The purpose of this study was to investigate how cyclic loading influenced the fracture toughness of hot-press lithium disilicate and zirconia core materials and whether there was an increase in the propensity for cro...The purpose of this study was to investigate how cyclic loading influenced the fracture toughness of hot-press lithium disilicate and zirconia core materials and whether there was an increase in the propensity for crown failure. Two types of all-ceramic crowns including the IPS e.max Press system （n=24） and the Lava zirconia system （n=24）, were selected. Sectioned specimens were subjected to cyclic loading with the maximum magnitude of 200 N （R=0.1） until two million cycles. The material properties including Young＇s modulus （E） and hardness （H） and the fracture toughness （K,c） of the core materials were evaluated using indentation methods （n= 12 each）. The load-bearing capacities of the specimens were examined by means of monotonic load to fracture （n=12 each）. It was found that the material properties, including E, Hand Knc, of the two types of dental ceramics, were reduced. Statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant influences of fatigue loading on material properties E and H for both types of dental ceramics or Kgc for zirconia, while for the IPS e.max Press core, K,c, which was parallel to the direction of the lithium disilicate crystals, was significantly reduced （P-0.001）. A conclusion was drawn that zirconia possesses high mechanical reliability and sustainable capacity to resist fatigue loading, while fatigue loading remarkably degraded the anisotropic mechanical behaviour of hot-press lithium disilicate ceramics.展开更多
In a recent paper published in Nature medicine,Wang,J.,et al.identified Siglec-15 as a new candidate responsible for adaptive immune resistance and a potential target for normalization cancer immunotherapy.1 Cancer ce...In a recent paper published in Nature medicine,Wang,J.,et al.identified Siglec-15 as a new candidate responsible for adaptive immune resistance and a potential target for normalization cancer immunotherapy.1 Cancer cells can develop various mechanisms to evade tumor-specific and non-specific attacks in the TME of solid tumors.2 Thus,systemic activation of immune systems or even increasing tumor-specific T cells in the peripheral does not necessarily lead to tumor regression.In fact,almost all the known strategies adopted by cancer for immune escape are also used for maintaining systemic homeostasis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11172161)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.10zr1423400)+3 种基金the Innovation Program of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.12ZZ092)the State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases(Sichuan University)(GrantSKLODSCU2009KF03)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(No.S30106)Instrumental Analysis and Research Centre at Shanghai University
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate how cyclic loading influenced the fracture toughness of hot-press lithium disilicate and zirconia core materials and whether there was an increase in the propensity for crown failure. Two types of all-ceramic crowns including the IPS e.max Press system （n=24） and the Lava zirconia system （n=24）, were selected. Sectioned specimens were subjected to cyclic loading with the maximum magnitude of 200 N （R=0.1） until two million cycles. The material properties including Young＇s modulus （E） and hardness （H） and the fracture toughness （K,c） of the core materials were evaluated using indentation methods （n= 12 each）. The load-bearing capacities of the specimens were examined by means of monotonic load to fracture （n=12 each）. It was found that the material properties, including E, Hand Knc, of the two types of dental ceramics, were reduced. Statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant influences of fatigue loading on material properties E and H for both types of dental ceramics or Kgc for zirconia, while for the IPS e.max Press core, K,c, which was parallel to the direction of the lithium disilicate crystals, was significantly reduced （P-0.001）. A conclusion was drawn that zirconia possesses high mechanical reliability and sustainable capacity to resist fatigue loading, while fatigue loading remarkably degraded the anisotropic mechanical behaviour of hot-press lithium disilicate ceramics.
文摘In a recent paper published in Nature medicine,Wang,J.,et al.identified Siglec-15 as a new candidate responsible for adaptive immune resistance and a potential target for normalization cancer immunotherapy.1 Cancer cells can develop various mechanisms to evade tumor-specific and non-specific attacks in the TME of solid tumors.2 Thus,systemic activation of immune systems or even increasing tumor-specific T cells in the peripheral does not necessarily lead to tumor regression.In fact,almost all the known strategies adopted by cancer for immune escape are also used for maintaining systemic homeostasis.
