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戊二醛作为棉织物免烫整理剂的评价 被引量:2
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作者 朱平 Charles Q.Yang 《印染助剂》 CAS 2005年第9期7-10,共4页
研究了戊二醛作为免烫整理剂的最佳工艺条件,详细考察了戊二醛的用量、催化剂种类及用量、pH值和焙烘条件对整理织物性能的影响,并与低甲醛改性2D树脂及无甲醛整理剂进行了对比,证明戊二醛可作为免烫整理剂,整理后织物的各项指标满足服... 研究了戊二醛作为免烫整理剂的最佳工艺条件,详细考察了戊二醛的用量、催化剂种类及用量、pH值和焙烘条件对整理织物性能的影响,并与低甲醛改性2D树脂及无甲醛整理剂进行了对比,证明戊二醛可作为免烫整理剂,整理后织物的各项指标满足服用要求,是一种较好的无甲醛免烫整理剂. 展开更多
关键词 戊二醛 免烫整理 无甲醛整理剂 低甲醛整理剂
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Microencapsulation of immunoglobulin Y: optimization with response surface morphology and controlled release during simulated gastrointestinal digestion 被引量:3
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作者 Jin ZHANG Huan-huan LI +7 位作者 Yi-fan CHEN Li-hong CHEN Hong-gang TANG Fan-bin KONG Yun-xin YAO Xu-ming LIU Qian LAN Xiao-fan YU 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第8期611-627,共17页
Immunoglobulin Y(Ig Y)is an effective orally administered antibody used to protect against various intestinal pathogens,but which cannot tolerate the acidic gastric environment.In this study,Ig Y was microencapsulated... Immunoglobulin Y(Ig Y)is an effective orally administered antibody used to protect against various intestinal pathogens,but which cannot tolerate the acidic gastric environment.In this study,Ig Y was microencapsulated by alginate(ALG)and coated with chitooligosaccharide(COS).A response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation,and a simulated gastrointestinal(GI)digestion(SGID)system to evaluate the controlled release of microencapsulated Ig Y.The microcapsule formulation was optimized as an ALG concentration of 1.56%(15.6 g/L),COS level of 0.61%(6.1 g/L),and Ig Y/ALG ratio of 62.44%(mass ratio).The microcapsules prepared following this formulation had an encapsulation efficiency of 65.19%,a loading capacity of 33.75%,and an average particle size of 588.75μm.Under this optimum formulation,the coating of COS provided a less porous and more continuous microstructure by filling the cracks on the surface,and thus the GI release rate of encapsulated Ig Y was significantly reduced.The release of encapsulated Ig Y during simulated gastric and intestinal digestion well fitted the zero-order and first-order kinetics functions,respectively.The microcapsule also allowed the Ig Y to retain 84.37%immune-activity after 4 h simulated GI digestion,significantly higher than that for unprotected Ig Y(5.33%).This approach could provide an efficient way to preserve Ig Y and improve its performance in the GI tract. 展开更多
关键词 Immunoglobulin Y(IgY) MICROENCAPSULATION Chitooligosaccharide(COS) Response surface methodology(RSM) Controlled release Simulated gastrointestinal digestion(SGID)
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Do black-furred animals compensate for high solar absorption with smaller hairs? A test with a polymorphic squirrel species
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作者 Melanie A. FRATTO Andrew K. DAVIS 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期731-736,共6页
In polymorphic mammalian species that display multiple color forms, those with dark, or melanic pelage would be prone to overheating, especially if they live in warm climates, because their fur absorbs solar energy at... In polymorphic mammalian species that display multiple color forms, those with dark, or melanic pelage would be prone to overheating, especially if they live in warm climates, because their fur absorbs solar energy at a higher rate. However, experimental studies indicate that certain physical properties of fur of dark individuals appear to prevent, or minimize heat stress, although it is not clear what properties do so. Here, we tested the possibility that black-furred individuals simply have shorter or thinner hair fibers, which would create a lighter (in terms of weight) coat or one that allows greater air flow for evaporative coo- ling. We examined museum specimens of eastern fox squirrels Sciurus niger, a species native to the United States and one that displays brown, grey or all-black pelage color, and used image analysis procedures to quantify hairs from the dorsal surface and tail. From examination of 43 specimens (19 brown, 9 black and 15 grey), and 1,720 hairs, we found no significant difference in hair lengths across color morphs, but significant differences in hair fiber widths. Black squirrels had thinner body hairs than other forms (7% thinner), but thicker tail hairs (9% thicker) than the others. Given that the dorsal surface would be directly exposed to solar radiation, we interpret this to be an adaptation to prevent heat stress during the day. The thicker tail hairs may be an adapta- tion for nighttime thermoregulation, since squirrels sleep with their tails wrapped around their bodies. These results add to a growing literature body of the functional significance of mammalian pelage [Current Zoology 57 (6): 731-736, 2011]. 展开更多
关键词 Polymorphism MELANISM Fox squirrels Sciurus niger Heat stress Hair morphology
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