mobility spectrometry(AM-PIMS)method was developed for accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of exhaled NH_(3)with high selectivity and sensitivity.Acetone was introduced into the drift tube along with the drift gas as a modifier,and the characteristic NH_(3)product ion peak of(C_(3)H_(6)O)_(4)NH_(4)^(+)(K_(0)=1.45 cm^(2)/V·s)was obtained through the ion-molecule reaction with acetone reactant ions(C_(3)H_(6)O)_(2)H^(+)(K_(0)=1.87 cm^(2)/V·s),which significantly increased the peak-to-peak resolution and improved the accuracy of exhaled NH_(3)qualitative identification.Moreover,the interference of high humidity and the memory effect of NH_(3)molecules were significantly reduced via online dilution and purging sampling,thus realizing breath-by-breath measurement.As a result,a wide quantitative range of 5.87-140.92μmol/L with a response time of 40 ms was achieved,and the exhaled NH_(3)profile could be synchronized with the concentration curve of exhaled CO_(2).Finally,the analytical capacity of AM-PIMS was demonstrated by measuring the exhaled NH_(3)of healthy subjects,demonstrating its great potential for clinical disease diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073001 and 82103423)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(23ZR1454800)Scientific Research Foundation for the Introduction of Talent in Shanghai Stomatological Hospital(SSDC-2021-RC01).
文摘Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized by collagen crosslinking catalyzed by lysyl oxidase(LOX).Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate cell-cell communication.However,the interactions between sEVs and the ECM remain unclear.Here,we demonstrated that sEVs released from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)-derived CAFs induce collagen crosslinking,thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).CAF sEVs preferably bound to the ECM rather than being taken up by fibroblasts and induced collagen crosslinking,and a LOX inhibitor or blocking antibody suppressed this effect.Active LOX(αLOX),but not the LOX precursor,was enriched in CAF sEVs and interacted with periostin,fibronectin,and bone morphogenetic protein-1 on the surface of sEVs.CAF sEV-associated integrinα2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I,and blocking integrinα2β1 inhibited collagen crosslinking by interfering with CAF sEV binding to collagen I.CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the EMT of OSCC through FAK/paxillin/YAP pathway.Taken together,these findings reveal a novel role of CAF sEVs in tumor ECM remodeling,suggesting a critical mechanism for CAF-induced EMT of cancer cells.
文摘Soft tissue masses deep in the extremities pose significant challenges due to their potential involvement with adjacent major vessels,impacting treatment decisions and prognostication.While MRI is valuable in diagnosing these masses,specific signs for differential diagnosis are lacking.This study focuses on the utilization of mDixon magnetic resonance angiography(mDixon-MRA)combined with compressed sensing(CS)to assess the involvement of adjacent major blood vessels by soft tissue masses deep in the extremities.The methodology involves preoperative imaging evaluation,including conventional MRI and mdixon-MRA,intraoperative observation,and statistical analysis.The study suggests that combining mDixon-MRA with conventional MRI findings improves diagnostic efficacy.Combining mDixon-MRA with conventional MRI enhances diagnostic accuracy,offering clinicians a reliable method for assessing vascular involvement in soft tissue masses,thereby improving patient outcomes.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Plan Project of Dalian City in China,No.2014E14SF186
文摘Ferumoxytol, an iron replacement product, is a new type of superparamagnetic iron oxide ap- proved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we assessed the feasibility of tracking transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in middle cerebral artery occlusion-injured rats by 3.0 T MRI in vivo. 1 × 104 human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine were transplanted into the brains of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurologic impairment was scored at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation. T2-weighted imaging and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography were used to observe transplanted cells. Results of imaging tests were compared with results of Prussian blue staining. The modified neurologic impairment scores were significantly lower in rats transplanted with cells at all time points except I day post-transplantation compared with rats without transplantation. Regions with hypointense signals on T2-weighted and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography images corresponded with areas stained by Prussian blue, suggesting the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles within the engrafted cells. Enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image exhibited better sensitivity and contrast in tracing ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine-labeled human adipose-derived stem ceils compared with T2-weighted imaging in routine MRI.
文摘AIM:To investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of Barrett’s esophagus(BE)in China and compare with cases in the west.METHODS:Studies were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed databases using the terms"Barrett"and"Barrett AND China",respectively,as well as published studies about BE in China from 2000 to 2011.The researchers reviewed the titles and abstracts of all search results to determine whether or not the literature was relevant to the current topic of this research.The references listed in the studies were also searched.Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the literature were appropriately established,and the data reported in the selected studies were analyzed.Finally,a meta-analysis was performed.RESULTS:The current research included 3873 cases of BE from 69 studies.The endoscopic detection rate of BE in China was 1%.The ratio of male to female cases was 1.781 to 1,and the average age of BE patients was 49.07±5.09 years.Island-type and shortsegment BE were the most common endoscopic manifestations,accounting for 4.48%and 80.3%,respectively,of all cases studied.Cardiac-type BE was observed in 40.0%of the cases,representing the most common histological characteristic of the condition.Cancer incidence was 1.418 per 1000 person-years.CONCLUSION:Average age of BE patients in China is lower than in Western countries.Endoscopic detection and cancer incidence were also lower in China.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (1047202510672036)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China (20032109)
文摘To study the airflow distribution in human nasal cavity during respiration and the characteristic parameters of nasal structure, three-dimensional, anatomically accurate representations of 30 adult nasal cavity models were recons- tructed based on processed tomography images collected from normal people. The airflow fields in nasal cavities were simulated by fluid dynamics with finite element software ANSYS. The results showed that the difference of human nasal cavity structure led to different airflow distribution in the nasal cavities and variation of the main airstream passing through the common nasal meatus. The nasal resistance in the regions of nasal valve and nasal vestibule accounted for more than half of the overall resistance. The characteristic model of nasal cavity was extracted on the basis of characteristic points and dimensions deduced from the original models. It showed that either the geometric structure or the airflow field of the two kinds of models was similar. The characteristic dimensions were the characteristic parameters of nasal cavity that could properly represent the original model in model studies on nasal cavity.
基金Project(2007CB714006) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China Project(90815023) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The hybrid genetic algorithm is utilized to facilitate model parameter estimation.The tri-dimensional compression tests of soil are performed to supply experimental data for identifying nonlinear constitutive model of soil.In order to save computing time during parameter inversion,a new procedure to compute the calculated strains is presented by multi-linear simplification approach instead of finite element method(FEM).The real-coded hybrid genetic algorithm is developed by combining normal genetic algorithm with gradient-based optimization algorithm.The numerical and experimental results for conditioned soil are compared.The forecast strains based on identified nonlinear constitutive model of soil agree well with observed ones.The effectiveness and accuracy of proposed parameter estimation approach are validated.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81372714,81672480,81872065,and 81802506)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.201602244)+3 种基金Liaoning Province Innovation Talents Support Program in Colleges and Universities(Grant No.LR2016023)Distinguished Professor Project of Liaoning ProvinceSpecial Grant for Translational Medicine,Dalian Medical University(Grant No.2015002)Basic Research Projects in Colleges and Universities of Liaoning Province(Grant No.LQ2017033)。
文摘Objective:Temozolomide(TMZ)is commonly used for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)chemotherapy.However,drug resistance limits its therapeutic effect in GBM treatment.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)have vital roles in posttranscriptional events.While disturbance of RBP-RNA network activity is potentially associated with cancer development,the precise mechanisms are not fully known.The SNRPG gene,encoding small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G,was recently found to be related to cancer incidence,but its exact function has yet to be elucidated.Methods:SNRPG knockdown was achieved via short hairpin RNAs.Gene expression profiling and Western blot analyses were used to identify potential glioma cell growth signaling pathways affected by SNRPG.Xenograft tumors were examined to determine the carcinogenic effects of SNRPG on glioma tissues.Results:The SNRPG-mediated inhibitory effect on glioma cells might be due to the targeted prevention of Myc and p53.In addition,the effects of SNRPG loss on p53 levels and cell cycle progression were found to be Myc-dependent.Furthermore,SNRPG was increased in TMZ-resistant GBM cells,and downregulation of SNRPG potentially sensitized resistant cells to TMZ,suggesting that SNRPG deficiency decreases the chemoresistance of GBM cells to TMZ via the p53 signaling pathway.Our data confirmed that SNRPG suppression sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ by targeting Myc via the p53 signaling cascade.Conclusions:These results indicated that SNRPG is a probable molecular target of GBM and suggested that suppressing SNRPG in resistant GBM cells might be a substantially beneficial method for overcoming essential drug resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10472025 10672036+1 种基金 10872043)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (20032109).
文摘A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is used to study the respiratory airflow dynamics within a human upper airway. The airway model which consists of the airway from nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and trachea to triple bifurcation is built based on the CT images of a healthy volunteer and the Weibel model. The flow character- istics of the whole upper airway are quantitatively described at any time level of respiratory cycle. Simulation results of respiratory flow show good agreement with the clinical mea- sures, experimental and computational results in the litera- ture. The air mainly passes through the floor of the nasal cavity in the common, middle and inferior nasal meatus. The higher airway resistance and wall shear stresses are distrib- uted on the posterior nasal valve. Although the airways of pharynx, larynx and bronchi experience low shear stresses, it is notable that relatively high shear stresses are distrib- uted on the wall of epiglottis and bronchial bifurcations. Besides, two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction models of normal and abnormal airways are built to discuss the flow-induced deformation in various anatomy models. The result shows that the wall deformation in normal airway is relatively small.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30872836)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(No.201102054)
文摘AIM: To investigate the influence of bone morphogenetic protein type IA receptor [BMPR-IA(ALK3)] conditional knockout in lens on expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) in lens during the development of the vertebrate eye.METHODS: Cre-positive mice were mated with Crenegative mice to generate 50% Cre-positive(conditional knockout, CKO) 4 embryos, 8 eyes and 50% Cre-negative offspring(wild type, WT) 4 embryos, 8 eyes. The embryos were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned to a thickness of 4 μm.Removal of paraffin wax and dehydrating for sections,and then the procedure of in situ hybridization was processed, BMP4 MK1784-m(BOSTER) was used, and observed the expression of BMP4 in the lens in experimental group and control group. We selected SPSS11.0 software for statistical analysis, P【0.05 showed that the difference was statistically significant.· RESULTS: Four embryos of each genotype were examined, totally we had 8 embryos, 16 eyes. We got the uniform outcomes in all the embryos. We found ALK3 was required during lens growing, but was not essential for the formation of lens. We observed that the expression of BMP4 in the lens was significantly reduced in all 8 ALK3 CKO lens, BMP4 expression was normal in all the 8 WT lens, P 【0.01. This phenomenon became increasingly visible in accordance with embryo development. The most apparent alteration was present at stage E15.5.CONCLUSION: ALK3 is essential for lens growth. The influence of ALK3 on the expression of BMP4 is present during the development of mice lens.