BACKGROUND A comprehensive understanding of the extrahepatic bile duct anatomy is vital to guide surgical procedures and perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.Anatomical irregularities within the extrahepatic ...BACKGROUND A comprehensive understanding of the extrahepatic bile duct anatomy is vital to guide surgical procedures and perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.Anatomical irregularities within the extrahepatic bile duct may increase susceptibility to bile duct stones.AIM To investigate the anatomical risk factors associated with extrahepatic bile ducts in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis,with a specific focus on preventing stone recurrence after surgical intervention and endoscopic lithotomy.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 124 patients without choledocholithiasis and 108 with confirmed choledocholithiasis who underwent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography examinations at our center between January 2022 and October 2022.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the anatomical risk factors influencing the incidence of common bile duct stones.RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that several factors independently contributed to choledocholithiasis risk.Significant independent risk factors for choledocholithiasis were diameter of the common hepatic[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.43,95%confidence interval(CI):1.07-1.92,adjusted P value=0.016]and common bile(aOR=1.68,95%CI:1.27-2.23,adjusted P value<0.001)ducts,length of the common hepatic duct(aOR=0.92,95%CI:0.84-0.99,adjusted P value=0.034),and angle of the common bile duct(aOR=0.92,95%CI:0.89–0.95,adjusted P value<0.001).The anatomical features of the extrahepatic bile duct were directly associated with choledocholithiasis risk.Key risk factors include an enlarged diameter of the common hepatic and bile ducts,a shorter length of the common hepatic duct,and a reduced angle of the common bile duct.展开更多
BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the co...BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the conclusion that curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.AIM To determine whether hsa_circ_0136666 involvement in curcumin-triggered CRC progression was mediated by sponging miR-1301-3p.METHODS Cell counting kit-8,colony-forming cell,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine,and flow cytometry assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation,apoptosis,and cell cycle progression.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction quantified hsa_circ_0136666,miR-1301-3p,and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL1),and western blot analysis determined CXCL1,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2 related X protein(Bax)protein levels.CircBank or starbase software was first used for the prediction of miR-1301-3p binding with hsa_circ_0136666 and CXCL1,followed by RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation,and dualluciferase reporter assay validation.In vivo experiments were implemented in a murine xenograft model.RESULTS Curcumin blocked CRC cell proliferation but boosted apoptosis.Moreover,elevated hsa_circ_0136666 Levels were observed in CRC cells,which were reduced by curcumin.In vitro,hsa_circ_0136666 overexpression abolished the antitumor activity of CRC cells.Mechanical analysis revealed the ability of hsa_circ_0136666 to sponge miR-1301-3p to modulate CXCL1 levels.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.展开更多
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is among the most prevalent causes of cancer-related death in patients worldwide.Resistance to immunotherapy and chemotherapy results in worse survival outcomes in ESCC.It is ur...Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is among the most prevalent causes of cancer-related death in patients worldwide.Resistance to immunotherapy and chemotherapy results in worse survival outcomes in ESCC.It is urgent to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of immune evasion and chemoresistance in ESCC.Here,we conducted RNA-sequencing analysis in ten ESCC tissues from cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients.We found that DMRTA1 was extremely upregulated in the non-pathologic complete response(non-pCR)group.The proliferation rate of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells was markedly decreased after knockdown of DMRTA1 expression,which could increase cisplatin sensitivity in ESCC.Additionally,suppression of DMRTA1 could decrease the immune escape of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.Further mechanistic studies suggest that DMRTA1 can promote its expression by binding to the promoter of SOX2,which plays important roles in the progression and chemoresistance of ESCC in the form of positive feedback.Therefore,DMRTA1 could be a potential target to suppress immune escape and overcome chemoresistance in ESCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gallstones are common lesions that often require surgical intervention.Laparo-scopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones.Preoperatively,the anatomical morphology of the cys...BACKGROUND Gallstones are common lesions that often require surgical intervention.Laparo-scopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones.Preoperatively,the anatomical morphology of the cystic duct(CD),needs to be accurately recognized,especially when anatomical variations occur in the CD,which is otherwise prone to bile duct injury.However,at present,there is no optimal classification system for CD morphology applicable in clinical practice,and the relationship between anatomical variations in CDs and gallstones remains to be explored.AIM To create a more comprehensive clinically applicable classification of the morphology of CD and to explore the correlations between anatomic variants of CD and gallstones.METHODS A total of 300 patients were retrospectively enrolled from October 2021 to January 2022.The patients were divided into two groups:The gallstone group and the nongallstone group.Relevant clinical data and anatomical data of the CD based on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)were collected and analyzed to propose a morphological classification system of the CD and to explore its relationship with gallstones.Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analyses to identify the independent risk factors using variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.RESULTS Of the 300 patients enrolled in this study,200(66.7%)had gallstones.The mean age was 48.10±13.30 years,142(47.3%)were male,and 158(52.7%)were female.A total of 55.7%of the patients had a body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2.Based on the MRCP,the CD anatomical typology is divided into four types:Type I:Linear,type II:n-shaped,type III:S-shaped,and type IV:W-shaped.Univariate analysis revealed differences between the gallstone and nongallstone groups in relation to sex,BMI,cholesterol,triglycerides,morphology of CD,site of CD insertion into the extrahepatic bile duct,length of CD,and angle between the common hepatic duct and CD.According to the multivariate analysis,female,BMI(≥24 kg/m2),and CD morphology[n-shaped:Odds ratio(OR)=10.97,95%confidence interval(95%CI):5.22-23.07,P<0.001;S-shaped:OR=4.43,95%CI:1.64-11.95,P=0.003;W-shaped:OR=7.74,95%CI:1.88-31.78,P=0.005]were significantly associated with gallstones.CONCLUSION The present study details the morphological variation in the CD and confirms that CD tortuosity is an independent risk factor for gallstones.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the use of multi-b-value diffusionweighted imaging in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 33 cases of pancreatic cancer and 12 cases of benign pancreatic tumors at the S...AIM:To investigate the use of multi-b-value diffusionweighted imaging in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 33 cases of pancreatic cancer and 12 cases of benign pancreatic tumors at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2008 to January2011.The demographic characteristics,clinical presentation,routine magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)features with different b values were reviewed.Continuous data were expressed as mean±SD.Comparisons between pancreatic cancer and benign pancreatic tumors were performed using the Student’s t test.A probability of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were identified.The mean age at diagnosis was 60±5.6 years.The male:female ratio was 21:12.Twenty cases were confirmed by surgical resection and 13 by biopsy of metastases.T1 weighted images demonstrated a pancreatic head mass in 16 patients,a pancreatic body mass in 10 cases,and a pancreatic tail mass with pancreatic atrophy in 7 cases.Eight patients had hepatic metastases,13 had invasion or envelopment of mesenteric vessels,4 had bone metastases,and 8had lymph node metastases.DWI demonstrated an irregular intense mass with unclear margins.Necrotic tissue demonstrated an uneven low signal.A b of 1100s/mm2was associated with a high intensity signal with poor anatomical delineation.A b of 700 s/mm2was associated with apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs)that were useful in distinguishing benign and malignant pancreatic tumors(P<0.05).b values of 50,350,400,450 and 1100 s/mm2were associated with ADCs that did not differentiate the two tumors.CONCLUSION:Low b value images demonstrated superior anatomical details when compared to high b value images.Tumor tissue definition was high and contrast with the surrounding tissues was good.DWI was useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.展开更多
Aging is the major risk factor for many human diseases and degeneration.Thus,clinically effective medicine could delay the process of aging and aging-related diseases are desperately wanted.In traditional Chinese medi...Aging is the major risk factor for many human diseases and degeneration.Thus,clinically effective medicine could delay the process of aging and aging-related diseases are desperately wanted.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),some were claimed to slow down aging.Qingyangshen(Cynanchum otophyllum schneid)is such a TCM.Here,we assayed the longevity effect of compound Otophylloside B(Ot B),a C-21 steroidal glycoside isolated from Qingyangshen,in Caenorhabditis elegans,which is a popular model for aging research.Our results showed that Ot B could modestly extend the lifespan of C.elegans,delay the age-related decline of body movement and improve the stress resistance.Further investigating the molecular mechanism of lifespan extension effect revealed that Ot B could activate the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16.Ot B could not further extend the lifespan of long-lived mutant of insulin/IGF-1-like receptor(daf-2).In addition,Ot B also requires SIR-2.1 and CLK-1 which is an enzyme in ubiquinone synthesis,for lifespan extension.展开更多
On the basis of continuous improvement in recent years,radiofrequency therapy technology has been widely developed,and has become an effective method for the treatment of various intractable pain.Radiofrequency therap...On the basis of continuous improvement in recent years,radiofrequency therapy technology has been widely developed,and has become an effective method for the treatment of various intractable pain.Radiofrequency therapy is a technique that uses special equipment and puncture needles to output ultra-high frequency radio waves and accurately act on local tissues.In order to standardize the application of radiofrequency technology in the treatment of painful diseases,Chinese Association for the Study of Pain(CASP)has developed a consensus proposed by many domestic experts and scholars.展开更多
Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are crucial to tumor metastasis,and they usually undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in order to disseminate from the primary tumor.However,very little is currently known about t...Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are crucial to tumor metastasis,and they usually undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in order to disseminate from the primary tumor.However,very little is currently known about the relationship between EMT and malignant phenotypes of CTCs in the context of gastric cancer.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the contribution of EMT to malignant phenotypes of CTCs derived from gastric cancer cells.We xenografted MKN28 gastric cancer cells pretreated with transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGFβ-1)into nude mice by intravenous injection.Next,we isolated CTCs from the blood of nude mice by gradient centrifugation and found that CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1 had a significantly increased viability and invasion ability compared to MKN28 cells without TGFβ-1 treatment.Immunocytochemical staining showed lower expression of E-cadherin and higher expression of N-cadherin,vimentin,and β-catenin in CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1.Furthermore,the expression of Wnt3a,β-catenin,cyclin D1,and c-Myc was significantly higher in CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1.Taken together,these findings suggest that TGFβ promotes EMT and malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells.Furthermore,the malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells induced by TGFβ are maintained in CTCs derived from these cells.Targeting EMT in CTCs is a new approach to the treatment of gastric cancer relapse and metastasis.展开更多
Genome-wide association studies have found that rs17612742 increases the risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke.The rs17612742 was located in the intron region of Endothelin receptor type A(NRA),which was cellula...Genome-wide association studies have found that rs17612742 increases the risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke.The rs17612742 was located in the intron region of Endothelin receptor type A(NRA),which was cellular and gender-heterogeneous.Functional genomics studies of rs17612742 were carried out through some public databases,and it was found that rs17612742 was located in the chromatin open region and promoted the expression of NRA.Compared with the control group,EDNRA expression increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion exposed rodents.However,age heterogeneity of EDNRA expression under physiological and pathological conditions was not observed.In addition,we also discussed how to conduct further empirical studies to provide evidence that rs17612742 confers the risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke by increasing the expression of NRA.展开更多
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated by head-to-tail splicing and are ubiquitously expressed in all multicellular organisms. Their important biological functions are increasingly recognized. Cerebral ischemia reperf...Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated by head-to-tail splicing and are ubiquitously expressed in all multicellular organisms. Their important biological functions are increasingly recognized. Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction is an initial stage of blood-brain barrier disruption. The expression profile and potential function of circRNAs in brain microvascular endothelial cells is unknown. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells were extracted and cultured in glucose-free medium for 4 hours with 5% CO2 and 95% N2, and the medium was then replaced with complete growth medium for 6 hours. The RNA in these cells was then extracted. The circRNA was identified by Find_circ and CIRI2 software. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of genes that were common to differentially expressed mRNAs and circRNA host genes was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery Functional Annotation Tool. Miranda software was used to predict microRNAs that were potentially sponged by circRNAs. Furthermore, cytoscape depicted the circR-NA-microRNA interaction network. The results showed that there were 1288 circRNAs in normal and oxygen-glucose deprived/recovered primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. There are 211 upregulated and 326 downregulated differentially expressed circRNAs. The host genes of these differentially expressed circRNAs overlapped with those of differentially expressed mRNAs. The shared genes were further studied by functional enrichment analyses, which revealed that circRNAs may contribute to calcium ion function and the cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (CAMP) dependent protein kinase (PKα) signaling pathway. Next, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to detect circRNA levels transcribed from the overlapping host genes. Eight out of the ten circRNAs with the highest fold-change identified by sequencing were successfully verified. Subsequently, the circRNA-microRNA interaction networks of these eight circRNAs were explored by bioinformatic analysis. These results demonstrate that altered circRNAs may be important in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and consequently may also be potential therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia diseases. All animal experiments were approved by the Chongqing Medical University Committee on Animal Research, China (approval No. CQMU20180086) on March 22, 2018.展开更多
To determine the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined the micro RNA(mi RNA) expression profile in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using mi RNA microarr...To determine the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined the micro RNA(mi RNA) expression profile in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using mi RNA microarrays and bioinformatic tools to systematically analyze Gene Ontology(GO) function classifications, as well as the signaling pathways of genes targeted by these differentially expressed mi RNAs. Our results show significantly changed mi RNA expression profiles in the reperfusion period after focal cerebral ischemia, with a total of 15 mi RNAs up-regulated and 44 mi RNAs down-regulated. Target genes of these differentially expressed mi RNAs were mainly involved in metabolic and cellular processes, which were identified as hub nodes of a mi RNA-GO-network. The most correlated pathways included D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, the renin-angiotensin system, peroxisomes, the PPAR signaling pathway, SNARE interactions in vesicular transport, and the calcium signaling pathway. Our study suggests that mi RNAs play an important role in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Understanding mi RNA expression and function may shed light on the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.展开更多
AIM: To compare the efficacy of hepatic resection(HR) and transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) for patients with solitary huge(≥ 10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: Records were retrospectively analyzed of...AIM: To compare the efficacy of hepatic resection(HR) and transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) for patients with solitary huge(≥ 10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: Records were retrospectively analyzed of 247 patients with solitary huge HCC, comprising 180 treated by HR and 67 by TACE. Long-term overall survival(OS) was compared between the two groups using the Kaplan-Meier method, and independent predictors of survival were identified by multivariate analysis. These analyses were performed using all patients in both groups and/or 61 pairs of propensity score-matched patients from the two groups. RESULTS: OS at 5 years was significantly higher in the HR group than the TACE group, across all patients(P = 0.002) and across propensity score-matchedpairs(36.4% vs 18.2%, P = 0.039). The two groups showed similar postoperative mortality and morbidity. Multivariate analysis identified alpha-fetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/m L, presence of vascular invasion and TACE treatment as independent predictors of poor OS.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that HR can be safe and more effective than TACE for patients with solitary huge HCC.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of...AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of 129 patients from the Department of Surgery and Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Sixty cases of normal gastric tissues were collected from gastrectomy specimens of adjacent gastric cancer margins greater than 5 cm. Patient diagnosis was established pathologically, and no patient had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. All tissue specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to investigate the expression of DLX2 in 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 60 adjacent normal tissues. The immunos-taining reaction was semiquantitatively evaluated based on the proportion of positive cells and the median staining intensity in normal gastric epithelial cells or tumor cells. All patients had follow-up records for more than 5 years. Correlations of DLX2 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS:The positive expression of DLX2 was detected in 68 (52.7%) cases of 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 14 (23.3%) cases of 60 adjacent normal tissues. The difference in DLX2 expression between gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues was statistically significant (Ⅹ2 = 14.391, P < 0.001). Moreover, high expression of DLX2 was detected in 48 (37.2%) cases of 129 human gastric cancer tissues, but not in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of DLX2 correlated with the size of tumor (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023) and tumor-node-metastasis stages (P = 0.020), but was not correlated with age, gender, histological differentiation and distant metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that survival time of patients with high DLX2 expression was significantly shorter than that with low DLX2 expression. However, the multivariate analysis showed that invasion depth (P < 0.001), lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.001) and distant metastasis (P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, but DLX2 expression, tumor location and tumor size were not. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that increased expression of DLX2 may correlate with the advanced stage of gastric adenocarcinoma, and it may contribute to tumor development.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) treatment for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Sixty-seven patients with intermediate-stage [Barcelona ...AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) treatment for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Sixty-seven patients with intermediate-stage [Barcelona Clinic liver cancer stage B(BCLC-B)] HCC who were treated with sorafenib plus TACE or TACE alone between 2009 and 2011 were included in the study. Follow-up was until 2014 or patient death. Two groups were defined in the experiment: The experimental group, treated with sorafenib plus TACE, and the control group, treated with standard TACE alone.RESULTS The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median overall survival(m OS) of the experimental group was 35.2 mo, while that of the control group was 22.0 mo(P < 0.05). Sorafenib plus TACE showed higher incidence rates of rash, hand-foot syndrome(HFS), and hypertension(P < 0.05) than TACE treatment alone.CONCLUSION Sorafenib plus TACE treatment for BCLC-B HCC significantly prolonged the m OS of patients compared to TACE treatment alone. The most common toxicities with sorafenib were rash(31.6%), HFS(39.5%) and hypertension(31.6%), but there were no intolerable adverse events. The Cox multivariate analysis showed that the survival of patients with BCLC-B HCC depended on the Child-Pugh classification, tumor diameter, and treatment with sorafenib plus TACE compared to TACE alone.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a major public health concern worldwide and the few drugs currently available only treat the symptoms.Hence,there is a strong need to find more effective anti-AD agents.Cynanchum otophyllum ...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a major public health concern worldwide and the few drugs currently available only treat the symptoms.Hence,there is a strong need to find more effective anti-AD agents.Cynanchum otophyllum is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating epilepsy,and otophylloside B(Ot B),isolated from C.otophyllum,is the essential active component.Having previously identified anti-aging effects of Ot B,we evaluated Ot B for AD prevention in C.elegant models of AD and found that Ot B extended lifespan,increased heat stress-resistance,delayed body paralysis,and increased the chemotaxis response.Collectively,these results indicated thatOt B protects against Aβtoxicity.Further mechanistic studies revealed that Ot B decreased Aβdeposition by decreasing the expression of Aβat the mRNA level.Genetic analyses showed that Ot B mediated its effects by increasing the activity of heat shock transcription factor(HSF)by upregulating the expression of hsf-1 and its target genes,hsp-12.6,hsp-16.2 and hsp-70.Ot B also increased the expression of sod-3 by partially activating DAF-16,while SKN-1 was not essential in Ot B-mediated protection against Aβtoxicity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Urinary bladder haemangioma is a benign nonurothelial tumour that rarely occurs in paediatric and adolescent patients.Clinical and radiological examinations are not adequate for an accurate diagnosis.The pu...BACKGROUND Urinary bladder haemangioma is a benign nonurothelial tumour that rarely occurs in paediatric and adolescent patients.Clinical and radiological examinations are not adequate for an accurate diagnosis.The purpose of this serial case report is to raise awareness of urinary bladder haemangioma and appropriate management.CASE SUMMARY We described two rare cases of urinary bladder haemangioma that were confirmed by histopathology followed by immunohistochemistry and reviewed the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease.The radical cystectomy was performed with open method surgery associated with an abdominal wall ostomy of the ileal outlet tract for case 1.Case 2 underwent a laparoscopic partial cystectomy.Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of urinary bladder haemangioma.Haematuria resolved postoperatively,and there was no evidence of tumour recurrence in 3 years follow-up for case 1.Postoperative urinary and pelvic ultrasonography showed no signs of recurrence in 3 mo follow-up for case 2.CONCLUSION Careful histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are required to establish the correct diagnosis.There is no“gold standard”treatment for urinary bladder haemangioma,and treatment options are varied for individuals with favourable follow-ups.展开更多
Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases...Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China.展开更多
This study examined the association of polymorphisms in angiotensinⅡreceptor genes(AT1R and AT2R) with the risk for aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA) in a Chinese Han population.Four polymorphisms including rs5...This study examined the association of polymorphisms in angiotensinⅡreceptor genes(AT1R and AT2R) with the risk for aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA) in a Chinese Han population.Four polymorphisms including rs5182(573T/C) in exon 4,rs5186(1166A/C) in 3'-untranslated region(3'-UTR) in AT1R gene and rs5194(2274G/A) in 3'-UTR,rs1403543(1675G/A) in intron 1 in AT2R gene were detected in 148 APA patients and 192 normal subjects(serving as control) by using a MGB-Taqman probe.The distribution of genotypes of each locus was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium(HWE) in the APA and control groups(P0.05).The allele A frequency at rs5194 was significantly higher in the APA group(0.49) than in the control group(0.35)(χ2=12.08,P=0.001).Subjects with homozygotic genotype AA and heterozygotic genotype GA were at an increased risk for APA as compared to those with GG genotype(OR=2.66,95% CI=1.45-4.87;OR=1.67,95% CI=1.02-2.74).Furthermore,rs5194 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) at AT2R gene was significantly associated with APA in additive(OR=1.64,95% CI=1.21-2.20,P=0.001),dominant(OR=1.94,95% CI=1.23-3.06,P=0.003),and recessive model(OR=2.01,95% CI=1.17-3.45,P=0.01).It was concluded that rs5194 polymorphism at AT2R gene was associated with the risk for APA,which may constitute a genetic marker of APA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Moonwort is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine. It has various pharmacological effects, such as relieving cough and preventing asthma. To date,multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis caused by moon...BACKGROUND Moonwort is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine. It has various pharmacological effects, such as relieving cough and preventing asthma. To date,multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis caused by moonwort poisoning have not been reported.CASE SUMMARY Here we report four cases of moonwort poisoning that presented with multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis accompanied by vomiting, fatigue, and muscle aches. One patient was an adult male, two were adult females, and one was a boy, with an age range of 7–64 years. The adults were treated with hemoperfusion and symptomatic therapies, while the child was treated with plasma exchange and symptomatic therapies. All four patients recovered.CONCLUSION Blood purification combined with symptomatic treatment may be an effective method for managing multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis caused by acute moonwort poisoning.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone on systemic stress response in recovery period of gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods:A total of 86 patients who received laparoscopic ...Objective:To study the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone on systemic stress response in recovery period of gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods:A total of 86 patients who received laparoscopic operation in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between June 2014 and December 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone group (DO group) and control group (C group). Before anesthesia induction (T1), at the end of the surgery and before micro pump injection of dexmedetomidine and oxycodone hydrochloride (T2) and in recovery period (T3), serum levels of pituitary-target gland axis-related hormones, vascular activity-related hormones and oxidative stress-related molecules were determined.Results: At T1 and T2, serum TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, Cor, NE, E, ADH, AT-II, ROS, MDA, SOD and HO-1 levels of DO group were not significantly different from those of C group;at T3, serum TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, Cor, NE, E, ADH, AT-II, ROS and MDA levels of DO group were significantly lower than those of C group while SOD and HO-1 levels were significantly higher than those of C group.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone can inhibit the systemic stress response in recovery of gynecological laparoscopic operation.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND A comprehensive understanding of the extrahepatic bile duct anatomy is vital to guide surgical procedures and perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.Anatomical irregularities within the extrahepatic bile duct may increase susceptibility to bile duct stones.AIM To investigate the anatomical risk factors associated with extrahepatic bile ducts in patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis,with a specific focus on preventing stone recurrence after surgical intervention and endoscopic lithotomy.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 124 patients without choledocholithiasis and 108 with confirmed choledocholithiasis who underwent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography examinations at our center between January 2022 and October 2022.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the anatomical risk factors influencing the incidence of common bile duct stones.RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that several factors independently contributed to choledocholithiasis risk.Significant independent risk factors for choledocholithiasis were diameter of the common hepatic[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.43,95%confidence interval(CI):1.07-1.92,adjusted P value=0.016]and common bile(aOR=1.68,95%CI:1.27-2.23,adjusted P value<0.001)ducts,length of the common hepatic duct(aOR=0.92,95%CI:0.84-0.99,adjusted P value=0.034),and angle of the common bile duct(aOR=0.92,95%CI:0.89–0.95,adjusted P value<0.001).The anatomical features of the extrahepatic bile duct were directly associated with choledocholithiasis risk.Key risk factors include an enlarged diameter of the common hepatic and bile ducts,a shorter length of the common hepatic duct,and a reduced angle of the common bile duct.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81960508Yunnan Province Wang Bin Expert Workstation,No.202205AF150011.
文摘BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the conclusion that curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.AIM To determine whether hsa_circ_0136666 involvement in curcumin-triggered CRC progression was mediated by sponging miR-1301-3p.METHODS Cell counting kit-8,colony-forming cell,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine,and flow cytometry assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation,apoptosis,and cell cycle progression.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction quantified hsa_circ_0136666,miR-1301-3p,and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL1),and western blot analysis determined CXCL1,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2 related X protein(Bax)protein levels.CircBank or starbase software was first used for the prediction of miR-1301-3p binding with hsa_circ_0136666 and CXCL1,followed by RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation,and dualluciferase reporter assay validation.In vivo experiments were implemented in a murine xenograft model.RESULTS Curcumin blocked CRC cell proliferation but boosted apoptosis.Moreover,elevated hsa_circ_0136666 Levels were observed in CRC cells,which were reduced by curcumin.In vitro,hsa_circ_0136666 overexpression abolished the antitumor activity of CRC cells.Mechanical analysis revealed the ability of hsa_circ_0136666 to sponge miR-1301-3p to modulate CXCL1 levels.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.
基金funded by the Department of Education of Yunnan Province(No.2021J0244).
文摘Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is among the most prevalent causes of cancer-related death in patients worldwide.Resistance to immunotherapy and chemotherapy results in worse survival outcomes in ESCC.It is urgent to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of immune evasion and chemoresistance in ESCC.Here,we conducted RNA-sequencing analysis in ten ESCC tissues from cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients.We found that DMRTA1 was extremely upregulated in the non-pathologic complete response(non-pCR)group.The proliferation rate of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells was markedly decreased after knockdown of DMRTA1 expression,which could increase cisplatin sensitivity in ESCC.Additionally,suppression of DMRTA1 could decrease the immune escape of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.Further mechanistic studies suggest that DMRTA1 can promote its expression by binding to the promoter of SOX2,which plays important roles in the progression and chemoresistance of ESCC in the form of positive feedback.Therefore,DMRTA1 could be a potential target to suppress immune escape and overcome chemoresistance in ESCC.
基金Supported by The Yunnan Medical Discipline Leader Training Program,No.D-2019012.
文摘BACKGROUND Gallstones are common lesions that often require surgical intervention.Laparo-scopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones.Preoperatively,the anatomical morphology of the cystic duct(CD),needs to be accurately recognized,especially when anatomical variations occur in the CD,which is otherwise prone to bile duct injury.However,at present,there is no optimal classification system for CD morphology applicable in clinical practice,and the relationship between anatomical variations in CDs and gallstones remains to be explored.AIM To create a more comprehensive clinically applicable classification of the morphology of CD and to explore the correlations between anatomic variants of CD and gallstones.METHODS A total of 300 patients were retrospectively enrolled from October 2021 to January 2022.The patients were divided into two groups:The gallstone group and the nongallstone group.Relevant clinical data and anatomical data of the CD based on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)were collected and analyzed to propose a morphological classification system of the CD and to explore its relationship with gallstones.Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analyses to identify the independent risk factors using variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.RESULTS Of the 300 patients enrolled in this study,200(66.7%)had gallstones.The mean age was 48.10±13.30 years,142(47.3%)were male,and 158(52.7%)were female.A total of 55.7%of the patients had a body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2.Based on the MRCP,the CD anatomical typology is divided into four types:Type I:Linear,type II:n-shaped,type III:S-shaped,and type IV:W-shaped.Univariate analysis revealed differences between the gallstone and nongallstone groups in relation to sex,BMI,cholesterol,triglycerides,morphology of CD,site of CD insertion into the extrahepatic bile duct,length of CD,and angle between the common hepatic duct and CD.According to the multivariate analysis,female,BMI(≥24 kg/m2),and CD morphology[n-shaped:Odds ratio(OR)=10.97,95%confidence interval(95%CI):5.22-23.07,P<0.001;S-shaped:OR=4.43,95%CI:1.64-11.95,P=0.003;W-shaped:OR=7.74,95%CI:1.88-31.78,P=0.005]were significantly associated with gallstones.CONCLUSION The present study details the morphological variation in the CD and confirms that CD tortuosity is an independent risk factor for gallstones.
文摘AIM:To investigate the use of multi-b-value diffusionweighted imaging in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 33 cases of pancreatic cancer and 12 cases of benign pancreatic tumors at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2008 to January2011.The demographic characteristics,clinical presentation,routine magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)features with different b values were reviewed.Continuous data were expressed as mean±SD.Comparisons between pancreatic cancer and benign pancreatic tumors were performed using the Student’s t test.A probability of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were identified.The mean age at diagnosis was 60±5.6 years.The male:female ratio was 21:12.Twenty cases were confirmed by surgical resection and 13 by biopsy of metastases.T1 weighted images demonstrated a pancreatic head mass in 16 patients,a pancreatic body mass in 10 cases,and a pancreatic tail mass with pancreatic atrophy in 7 cases.Eight patients had hepatic metastases,13 had invasion or envelopment of mesenteric vessels,4 had bone metastases,and 8had lymph node metastases.DWI demonstrated an irregular intense mass with unclear margins.Necrotic tissue demonstrated an uneven low signal.A b of 1100s/mm2was associated with a high intensity signal with poor anatomical delineation.A b of 700 s/mm2was associated with apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs)that were useful in distinguishing benign and malignant pancreatic tumors(P<0.05).b values of 50,350,400,450 and 1100 s/mm2were associated with ADCs that did not differentiate the two tumors.CONCLUSION:Low b value images demonstrated superior anatomical details when compared to high b value images.Tumor tissue definition was high and contrast with the surrounding tissues was good.DWI was useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.
基金the Yunnan provincial government(20080A007)the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,Kunming Institute of Botany(P2008-ZZ21 and T2009-KF05)。
文摘Aging is the major risk factor for many human diseases and degeneration.Thus,clinically effective medicine could delay the process of aging and aging-related diseases are desperately wanted.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),some were claimed to slow down aging.Qingyangshen(Cynanchum otophyllum schneid)is such a TCM.Here,we assayed the longevity effect of compound Otophylloside B(Ot B),a C-21 steroidal glycoside isolated from Qingyangshen,in Caenorhabditis elegans,which is a popular model for aging research.Our results showed that Ot B could modestly extend the lifespan of C.elegans,delay the age-related decline of body movement and improve the stress resistance.Further investigating the molecular mechanism of lifespan extension effect revealed that Ot B could activate the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16.Ot B could not further extend the lifespan of long-lived mutant of insulin/IGF-1-like receptor(daf-2).In addition,Ot B also requires SIR-2.1 and CLK-1 which is an enzyme in ubiquinone synthesis,for lifespan extension.
文摘On the basis of continuous improvement in recent years,radiofrequency therapy technology has been widely developed,and has become an effective method for the treatment of various intractable pain.Radiofrequency therapy is a technique that uses special equipment and puncture needles to output ultra-high frequency radio waves and accurately act on local tissues.In order to standardize the application of radiofrequency technology in the treatment of painful diseases,Chinese Association for the Study of Pain(CASP)has developed a consensus proposed by many domestic experts and scholars.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 81660399,81860423]the Innovative Research Team Project of Yunnan Province[grant number 2015HC033]+4 种基金the Yunnan Provincial Academician Workstation of Xiaoping Chen[grant number 2017IC018]the Breeding Program for Major Scientific and Technological Achievements of Kunming Medical University[grant number CGYP201607]the Medical Leading Talent Project of Yunnan Province[grant number L201622]Yunnan Provincial Clinical Center of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Diseases[no specific number]to L.W.Joint Fund for Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department-Kunming Medical University[Grant No.2018FE001(-227)]to D.M.L.
文摘Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are crucial to tumor metastasis,and they usually undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in order to disseminate from the primary tumor.However,very little is currently known about the relationship between EMT and malignant phenotypes of CTCs in the context of gastric cancer.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the contribution of EMT to malignant phenotypes of CTCs derived from gastric cancer cells.We xenografted MKN28 gastric cancer cells pretreated with transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGFβ-1)into nude mice by intravenous injection.Next,we isolated CTCs from the blood of nude mice by gradient centrifugation and found that CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1 had a significantly increased viability and invasion ability compared to MKN28 cells without TGFβ-1 treatment.Immunocytochemical staining showed lower expression of E-cadherin and higher expression of N-cadherin,vimentin,and β-catenin in CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1.Furthermore,the expression of Wnt3a,β-catenin,cyclin D1,and c-Myc was significantly higher in CTCs derived from MKN28 cells pretreated with TGFβ-1.Taken together,these findings suggest that TGFβ promotes EMT and malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells.Furthermore,the malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells induced by TGFβ are maintained in CTCs derived from these cells.Targeting EMT in CTCs is a new approach to the treatment of gastric cancer relapse and metastasis.
文摘Genome-wide association studies have found that rs17612742 increases the risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke.The rs17612742 was located in the intron region of Endothelin receptor type A(NRA),which was cellular and gender-heterogeneous.Functional genomics studies of rs17612742 were carried out through some public databases,and it was found that rs17612742 was located in the chromatin open region and promoted the expression of NRA.Compared with the control group,EDNRA expression increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion exposed rodents.However,age heterogeneity of EDNRA expression under physiological and pathological conditions was not observed.In addition,we also discussed how to conduct further empirical studies to provide evidence that rs17612742 confers the risk of large artery atherosclerotic stroke by increasing the expression of NRA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China,No.81601058(to WL)Basic Research and Frontier Science Exploration Foundation of Yuzhong District,Chongqing,China,No.20180106(to FFS)
文摘Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated by head-to-tail splicing and are ubiquitously expressed in all multicellular organisms. Their important biological functions are increasingly recognized. Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction is an initial stage of blood-brain barrier disruption. The expression profile and potential function of circRNAs in brain microvascular endothelial cells is unknown. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells were extracted and cultured in glucose-free medium for 4 hours with 5% CO2 and 95% N2, and the medium was then replaced with complete growth medium for 6 hours. The RNA in these cells was then extracted. The circRNA was identified by Find_circ and CIRI2 software. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of genes that were common to differentially expressed mRNAs and circRNA host genes was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery Functional Annotation Tool. Miranda software was used to predict microRNAs that were potentially sponged by circRNAs. Furthermore, cytoscape depicted the circR-NA-microRNA interaction network. The results showed that there were 1288 circRNAs in normal and oxygen-glucose deprived/recovered primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. There are 211 upregulated and 326 downregulated differentially expressed circRNAs. The host genes of these differentially expressed circRNAs overlapped with those of differentially expressed mRNAs. The shared genes were further studied by functional enrichment analyses, which revealed that circRNAs may contribute to calcium ion function and the cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (CAMP) dependent protein kinase (PKα) signaling pathway. Next, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to detect circRNA levels transcribed from the overlapping host genes. Eight out of the ten circRNAs with the highest fold-change identified by sequencing were successfully verified. Subsequently, the circRNA-microRNA interaction networks of these eight circRNAs were explored by bioinformatic analysis. These results demonstrate that altered circRNAs may be important in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and consequently may also be potential therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia diseases. All animal experiments were approved by the Chongqing Medical University Committee on Animal Research, China (approval No. CQMU20180086) on March 22, 2018.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.81271358+1 种基金Yunnan Science Foundation of ChinaNo.2013FZ199
文摘To determine the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined the micro RNA(mi RNA) expression profile in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury using mi RNA microarrays and bioinformatic tools to systematically analyze Gene Ontology(GO) function classifications, as well as the signaling pathways of genes targeted by these differentially expressed mi RNAs. Our results show significantly changed mi RNA expression profiles in the reperfusion period after focal cerebral ischemia, with a total of 15 mi RNAs up-regulated and 44 mi RNAs down-regulated. Target genes of these differentially expressed mi RNAs were mainly involved in metabolic and cellular processes, which were identified as hub nodes of a mi RNA-GO-network. The most correlated pathways included D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, the renin-angiotensin system, peroxisomes, the PPAR signaling pathway, SNARE interactions in vesicular transport, and the calcium signaling pathway. Our study suggests that mi RNAs play an important role in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Understanding mi RNA expression and function may shed light on the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Special Project,No.2012ZX10002010001009Self-Raised Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Health of Guangxi Province,No.Z2015621 and No.Z2014241Guangxi University of Science and Technology Research Fund,No.KY2015LX056
文摘AIM: To compare the efficacy of hepatic resection(HR) and transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) for patients with solitary huge(≥ 10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: Records were retrospectively analyzed of 247 patients with solitary huge HCC, comprising 180 treated by HR and 67 by TACE. Long-term overall survival(OS) was compared between the two groups using the Kaplan-Meier method, and independent predictors of survival were identified by multivariate analysis. These analyses were performed using all patients in both groups and/or 61 pairs of propensity score-matched patients from the two groups. RESULTS: OS at 5 years was significantly higher in the HR group than the TACE group, across all patients(P = 0.002) and across propensity score-matchedpairs(36.4% vs 18.2%, P = 0.039). The two groups showed similar postoperative mortality and morbidity. Multivariate analysis identified alpha-fetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/m L, presence of vascular invasion and TACE treatment as independent predictors of poor OS.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that HR can be safe and more effective than TACE for patients with solitary huge HCC.
文摘AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of 129 patients from the Department of Surgery and Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Sixty cases of normal gastric tissues were collected from gastrectomy specimens of adjacent gastric cancer margins greater than 5 cm. Patient diagnosis was established pathologically, and no patient had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. All tissue specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to investigate the expression of DLX2 in 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 60 adjacent normal tissues. The immunos-taining reaction was semiquantitatively evaluated based on the proportion of positive cells and the median staining intensity in normal gastric epithelial cells or tumor cells. All patients had follow-up records for more than 5 years. Correlations of DLX2 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS:The positive expression of DLX2 was detected in 68 (52.7%) cases of 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 14 (23.3%) cases of 60 adjacent normal tissues. The difference in DLX2 expression between gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues was statistically significant (Ⅹ2 = 14.391, P < 0.001). Moreover, high expression of DLX2 was detected in 48 (37.2%) cases of 129 human gastric cancer tissues, but not in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of DLX2 correlated with the size of tumor (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023) and tumor-node-metastasis stages (P = 0.020), but was not correlated with age, gender, histological differentiation and distant metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that survival time of patients with high DLX2 expression was significantly shorter than that with low DLX2 expression. However, the multivariate analysis showed that invasion depth (P < 0.001), lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.001) and distant metastasis (P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, but DLX2 expression, tumor location and tumor size were not. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that increased expression of DLX2 may correlate with the advanced stage of gastric adenocarcinoma, and it may contribute to tumor development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81360360 and No.81660399Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Major Surgical Diseases(2014)+5 种基金Innovation Research Team Project of Yunnan Institutions of Higher Education(2014)Innovation Research Team Project of Yunnan Province,No.2015HC033Yunnan Provincial Academician Workstation of Xiaoping Chen(2016)Breeding Program for Major Scientific and Technological Research Achievements of Kunming Medical University,No.CGPY201607the Medical Leading Talent Project of Yunnan Province(to Wang L)No.L201622
文摘AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) treatment for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Sixty-seven patients with intermediate-stage [Barcelona Clinic liver cancer stage B(BCLC-B)] HCC who were treated with sorafenib plus TACE or TACE alone between 2009 and 2011 were included in the study. Follow-up was until 2014 or patient death. Two groups were defined in the experiment: The experimental group, treated with sorafenib plus TACE, and the control group, treated with standard TACE alone.RESULTS The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median overall survival(m OS) of the experimental group was 35.2 mo, while that of the control group was 22.0 mo(P < 0.05). Sorafenib plus TACE showed higher incidence rates of rash, hand-foot syndrome(HFS), and hypertension(P < 0.05) than TACE treatment alone.CONCLUSION Sorafenib plus TACE treatment for BCLC-B HCC significantly prolonged the m OS of patients compared to TACE treatment alone. The most common toxicities with sorafenib were rash(31.6%), HFS(39.5%) and hypertension(31.6%), but there were no intolerable adverse events. The Cox multivariate analysis showed that the survival of patients with BCLC-B HCC depended on the Child-Pugh classification, tumor diameter, and treatment with sorafenib plus TACE compared to TACE alone.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(81671405,81370453)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan province(2013FA045,2015FB172)Open Funds of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Mcdica(LMM2016-1).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a major public health concern worldwide and the few drugs currently available only treat the symptoms.Hence,there is a strong need to find more effective anti-AD agents.Cynanchum otophyllum is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating epilepsy,and otophylloside B(Ot B),isolated from C.otophyllum,is the essential active component.Having previously identified anti-aging effects of Ot B,we evaluated Ot B for AD prevention in C.elegant models of AD and found that Ot B extended lifespan,increased heat stress-resistance,delayed body paralysis,and increased the chemotaxis response.Collectively,these results indicated thatOt B protects against Aβtoxicity.Further mechanistic studies revealed that Ot B decreased Aβdeposition by decreasing the expression of Aβat the mRNA level.Genetic analyses showed that Ot B mediated its effects by increasing the activity of heat shock transcription factor(HSF)by upregulating the expression of hsf-1 and its target genes,hsp-12.6,hsp-16.2 and hsp-70.Ot B also increased the expression of sod-3 by partially activating DAF-16,while SKN-1 was not essential in Ot B-mediated protection against Aβtoxicity.
基金The Project of Yunnan Provincial Health Department,No.2016NS260.
文摘BACKGROUND Urinary bladder haemangioma is a benign nonurothelial tumour that rarely occurs in paediatric and adolescent patients.Clinical and radiological examinations are not adequate for an accurate diagnosis.The purpose of this serial case report is to raise awareness of urinary bladder haemangioma and appropriate management.CASE SUMMARY We described two rare cases of urinary bladder haemangioma that were confirmed by histopathology followed by immunohistochemistry and reviewed the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease.The radical cystectomy was performed with open method surgery associated with an abdominal wall ostomy of the ileal outlet tract for case 1.Case 2 underwent a laparoscopic partial cystectomy.Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of urinary bladder haemangioma.Haematuria resolved postoperatively,and there was no evidence of tumour recurrence in 3 years follow-up for case 1.Postoperative urinary and pelvic ultrasonography showed no signs of recurrence in 3 mo follow-up for case 2.CONCLUSION Careful histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are required to establish the correct diagnosis.There is no“gold standard”treatment for urinary bladder haemangioma,and treatment options are varied for individuals with favourable follow-ups.
文摘Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of China (No. 30725040)
文摘This study examined the association of polymorphisms in angiotensinⅡreceptor genes(AT1R and AT2R) with the risk for aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA) in a Chinese Han population.Four polymorphisms including rs5182(573T/C) in exon 4,rs5186(1166A/C) in 3'-untranslated region(3'-UTR) in AT1R gene and rs5194(2274G/A) in 3'-UTR,rs1403543(1675G/A) in intron 1 in AT2R gene were detected in 148 APA patients and 192 normal subjects(serving as control) by using a MGB-Taqman probe.The distribution of genotypes of each locus was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium(HWE) in the APA and control groups(P0.05).The allele A frequency at rs5194 was significantly higher in the APA group(0.49) than in the control group(0.35)(χ2=12.08,P=0.001).Subjects with homozygotic genotype AA and heterozygotic genotype GA were at an increased risk for APA as compared to those with GG genotype(OR=2.66,95% CI=1.45-4.87;OR=1.67,95% CI=1.02-2.74).Furthermore,rs5194 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) at AT2R gene was significantly associated with APA in additive(OR=1.64,95% CI=1.21-2.20,P=0.001),dominant(OR=1.94,95% CI=1.23-3.06,P=0.003),and recessive model(OR=2.01,95% CI=1.17-3.45,P=0.01).It was concluded that rs5194 polymorphism at AT2R gene was associated with the risk for APA,which may constitute a genetic marker of APA.
基金Supported by the Talent Development Program of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,China,No.RCPYXM2017-3-04
文摘BACKGROUND Moonwort is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine. It has various pharmacological effects, such as relieving cough and preventing asthma. To date,multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis caused by moonwort poisoning have not been reported.CASE SUMMARY Here we report four cases of moonwort poisoning that presented with multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis accompanied by vomiting, fatigue, and muscle aches. One patient was an adult male, two were adult females, and one was a boy, with an age range of 7–64 years. The adults were treated with hemoperfusion and symptomatic therapies, while the child was treated with plasma exchange and symptomatic therapies. All four patients recovered.CONCLUSION Blood purification combined with symptomatic treatment may be an effective method for managing multiple organ dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis caused by acute moonwort poisoning.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone on systemic stress response in recovery period of gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods:A total of 86 patients who received laparoscopic operation in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between June 2014 and December 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone group (DO group) and control group (C group). Before anesthesia induction (T1), at the end of the surgery and before micro pump injection of dexmedetomidine and oxycodone hydrochloride (T2) and in recovery period (T3), serum levels of pituitary-target gland axis-related hormones, vascular activity-related hormones and oxidative stress-related molecules were determined.Results: At T1 and T2, serum TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, Cor, NE, E, ADH, AT-II, ROS, MDA, SOD and HO-1 levels of DO group were not significantly different from those of C group;at T3, serum TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, Cor, NE, E, ADH, AT-II, ROS and MDA levels of DO group were significantly lower than those of C group while SOD and HO-1 levels were significantly higher than those of C group.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone can inhibit the systemic stress response in recovery of gynecological laparoscopic operation.