A thioester-functionalized triphenylamine hole-transporting molecule(TPD-SAc) was synthesized and self-assembled to form a monolayer on an ultra-thin Au film supported on indium-tin oxide glass. The modified surface w...A thioester-functionalized triphenylamine hole-transporting molecule(TPD-SAc) was synthesized and self-assembled to form a monolayer on an ultra-thin Au film supported on indium-tin oxide glass. The modified surface was characterized by aqueous contact angle, ellipsometer, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometer to substantiate the formation of compact and pinhole-free monolayers. The modified organic light emitting diode device [indium-tin oxide/Au(5 nm)/self-assembled monolayers(SAM)/TPD(50 nm)/Alq_3(40 nm)/TPBI(15 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm)] showed a luminance of 7303.90 cd/m^2 and a current efficiency of 8.49 cd/A with 1.78 and 2.29-fold increase, respectively, compared to the control device without SAM. The improvements were attributed to the enhanced compatibility of the organic–inorganic interface, matched energy level by introduction of an energy mediating step and superior hole-injection property of SAM molecules.展开更多
In this study, we applied a novel, mild, and convenient synthetic method involving the oxidative cyclization of 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)guanidine derivatives to produce [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amines. We optimized th...In this study, we applied a novel, mild, and convenient synthetic method involving the oxidative cyclization of 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)guanidine derivatives to produce [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amines. We optimized the reaction procedure to easily obtain 5-chloro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amine. Various types of halogenated pyrazines can successfully undergo this process. We synthesized a series of 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)guanidines and [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amines, and then elucidated their structures based on their ~1H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR, ESI-HRMS, and nuclear Overhauser effect spectra.展开更多
Organic fi eld-eff ect transistors(OFETs)are fabricated using organic semiconductors(OSCs)as the active layer in the form of thin fi lms.Due to its advantages of high sensitivity,low cost,compact integration,fl exibil...Organic fi eld-eff ect transistors(OFETs)are fabricated using organic semiconductors(OSCs)as the active layer in the form of thin fi lms.Due to its advantages of high sensitivity,low cost,compact integration,fl exibility,and printability,OFETs have been used extensively in the sensing area.For analysis platforms,the construction of sensing layers is a key element for their effi cient detection capability.The strategy used to immobilize biomolecules in these devices is especially important for ensuring that the sensing functions of the OFET are eff ective.Generally,analysis platforms are developed by modifying the gate/electrolyte or OSC/electrolyte interface using biomolecules,such as enzymes,antibodies,or deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)to ensure high selectivity.To provide better or more convenient biological immobilization methods for researchers in this fi eld and thereby improve detection sensitivity,this review summarizes recent developments in the immobilization strategies used for biological macromolecules in OFETs,including cross-linking,physical adsorption,embedding,and chemical covalent binding.The infl uences of biomolecules on device performance are also discussed.展开更多
Chiral recognition of essential amino acids(EAAs)is a huge challenge that keeps plaguing analytical scientists due to their cryptochirality and limited steric interaction sites.Inspired by the superior enantioselectiv...Chiral recognition of essential amino acids(EAAs)is a huge challenge that keeps plaguing analytical scientists due to their cryptochirality and limited steric interaction sites.Inspired by the superior enantioselectivity of functional supramolecular cyclodextrins(CDs)and strong signal amplification ability of field effect transistors(FETs),this work firstly reports a cationic supramolecular charge switch for facile enantiodiscrimination of EAAs based on extended-gate organic FET(EG-OFET).The cationic phenylcarbamoylated-CD single isomer acts as a charge switch via interacting with different enantiomers and the weak stereo-differentiation intermolecular interaction signals between the cationic perphenylcarbamoylated CDs and EAAs on the EG can be strongly and rapidly amplified through an OFET.Efficient chiral differentiation of six EAAs,including phenylalanine,tryptophan,leucine,isoleucine,lysine and valine,are successfully achieved without any derivation process and the detection limit for D-phenylalanine is down to 10^(-13)mol/L.We believe that this study provides a new and facile sensing perspective for natural amino acids and may afford deeper understanding of molecular chirality.展开更多
Novel highly sensitive chiral organic field-effect transistors(COFET)were developed by directly assembling imidazolium3,5-dimethylphenylcabamoylated-β-cyclodextrin(lm^+-Ph-β-CD)and 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoylated-β...Novel highly sensitive chiral organic field-effect transistors(COFET)were developed by directly assembling imidazolium3,5-dimethylphenylcabamoylated-β-cyclodextrin(lm^+-Ph-β-CD)and 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoylated-β-CD(Ph-β-CD)respectively onto the semiconductor layer as sensing units.The Im+-Ph-β-CD/COFET afforded better enantioselectivity and a lowest detection concentration of10^-18 L/mol as well as the potentiality in quantitative analysis of commercial medicines.展开更多
Four derivatives of 9,10-bis[2-(2-alkoxynaphthalen-1-yl)vinyl]anthracene(BNAs) were designed,successfully synthesized and characterized by spectrofluorometer, powder wide-angle X-ray diffraction(PXRD) and differ...Four derivatives of 9,10-bis[2-(2-alkoxynaphthalen-1-yl)vinyl]anthracene(BNAs) were designed,successfully synthesized and characterized by spectrofluorometer, powder wide-angle X-ray diffraction(PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry experiments(DSC), etc. It was found that these compounds exhibited aggregation-induced emission phenomenon. Moreover, these target compounds displayed reversible color change from yellow to orange upon pressing and annealing process. Interestingly, all of BNAs obviously presented red-shifted piezofluorochromic(PFC) properties and behaved mainly length dependence of alkoxy group, in which, BNA displayed the largest PFC spectral shift(DlPFC= 26 nm). The PXRD profiles demonstrated the transformation from crystalline to amorphous state upon grinding, and the mechanism of PFC behaviors was proposed. Thus, changing the length of alkoxyl chain could be an alternative way to tune their PFC behaviors.展开更多
The gelation properties of polyol acetal derivatives including 2,4-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DCBS), 1,3:2,4-di(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DDCBS) and 1,3:2,5:4,6-tris(3,4-dichlorobenzyli...The gelation properties of polyol acetal derivatives including 2,4-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DCBS), 1,3:2,4-di(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DDCBS) and 1,3:2,5:4,6-tris(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-mannitol(TDCBM) in 35 single solvents and 39 binary solvent mixtures have been studied. FTIR and XRD results suggest that the self-assembly patterns of the gelator will not change in either the single solvent component or the corresponding solvent mixtures, but the critical gelation concentration(CGC)will be influenced. The results of SEM and rheology showed that the formation of true gels at saturated concentrations. Improving the heating temperature may promote the dissolving of gelators which are even insoluble at the temperature of the solvent boiling point and change the gelation behaviors. FloryHuggins parameter(x) was used to predict the gelation behavior of DCBS in the mixed solvents, and it is shown that the x values for the mixed solvents that can be gelled by DCBS are either greater or smaller than those for the selected good solvents.展开更多
Seeking pure organic functional luminescent materials that are processed from green, low-cost, and sustainable resources remains a challenging but beneficial task. As an abundant natural polymer composed of crosslinke...Seeking pure organic functional luminescent materials that are processed from green, low-cost, and sustainable resources remains a challenging but beneficial task. As an abundant natural polymer composed of crosslinked phenol ether units, lignin is a potential source of organic luminescent material because of the presence of extensive aromatic fragments. In the present work, a remarkable afterglow involving room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP) was achieved via simply embedding alkalized lignin into polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) matrix, and an ultralong luminescence lifetime of more than 160 ms was observed. More importantly, our study revealed that small fragments of hydrolyzed lignin(named LA-H) bearing extensive phenolic oxygen anions were the effective luminescent species. When embedded into a PVA matrix, LA-H showed remarkably high luminescence quantum yield and long lifetime of RTP emission compared with those of unprocessed lignin. Additionally, the various phenol oxygen anion moieties endowed LA-H with an excitation-dependent characteristic: the color-tunable RTP could be simply tuned from a maximum emission wavelength of 434–532 nm via altering the excitation wavelength. Thus, the color-tunable afterglow of emissive LA-H could be facilely obtained with a yield up to 38.4% using simple acid hydrolysis of lignin without other complex synthesis procedures. This work opens new avenues in the large-scale preparation of low-cost and sustainable pure organic RTP materials.展开更多
Two near-infrared(NIR) p H-activated heptamethine indocyanine probes with quaternary ammonium unit were designed and synthesized. The absorption and emission titrations indicate that cationic structure improves the ...Two near-infrared(NIR) p H-activated heptamethine indocyanine probes with quaternary ammonium unit were designed and synthesized. The absorption and emission titrations indicate that cationic structure improves the cyanine dye's aqueous solubility and these two probes exhibit highly sensitive response to p H in acid condition. Their fluorescence intensities both gradually increase about 25-fold from p H 7.60 to 3.00 with p Ka values of 4.72 and 4.45 respectively, which are suitable for studying acidic organelles in living cells. Moreover, their fluorescence intensities are linearly proportional to p H values in the range of 5.50–4.00. These results are probably attributed to the protonation of the indole nitrogen atoms, which are verified by 1H NMR spectra. Furthermore, these two probes can achieve real-time imaging of cellular p H and detection of p H in situ in living He La cells due to their excellent properties,including good reversibility, desirable photostability, high selectivity, low cytotoxicity and remarkable membrane permeability.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21506151,21576195 and 21776207)
文摘A thioester-functionalized triphenylamine hole-transporting molecule(TPD-SAc) was synthesized and self-assembled to form a monolayer on an ultra-thin Au film supported on indium-tin oxide glass. The modified surface was characterized by aqueous contact angle, ellipsometer, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometer to substantiate the formation of compact and pinhole-free monolayers. The modified organic light emitting diode device [indium-tin oxide/Au(5 nm)/self-assembled monolayers(SAM)/TPD(50 nm)/Alq_3(40 nm)/TPBI(15 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm)] showed a luminance of 7303.90 cd/m^2 and a current efficiency of 8.49 cd/A with 1.78 and 2.29-fold increase, respectively, compared to the control device without SAM. The improvements were attributed to the enhanced compatibility of the organic–inorganic interface, matched energy level by introduction of an energy mediating step and superior hole-injection property of SAM molecules.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.21576195 and 21776207)
文摘In this study, we applied a novel, mild, and convenient synthetic method involving the oxidative cyclization of 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)guanidine derivatives to produce [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amines. We optimized the reaction procedure to easily obtain 5-chloro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amine. Various types of halogenated pyrazines can successfully undergo this process. We synthesized a series of 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)guanidines and [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a ]pyrazin-3-amines, and then elucidated their structures based on their ~1H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR, ESI-HRMS, and nuclear Overhauser effect spectra.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21922409,21976131,21575100)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(Nos.18JCZDJC37500,17JCYBJC20500).
文摘Organic fi eld-eff ect transistors(OFETs)are fabricated using organic semiconductors(OSCs)as the active layer in the form of thin fi lms.Due to its advantages of high sensitivity,low cost,compact integration,fl exibility,and printability,OFETs have been used extensively in the sensing area.For analysis platforms,the construction of sensing layers is a key element for their effi cient detection capability.The strategy used to immobilize biomolecules in these devices is especially important for ensuring that the sensing functions of the OFET are eff ective.Generally,analysis platforms are developed by modifying the gate/electrolyte or OSC/electrolyte interface using biomolecules,such as enzymes,antibodies,or deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)to ensure high selectivity.To provide better or more convenient biological immobilization methods for researchers in this fi eld and thereby improve detection sensitivity,this review summarizes recent developments in the immobilization strategies used for biological macromolecules in OFETs,including cross-linking,physical adsorption,embedding,and chemical covalent binding.The infl uences of biomolecules on device performance are also discussed.
基金financially funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1905500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21922409,21976131)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.18JCZDJC37500)。
文摘Chiral recognition of essential amino acids(EAAs)is a huge challenge that keeps plaguing analytical scientists due to their cryptochirality and limited steric interaction sites.Inspired by the superior enantioselectivity of functional supramolecular cyclodextrins(CDs)and strong signal amplification ability of field effect transistors(FETs),this work firstly reports a cationic supramolecular charge switch for facile enantiodiscrimination of EAAs based on extended-gate organic FET(EG-OFET).The cationic phenylcarbamoylated-CD single isomer acts as a charge switch via interacting with different enantiomers and the weak stereo-differentiation intermolecular interaction signals between the cationic perphenylcarbamoylated CDs and EAAs on the EG can be strongly and rapidly amplified through an OFET.Efficient chiral differentiation of six EAAs,including phenylalanine,tryptophan,leucine,isoleucine,lysine and valine,are successfully achieved without any derivation process and the detection limit for D-phenylalanine is down to 10^(-13)mol/L.We believe that this study provides a new and facile sensing perspective for natural amino acids and may afford deeper understanding of molecular chirality.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21575100)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (Nos.18JCZDJC37500,17JCYBJC20500)
文摘Novel highly sensitive chiral organic field-effect transistors(COFET)were developed by directly assembling imidazolium3,5-dimethylphenylcabamoylated-β-cyclodextrin(lm^+-Ph-β-CD)and 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoylated-β-CD(Ph-β-CD)respectively onto the semiconductor layer as sensing units.The Im+-Ph-β-CD/COFET afforded better enantioselectivity and a lowest detection concentration of10^-18 L/mol as well as the potentiality in quantitative analysis of commercial medicines.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21576194)
文摘Four derivatives of 9,10-bis[2-(2-alkoxynaphthalen-1-yl)vinyl]anthracene(BNAs) were designed,successfully synthesized and characterized by spectrofluorometer, powder wide-angle X-ray diffraction(PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry experiments(DSC), etc. It was found that these compounds exhibited aggregation-induced emission phenomenon. Moreover, these target compounds displayed reversible color change from yellow to orange upon pressing and annealing process. Interestingly, all of BNAs obviously presented red-shifted piezofluorochromic(PFC) properties and behaved mainly length dependence of alkoxy group, in which, BNA displayed the largest PFC spectral shift(DlPFC= 26 nm). The PXRD profiles demonstrated the transformation from crystalline to amorphous state upon grinding, and the mechanism of PFC behaviors was proposed. Thus, changing the length of alkoxyl chain could be an alternative way to tune their PFC behaviors.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 21476164)Tianjin Science and Technology Innovation Platform Program(No. 14TXGCCX00017)
文摘The gelation properties of polyol acetal derivatives including 2,4-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DCBS), 1,3:2,4-di(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol(DDCBS) and 1,3:2,5:4,6-tris(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-D-mannitol(TDCBM) in 35 single solvents and 39 binary solvent mixtures have been studied. FTIR and XRD results suggest that the self-assembly patterns of the gelator will not change in either the single solvent component or the corresponding solvent mixtures, but the critical gelation concentration(CGC)will be influenced. The results of SEM and rheology showed that the formation of true gels at saturated concentrations. Improving the heating temperature may promote the dissolving of gelators which are even insoluble at the temperature of the solvent boiling point and change the gelation behaviors. FloryHuggins parameter(x) was used to predict the gelation behavior of DCBS in the mixed solvents, and it is shown that the x values for the mixed solvents that can be gelled by DCBS are either greater or smaller than those for the selected good solvents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21788102, 22125803, 22020102006,21871083, 22101083)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX03)+3 种基金‘Shu Guang’ Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation (19SG26)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2017-01-07-00-02 E00010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M691009)。
文摘Seeking pure organic functional luminescent materials that are processed from green, low-cost, and sustainable resources remains a challenging but beneficial task. As an abundant natural polymer composed of crosslinked phenol ether units, lignin is a potential source of organic luminescent material because of the presence of extensive aromatic fragments. In the present work, a remarkable afterglow involving room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP) was achieved via simply embedding alkalized lignin into polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) matrix, and an ultralong luminescence lifetime of more than 160 ms was observed. More importantly, our study revealed that small fragments of hydrolyzed lignin(named LA-H) bearing extensive phenolic oxygen anions were the effective luminescent species. When embedded into a PVA matrix, LA-H showed remarkably high luminescence quantum yield and long lifetime of RTP emission compared with those of unprocessed lignin. Additionally, the various phenol oxygen anion moieties endowed LA-H with an excitation-dependent characteristic: the color-tunable RTP could be simply tuned from a maximum emission wavelength of 434–532 nm via altering the excitation wavelength. Thus, the color-tunable afterglow of emissive LA-H could be facilely obtained with a yield up to 38.4% using simple acid hydrolysis of lignin without other complex synthesis procedures. This work opens new avenues in the large-scale preparation of low-cost and sustainable pure organic RTP materials.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21576194)
文摘Two near-infrared(NIR) p H-activated heptamethine indocyanine probes with quaternary ammonium unit were designed and synthesized. The absorption and emission titrations indicate that cationic structure improves the cyanine dye's aqueous solubility and these two probes exhibit highly sensitive response to p H in acid condition. Their fluorescence intensities both gradually increase about 25-fold from p H 7.60 to 3.00 with p Ka values of 4.72 and 4.45 respectively, which are suitable for studying acidic organelles in living cells. Moreover, their fluorescence intensities are linearly proportional to p H values in the range of 5.50–4.00. These results are probably attributed to the protonation of the indole nitrogen atoms, which are verified by 1H NMR spectra. Furthermore, these two probes can achieve real-time imaging of cellular p H and detection of p H in situ in living He La cells due to their excellent properties,including good reversibility, desirable photostability, high selectivity, low cytotoxicity and remarkable membrane permeability.