Research progress for microRNA in the pathological mechanism of brain injury after stroke

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability.Despite extensive research,treatment for ischemic stroke is limited to thrombolytic therapy and symptom management.Identifying and testing new therapeutic targets is therefore critical for future clinical-ly viable stroke therapies.Noncoding RNAs,especially microRNAs(miRNAs),are one of many classes of mole-cules that cause functional changes before,during,and af-ter ischemic stroke.Current research finds that expression levels of many miRNAs are altered in the blood and brain of rodents and humans after stroke.In addition,miRNA can be regulated by external factors to improve functional outcomes after ischemic stroke.In certain studies,induction of ischemic tolerance by preconditioning(PC)also altered the levels of many miRNAs.This review focuses on miRNAs that modulate stroke-related risk factors and pathologic mechanisms of post-stroke brain injury.

Real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins versus statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in China(RWE-PCSK study)

BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK-9) inhibitors were confirmed by several clinical trials, but its effectiveness in routine clinical practice in China has not been evaluated. This study aims to describe the real world effectiveness of PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins compared with statins-based therapy among patients with very high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).METHODS This is a multi-center observational study, enrolled patients from 32 hospitals who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from January to June in 2019. There are 453 patients treated with PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 2,610 patients treated with statins-based lipid lowering therapies in statins-based group. The lipid control rate and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) over six months were compared between two groups.A propensity score-matched(PSM) analysis was used to balance two groups on confounding factors. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier methods was applied for MACE.RESULTS In a total of 3,063 patients, 89.91% of patients had received moderate or high-intensity statins-based therapy before PCI, but only 9.47% of patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels below 1.4 mmol/L at baseline. In the PSM selected patients, LDL-C level was reduced by 42.57% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 30.81%(P < 0.001) in statins-based group after six months. The proportion of LDL-C ≤ 1.0 mmol/L increased from 5.29% to 29.26% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 0.23% to 6.11% in statins-based group, and the proportion of LDL-C ≤ 1.4 mmol/L increased from 10.36% to 47.69% in PCSK-9 inhibitor group and 2.99% to 18.43% in statins-based group(P < 0.001 for both). There was no significant difference between PCSK-9 inhibitor and statins-based treatment in reducing the risk of MACE(hazard ratio = 2.52, 95% CI: 0.49-12.97, P = 0.250).CONCLUSIONS In the real world, PCSK-9 inhibitors combined with statins could significantly reduce LDL-C levels among patients with very high risk of ASCVD in China. The long-term clinical benefits for patients received PCSK-9 inhibitor to reduce the risk of MACE is still unclear and requires further study.

Application of a rapid exchange extension catheter technique in type

BACKGROUND In transradial intervention procedures,poor back-up support and noncoaxial alignment of the guide catheter(GC)may result in failure of the balloon or stent to reach the targeted lesion.Methods to provide extra back-up support using the original GC and wire can improve procedural success with reduced complications.A rapid exchange guide extension catheter provides convenient and efficient back-up support while preserving the initial GC and inserted wire.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rapid exchange extension catheter in the treatment of type B2/C nonocclusive coronary lesions via the radial access.METHODS A total of 135 patients with type B2/C nonocclusive lesions who were treated via the transradial approach were enrolled in the study.The clinical characteristics,indications for use of the rapid exchange extension catheter,and procedural details and results were reviewed and analyzed.All procedure-related complications and major adverse cardiovascular events were recorded during the in-hospital stay and follow-up period.RESULTS The most common indication for the use of a rapid exchange extension catheter was vascular tortuosity(37.8%),followed by heavy calcification(28.9%),long lesions(20.0%),proximal stent(6.7%),in-stent restenosis(5.2%),and coronary origin anomalies(1.5%).The following technologies failed in passing targeted lesions before delivering the rapid exchange catheter:Multiple predilatation technique(57%),buddy wire technique(33.4%),balloon anchoring technique (5.9%), and cutting balloon modification (3.7%). The mean depth of the extensioncatheter intubation was 20.56 ± 13.05 mm, and the mean rapid exchange catheterservice time was 18.9 ± 9.7 min. The mean length and diameter of stents were 33.5± 14.4 mm and 2.75 ± 0.45 mm, respectively. The total rate of technique success(balloon or stent successful crossing of the target lesion with this technique) was94.8%.CONCLUSIONThe rapid exchange extension catheter technique showed acceptable safety andefficacy in the transradial coronary interventions of type B2/C nonocclusivecoronary lesions. We recommend this technique to assist in complex lesionintervention via radial access.

Advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of cognitive dysfunction after radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is an important part of the comprehensive treatment of brain tumors and one of the most effective treatment methods.However,brain inju-ry is a serious complication.In regards to long-term brain injury caused by radiation therapy,cognitive dysfunction is the most common and serious.As the treatment of brain tumors improves,the survival time of patients with malig-nant brain tumors is significantly prolonged and the prob-ability of cognitive dysfunction after radiation therapy is increased.Eliminating the delayed side effects caused by radiation therapy will significantly improve the quality of life of patients with malignant brain tumor and reduce the social burden.Therefore,the study of the pathogene-sis and treatment of cognitive dysfunction after radiation therapy is of great significance.This review focuses on the pathogenesis and treatment of cognitive dysfunction after radiation therapy.

Long noncoding RNA protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3 regulated high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy through targeting miR-139-3p

BACKGROUND Podocyte apoptosis plays a vital role in proteinuria pathogenesis in diabetic nephropathy(DN).The regulatory relationship between long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)and podocyte apoptosis has recently become another research hot spot in the DN field.AIM To investigate whether lncRNA protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3(Pdia3)could regulate podocyte apoptosis through miR-139-3p and revealed the underlying mechanism.METHODS Using normal glucose or high glucose(HG)-cultured podocytes,the cellular functions and exact mechanisms underlying the regulatory effects of lncRNA Pdia3 on podocyte apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)were explored.LncRNA Pdia3 and miR-139-3p expression were measured through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Relative cell viability was detected through the cell counting kit-8 colorimetric assay.The podocyte apoptosis rate in each group was measured through flow cytometry.The interaction between lncRNA Pdia3 and miR-139-3p was examined through the dual luciferase reporter assay.Finally,western blotting was performed to detect the effect of lncRNA Pdia3 on podocyte apoptosis and ERS via miR-139-3p.RESULTS The expression of lncRNA Pdia3 was significantly downregulated in HG-cultured podocytes.Next,lncRNA Pdia3 was involved in HG-induced podocyte apoptosis.Furthermore,the dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed the direct interaction between lncRNA Pdia3 and miR-139-3p.LncRNA Pdia3 overexpression attenuated podocyte apoptosis and ERS through miR-139-3p in HG-cultured podocytes.CONCLUSION Taken together,this study demonstrated that lncRNA Pdia3 overexpression could attenuate HG-induced podocyte apoptosis and ERS by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-139-3p,which might provide a potential therapeutic target for DN.

Neuroprotective effect of ischemic postconditioning on sciatic nerve transection

Ischemic preconditioning or postconditioning has been shown to have neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia, but it has not been studied in peripheral nerve injury. In this study, a rat model of sciatic nerve transection was established, and subjected to three cycles of ischemia for 10 minutes ＋ reperfusion for 10 minutes, once a day. After ischemic postconditioning, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 expression increased; sciatic nerve Schwann cell myelination increased; sensory function and motor function were restored. These findings indicate that ischemic postconditioning can effectively protect injured sciatic nerve. The protective effect is possibly associated with upregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1.

Correlation analysis of carotid intima media thickness and function in patients with H-type hypertension and acute cerebral infarction

Objective:To explore the correlation of carotid intima media thickness with function in patients with H-type hypertension and acute cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 150 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted in our hospital from June, 2016 to June, 2017 were included in the study and divided into H-type hypertension group (H-type hypertension merged with acute cerebral infarction, Hcy≥10 μmol/L), non-H-type hypertension group (non- H-type hypertension merged with acute cerebral infarction, Hcy≥10 μmol/L), and the control group (no hypertension but with acute cerebral infarction) according to Hcy level and whether being suffered from hypertension or not with 50 cases in each group. Moreover, 50 healthy individuals who came for physical examinations were served as the healthy group. The morning fasting peripheral venous blood was collected at physical examination time for patients in the healthy group and after admission for patients with acute cerebral infarction. Hcy, sICAM-1, MCP-1, and YKL-40 were detected. The color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus was used to detect IMT, distensibility, and stiffness. Results: Hcy, MCP-1, sICAM-1, and YKL-40 levels in H-type hypertension group, non-H-type hypertension group, and the control group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group. Hcy, MCP-1, sICAM-1, and YKL-40 levels in H-type hypertension group and non-H-type hypertension group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Hcy, MCP-1, sICAM-1, and YKL-40 levels in H-type hypertension group were significantly higher than those in non-H-type hypertension group. IMT and stiffness in H-type hypertension group, non-H-type hypertension group, and the control group were significantly greater than those in the healthy group, while distensibility was significantly less than that in the healthy group. IMT and stiffness in H-type hypertension group and non-H-type hypertension group were significantly greater than those in the control group, while distensibility was significantly less than that in the control group. IMT and stiffness in H-type hypertension group were significantly greater than those in non-H-type hypertension group, while distensibility was significantly less than that in non-H-type hypertension group.Conclusions: Hcy can directly affect carotid AS, increase carotid IMT, and promote the occurrence of hypertension merged with acute cerebral infarction;therefore, positive monitoring of serum Hcy level and IMT thickness in patients with hypertension and acute cerebral infarction and early intervention are of great significance in reducing the occurrence of carotid AS, delaying the progression of carotid AS, and preventing hypertension and acute cerebral infarction.

Effect of continuous nursing on rehabilitation of older patients with joint replacement after discharge

BACKGROUND Joint replacement is a common treatment for older patients with high incidences of hip joint diseases.However,postoperative recovery is slow and complications are common,which reduces surgical effectiveness.Therefore,patients require long-term,high-quality,and effective nursing interventions to promote rehabilitation.Continuity of care has been used successfully in other diseases;however,little research has been conducted on older patients who have undergone hip replacement.AIM To explore the clinical effect of continuous nursing on rehabilitation after discharge of older individuals who have undergone joint replacement.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 113 elderly patients.Patients receiving routine nursing were included in the convention group(n=60),and those receiving continuous nursing,according to various methods,were included in the continuation group(n=53).Harris score,short form 36(SF-36)score,complication rate,and readmission rate were compared between the convention and continuation groups.RESULTS After discharge,Harris and SF-36 scores of the continuation group were higher than those of the convention group.The Harris and SF-36 scores of the two groups showed an increasing trend with time,and there was an interaction effect between group and time(Harris score:F_(intergroup effect)=376.500,F_(time effect)=20.090,Finteraction effect=4.824;SF-36 score:F_(intergroup effect)=236.200,Ftime effect=16.710,Finteraction effect=5.584;all P<0.05).Furthermore,the total complication and readmission rates in the continuation group were lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Continuous nursing could significantly improve hip function and quality of life in older patients after joint replacement and reduce the incidence of complications and readmission rates.

A Retrospective Survival Analysis of Anatomic and Prognostic Stage Group Based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th Edition Cancer Staging Manual in Luminal B Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-negative Breast Cancer

Background： Current understanding of tumor biology suggests that breast cancer is a group of diseases with different intrinsic molecular subtypes. Anatomic staging system alone is insufficient to provide future outcome information. The American Joint Committee on Cancer （AJCC） expert panel updated the 8th edition of the staging manual with prognostic stage groups by incorporating biomarkers into the anatomic stage groups. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the data from our center in China using the anatomic and prognostic staging system based on the AJCC 8th edition staging manual. Methods： We reviewed the data from January 2008 to December 2014 for cases with Luminal B Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 （HER2）-negative breast cancer in our center. All cases were restaged using the AJCC 8th edition anatomic and prognostic staging system. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the survival differences between different subgroups. SPSS software version 19.0 （IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA） was used for the statistical analyses. Results： This study consisted of 796 patients with Luminal B HER-negative breast cancer. The 5-year disease-free survival （DFS） of 769 Stage I-III patients was 89.7%, and the 5-year overall survival （OS） of all 796 patients was 91.7%. Both 5-year DFS and 5-year OS were significantly different in the different anatomic and prognostic stage groups, There were 372 cases （46.7%） assigned to a different group. The prognostic Stage II and III patients restaged from anatomic Stage III had significant differences in 5-year DFS （v2 = 11.319; P = 0.001） and 5-year OS （χ2 = 5.225, P = 0.022）. In addition, cases restaged as prognostic Stage I, II, or III from the anatomic Stage II group had statistically significant differences in 5-year DFS （χ2 = 6.510, P = 0.039） but no significant differences in 5-year OS （χ2 = 5.087, P = 0.079）. However, the restaged prognostic Stage I and II cases from anatomic Stage I had no statistically significant differences in either 5-year DFS （χ2 = 0.440, P = 0.507） or 5-year OS （χ2= 1.530, P = 0.216）. Conclusions： The prognostic staging system proposed in the AJCC 8th edition refines the anatomic stage group in Luminal B HER2-negative breast cancer and will lead to a more personalized approach to breast cancer treatment.

Canagliflozin Regulates Ferroptosis, Potentially via Activating AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 Signaling in HFpEF Rats

Aims:Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitors have been found to ameliorate major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF),but the exact mechanism is unknown.Ferroptosis is a form of programmed necrosis.Herein,we verified that canagliflozin(CANA)ameliorates heart function in HFpEF rats,partly by regulating ferroptosis,which may be activated by AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling.Methods:An HFpEF model was established and subjected to CANA treatment.Blood pressure was monitored,and echocardiography was performed at the 12th week.Pathological examination was performed,and expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins and AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling related proteins was detected.Results:CANA had an antihypertensive effect and increased E/A ratios in HFpEF rats.Myocardial pathology was ameliorated,on the basis of decreased cross-sectional area and intercellular fibrosis.Acyl-CoA synthetase longchain family member 4(ACSL4)expression increased,whereas ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1)expression decreased in HFpEF rats,which showed iron overload.CANA reversed changes in ACSL4 and FTH1,and decreased iron accumulation,but did not alter glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)expression.The expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling related proteins and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1)in the HFpEF group decreased but was reverted after CANA treatment.Conclusions:CANA regulates ferroptosis,potentially via activating AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling in HFpEF rats.

Electroacupuncture stimulating Neixiyan(EX-LE5)and Dubi(ST35)alleviates osteoarthritis in rats induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction via affecting DNA methylation regulated transcription of miR-146a and miR-140-5p

OBJECTIVE:To explore whether electroacupuncture(EA could alleviate osteoarthritis(OA)through affecting the DNA methylation regulated transcription of miR-146a and mi R-140-5p.METHODS:Sixty male eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups:normal group(normal healthy rats;no treatment),model group(OA rats;no treatment)and EA group(OA rats treated with EA).Safranin O staining and modified Mankin’s score were performed to evaluate the histopathological alterations and degeneration of cartilage 8 weeks after 8 consecutive weeks of treatment.Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qR T-PCR)assay was employed to evaluate the expression of miR-146a in the cartilage tissue and miR-140-5p in the synovium tissue,respectively.The bisulfite sequencing analysis and quantitative methylation specific PCR(qMSP)were used to analyze the status of methylation in the regulatory regions of miR-146a and miR-140-5p.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assay were performed to assess the binding of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(SMAD-3)in the regulatory regions of miR-146a and miR-140-5p.Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expressions of DNA Methyltransferase 1(DMNT1),DNA Methyltransferase 3A(DMNT3A),and DNA Methyltransferase 3A(DMNT3b),NF-κB,SMAD3 levels.RESULTS:Our results showed that EA treatment significantly upregulated miR-146a and miR-140-5p expressions.qMSP analysis showed that EA significantly decreased methylation levels of miR-140-5p regulated region and miR-146a promoter in OA cartilage and synovium.Bisulfite DNA sequencing(BDS)and ChI P analysis showed that EA significantly increased binding affinity of SMAD3 and NF-kB on the hypermethylated miR-140 regulatory region and miR-146a promoter,respectively.Western Blot analysis demonstrated that EA also significantly decreased expressions of methylation related proteins-DMNT1,DMNT3a,and DMNT3b as well as NF-κB and SMAD3.CONCLUSIONS:Electroacupuncture stimulating Neixiyan(EX-LE5)and Dubi(ST35)may alleviate OA via affecting the DNA methylation regulated transcription of miR-146a and miR-140-5p.

振腹对幼龄厌食模型大鼠外周血中胃肠激素及胃肠动力的影响

目的:观察振腹对厌食症模型大鼠的治疗作用及对其外周血中八肽胆囊收缩素(CCK-8)和胃动素(MTL)含量的影响。方法:按照随机数字表法将40只幼龄大鼠进行分组,分为正常组10只和造模组30只。正常组给予普通饲料喂食。造模组采用病因模拟法构建厌食症模型,造模3周后将其随机分为药物组、振腹组和模型组,每组10只。药物组按0.72 g/(kg·bw)剂量给予健胃消食片灌胃(将0.72 g药物用纯水配制成10 mL药液);正常组和模型组每天上午灌服等体积纯水1次;振腹组予以振腹治疗,每日1次,共治疗21次。检测各组大鼠体质量、摄食量、外周血CCK-8、MTL、胃泌素(GAS)及神经降压素(NT)的含量和小肠推进率。结果:与模型组相比,振腹组与药物组的体质量和摄食量、血清MTL及GAS含量和小肠推进率明显提高,血浆CCK-8、NT含量及胃残留率降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);但振腹组与药物组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:振腹可增加厌食症模型大鼠的进食量和体质量,减少胃内容物的残留,提高小肠推进率,对厌食症具有较好的治疗作用。其作用机理可能与抑制血浆CCK-8和NT分泌,促进血清MTL和GAS释放有关。

Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Exacerbation of Allergic Asthma via Activation of T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain 1

Background： Fine particulate matter （PM2.5） exacerbates airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in patients with asthma, but the mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of prolonged exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 on the pathology and airway hyperresponsiveness （AHR） of BALB/c mice undergoing sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin （OVA） and to observe the effects of apoptosis and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 （TIM-1） in this process. Methods： Forty female BALB/c mice were divided into four groups： control group, OVA group, OVA/PM group, and PM group （n - 10 in each group）. Mice in the control group were exposed to filtered clean air. Mice in the OVA group were sensitized and challenged with OVA. Mice in the OVA/PM group were sensitized and challenged as in the OVA group and then exposed to PM2.5 for 4 h per day and 5 days per week for a total of 8 weeks using a nose-only ＂PM2.5 online enrichment system＂ in The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Mice in the PM group were exposed to the PM2.5 online enrichment system only. AHR was detected. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） was collected for cell classification. The levels of interleukin-4 （IL-4）, IL-5, and IL-33 in BALF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in histological structures were examined by light microscopy, and changes in ultramicrostructures were detected by electron microscopy. Apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling （TUNEL） assay in the lung tissues. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were utilized to analyze the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and TIM-1 in the lungs. Results： The results showed that AHR in the OVA/PM group was significantly more severe than that in the OVA and PM groups （P 〈 0.05）. AHR in the PM group was also considerably more severe than that in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. The BALF of OVA/PM group （28.00± 6.08 vs. 12.33 ±4.51, t = 4.631, P = 0.002） and PM group （29.00 ± 3.00 vs. 12.33 ± 4.51, t = 4.927, P = 0.001） had more lymphocytes than the BALF of the control group. The number of neutrophils in the BALF of the OVA/PM group （6.67 ± 1.53 vs. 3.33 ± 1.53, t = 2.886, P = 0.020） and PM group （6.67 ± 1.53 vs. 3.33 ± 1.53, t = 2.886, P = 0.020） was much higher than those in the BALF of OVA group （P 〈 0.05）. TUNEL assays showed that the number of apoptotic cells in the OVA/PM group was significantly higher than that in the OVA group （Tunel immunohistochemical scores [IHS%], 1.20 ± 0.18 vs. 0.51 ± 0.03, t = 8.094, P 〈 0.001） and PM group （Tunel IHS%, 1.20 ± 0.18 vs. 0.51 ±0.09, t = 8.094, P〈 0.001）, and that the number of apoptotic cells in the PM group was significantly higher than that in the control group （Tunel IHS%, 0.51 ± 0.09 vs. 0.26 ± 0.03, t = 2.894, P = 0.020）. The concentrations of IL-4 （77.44 ± 11.19 vs. 48.02 ±10.02 pg/ml, t = 4.595, P= 0.002） and IL-5 （15.65 ± 1.19vs. 12.35±0.95pg/ml, t=3.806,P=0.005） and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio （1.51 ± 0.18 vs. 0.48 ± 0.10, t = 9.654, P 〈 0.001） and TIM-1/β-actin ratio （0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.40 ±0.06, t = 6.818, P 〈 0.001） in the OVA/PM group were increased compared to those in the OVA group. The concentrations of IL-4 （77.44 ± 11.19 vs. 41.47 ± 3.40 pg/ml, t = 5.617, P= 0.001） and IL-5 （ 15.65±1. 19 vs. 10.99 ± 1.40 pg/ml, t = 5.374, P = 0.001 ） and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio （1.51 ±0.18 vs. 0.97 ± 0.16, t = 5.000, P = 0.001） and TIM-1/β-actin ratio （0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.31 ± 0.06,t = 8.545, P 〈 0.001 ） in the OVA/PM group were increased compared to those in the PM group. The concentration oflL-4 （41.47 ±3.40 vs. 25.46 ± 2.98 pg/ml, t = 2.501, P = 0.037） and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio （0.97 ± 0.16 vs. 0.18 ± 0.03, t = 7.439, P 〈 0.001） and TIM-1/β-actin ratio （0.31 ± 0.06 vs. 0.02 ± 0.01, t = 5.109, P = 0.001） in the PM group were also higher than those in the control group. Conclusions： Exacerbated AHR associated with allergic asthma caused by PMz5 is related to increased apoptosis and TIM-1 activation. These data might provide insights into therapeutic targets for the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma induced by PM2.5.

推拿加奥拉西坦对轻度血管性痴呆患者血清炎性因子及氧化应激的影响

目的观察推拿联合奥拉西坦治疗轻度血管性痴呆(VD)的临床疗效并探索其潜在机制。方法将96例轻度血管性痴呆患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组47例,对照组49例。对照组给予口服奥拉西坦胶囊治疗;观察组在对照组的基础上加用推拿治疗。治疗前后使用简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评价患者认知能力,使用日常生活活动(ADL)量表评价患者日常生活能力,并监测血清炎性因子及氧化应激指标的变化。结果治疗后,对照组及观察组患者血清丙二醛(MDA)含量均降低(P<0.05),观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量均升高(P<0.05),观察组含量均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组血清白细胞介素(IL)-1、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、IL-6和IL-8含量均降低(P<0.05),观察组含量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者大脑中动脉收缩期血流速度(Vs)、平均血流速度(Vm)水平升高,搏动指数(PI)降低,组内治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组Vs及Vm水平高于对照组,PI低于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组MMSE及ADL评分均明显升高(P<0.05),观察组评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论推拿联合奥拉西坦治疗可改善轻度VD患者的脑部血液供应,提高其日常生活能力和认知能力;其机制可能与减轻氧化应激损伤及炎症反应有关。