电子竞技赛事运作流程研究——以英雄联盟职业联赛(LPL)为例

电子竞技是一种基于信息技术平台的新型体育项目。2003 年被国家体育总局列为第 99 个体育项目,正式拉开了电子竞技在中国发展的序幕。经过 18 年的发展,中国的电子竞技产业已经初具规模,参赛团体众多,电子竞技赛事更加频繁,市场发展潜力巨大。本文以中国英雄联盟职业联赛 ( 下称 LPL) 为研究对象,运用文献资料法和数理统计法,梳理了其发展历程,对其现状进行了综合分析和研究,并在此基础上构建了电子竞技赛事运营流程模型。目的:确保电子竞技赛事在水平、规模和目标变化中的导向作用,帮助赛事实现预期的目标。

惰性微孔聚四氟乙烯引导神经再生的远期效果

采用微孔聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）管引导大鼠坐骨神经再生模型，综合评价该技术的远期效果．方法：36只Wistar大鼠随机分为2组，切断右侧坐骨神经：①对照组（n一18）：采用经典的外膜缝合法修复；②PTFE实验组（n一18）：以直径 2 mm PTFE管套接修复．术后 6及 9 mo进行电生理学检查、测量胖肠肌重量恢复率（GWR）、观察再生神经形态并行图像分析．结果：术后 6 mo，PTFE管内再生神经粗细均匀，无沙漏状改变；对照组神经传导速度（NCV）恢复率6O． 86％， PTFE组 54 36％（P＞ O． OS）；对照组 GWR为SO．89％，PTFE组 46． 11％（P＞O．OS）．术后 9 mo，对照组NCV恢复率65 99％，试验组58 79％（P＞O．OS）；对照组GWR为52．56％，试验组47 89％（P＞o．o5）．再生神经纤维形态正常，无受压征象．结论：综合以上结果和图像分析，认为PTFE修复神经后，再生纤维可以在免受压迫、有利神经营养、神经趋化因子发挥作用的微环境下逐渐成熟，其形态、功能等特性不逊于经典的外膜修复法．

Numerical simulation of the sedimentation of cylindrical pollutant particles in fluid

The sedimentation of cylindrical pollutant particles which fall through a fluid is investigated. Differing from previous research work, particle oscillation and effect of particle on the fluid are considered, and the torque exerted on a particle when viscous fluid flow around a particle is got through experiment and included in the numerical simulation. The computational results showed that the sedimentation velocities of particle increase slowly with the increase of particle aspect ratio . For disk like particle, when the motion direction of particle is parallel to axis of particle, particle falls more slowly than the case of perpendicular to axis of particle; while for rod like particle, it is inverse. For sedimentation of a crowd of high frequency oscillating cylindrical particles with arbitrary initial orientation, both vertical velocity and horizontal velocity oscillate dramatically, the degree of oscillation of the former is stronger than the later. A crowd of particles fall more quickly than an isolated particle. Particles tend to strongly align in the direction of gravity. The computational results agreed well with the experimental ones and helpful for controlling of pollutant particles.

Sedimentation of a single particle between two parallel walls

The sedimentation of a single circular particle between two parallel walls was studied by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experiment. The improved implementation of distributed Lagrange multiplier/fictitious domain method used in our DNS is a promising new way for simulation of particulate flows. The settling behaviors of the particle are presented ranging in Reynolds number from 0 to about 700, which showed that our results for low Reynolds numbers agreed well with that reported before. Nevertheless, for higher Reynolds numbers our results were different from theirs. The long-term mean equilibrium positions in our results were all on the centerline, but not at off-center position as reported before. In order to validate our simulation, experiments were also conducted. The results showed that the sedimenting behavior simulated in this paper agreed well with our experiment result.

中国畜牧业农户散养的发展和趋势

由于畜牧业农户散养在中国畜牧业生产中占据极其重要的位置，了解畜牧业农户散养在中国的发展趋势对研究中国饲料粮市场有重要意义。根据在几个地区的农户抽样调查数据，本文研究了畜牧业的农户散养规模、饲料构成、饲料来源和饲养效率。文章最后总结了研究发现的政策含义。

国际农产品贸易改革以及对中国饲料粮需求的影响

由于中国畜产品产量的快速增长以及国内饲料粮供给能力的制约，在更广泛的国际背景下来讨论中国饲料粮的国际贸易显得十分必要。尤其是中国入世后，国际市场以及国际贸易规则的变化对中国饲料粮市场的影响将越来越明显。借助于GTAP模型，本文模拟了不同贸易政策方案下世界饲料粮市场的变化以及中国饲料粮需求的变化。研究结果显示，入世后中国将由农产品净出口国变为净进口国，但就饲料粮的贸易量来讲，其在国内贸易量和国际贸易量中的份额仍相对较低。如果世界主要发达国家能取消现存的贸易扭曲政策，中国在畜产品和粗粮的竞争优势会加强。文章在最后对研究结果的政策含义进行了讨论。

Direct numerical simulation of the motion of circular pollutant particles in Newtonian fluid

An improved implementation of distributed multiplier/fictitious domain method is presented for the direct numerical simulation of particulate flow. The key improvement is to replace a finite element triangulation for the velocity and a “twice coarser' triangulation for the pressure with a rectangular discretization for the velocity and pressure. For code validation, the sedimentation of a single particle in a two dimensional channel was simulated. The results showed that the simulation is independent of the mesh size as well as the time step. The comparison between experimental data and this simulation showed that our code can give a more accurate simulation on the motion of particles than previous DLM code. The code was then applied to simulate the sedimentation of 600 particles in a rectangular box. The falling course is presented and discussed. At the same time, this simulation also demonstrates that the method presented in this paper can be used for solving the initial problems involving a lager number of particles exactly with computing durations kept at acceptable levels.

复合材料损伤阻抗和损伤容限的性能表征

复合材料结构的设计要求和使用经验提出了复合材料体系损伤阻抗和损伤容限性能表征的需求。在试验研究的基础上，指出长期以来一直使用的CAI(冲击后压缩强度)的物理意义比较含混，不能正确指导材料研究和设计选材，同时提出应分别用典型层压板静压痕力—凹坑深度曲线的最大压痕力Fmax来表征损伤阻抗能性能，用凹坑深度～压缩破坏应变曲线门槛值CAIT(Compression failure strain After Impact Threshold)来表征损伤容限性能，同时给出了测试方法的建议。

SEDIMENTATION OF CIRCULAR PARTICLES IN OLDROYDB FLUID

The sedimentation of circular particles in a vertical channel filled withOldroyd ― B fluid was studied by an improved Distributed Lagrange Multiplier/fictitious domain(DLM) method. The sedimenting behaviors of two particles are presented firstly, which shows that,when the particles are dropped in a viscoealstic fluid, the stable configuration is the one wherethe particles are aligned parallel to the flow direction when the Mach number Mis less than 1 andthe elasticity number E is greater than 1. This agrees well with the known experimental in Ref. [1]and simulation results in Ref. [2]. Our simulations also show that, as in Newtonian fluid, thesedimentation of the particles will be accelerated due to the .interaction between particles in aviscoealstic fluid.