The Importance of Adopting Leadership Concepts inCommunicating Medicinal Culture of Chinese Medicine in theWestern World

Cultures are beliefs, knowledge, and languages people use to communicate with others. In the same rationale, the communication betweenChinese and Western medicinal cultures is the communication between two medicinal beliefs, knowledge, and languages. In this article,the key components of Chinese and Western cultures will be discussed to lay the foundations for better communication of TraditionalChinese Medicine (TCM) in the Western world. Besides the discussion of similarities and differences between the two cultures, the potentialof being complementary to each other in practices will be explored. Moreover, in this article, using key leadership skills to enable bettercommunication and practices of TCM in the Western world will be examined as well.

齐鲁现代护理探源及几点思考

20世纪初期,"Nursing"(护理)一词传入中国。1884年,随着第一批西方传教士护士来到中国,由南丁格尔开创的现代护理引入中国,这大大改变了当时的照护方式。传教士护士满怀传播"基督福音"的热情和对护理事业的热爱以及对中国人民的同情,饱受了人员、物资匮乏以及民众的不理解、抵制等多重考验。在她们和逐渐培养起来的当地护士的不懈努力下,中国在护理教育、实践标准等方面均引领国际护理。在这一背景下,山东护理逐渐兴起并作为一门新兴医学学科得到了空前的发展。通过整理、查阅中英文史料,回顾传教士护士在中国的60年间,由山东护理的萌芽、发展看我国护理的早期发展,并为理解和解决当代中国护理面对的复杂问题提供更多的思考。

Relationship Between Allelopathic Effects and Functional Traits of Different Allelopathic Potential Rice Accessions at Different Growth Stages

In this study,effects of temperature,light and their interactions on allelopathic effects and the functional traits specific leaf area(SLA)and stem mass fraction(SMF)of different allelopathic potential rice accessions at different growth stages were analyzed.The main results were as follows:Allelopathic responses to temperature and light varied with different allelopathic potential rice accessions at different growth stages.With the rise of temperature and the extension of photoperiod,allelopathic effect increased firstly and then decreased at 2–3 leaf stage,but increased constantly at the 4–5 and 7–8 leaf stages in strong allelopathic rice accessions[O.longistaminata,F1(O.longistaminata×RD23),F2(RL159 and RL169)].Temperature had significant impact on allelopathic effect without considering light factors,but light showed little effect on rice allelopathy at the same temperature conditions.The greatest allelopathic effect was attained with moderate temperature and long photoperiod at 2–3 leaf stage in strong allelopathic rice accessions,but all the rice accessions showed weak allelopathic effects at the low temperature condition(15oC/10oC),and the influence of different factors on allelopathy followed a general trend as temperature>leaf stage>light,indicating that among the multiple factors impacting rice allelopathy,temperature was the main factor.Allelopathic characteristics of F1 and F2 to various temperature and light were similar to O.longistaminata,showing that allelopathic genes from wild rice can be expressed in its descendants.Temperature and light also had significant effects on SLA and SMF,and rice allelopathy was closely correlative to SLA in strong allelopathic rice accessions at the 4–5 and 7–8 leaf stages,but there was no correlation between rice allelopathy and SMF at different growth stages.These results suggested that rice adjust the relationship between allelopathy and SLA and adapt to the varied environments,and that high temperature and long photoperiod can enhance rice allelopathic activity.

论加籍华人的双重文化存在：解读《双重幸福》

背井离乡，远离文化母体，置身于他种文化语境，移居加拿大的华人，如许许多多文化迁移者一样，踏上了一条追寻文化归属与身份定位的不归旅程。他们原有的单一而固定的文化主体受到了挑战。空间的重置，身份的再定位是许多移民不能回避的生存经历。

Chinese Immigrants’Health Beliefs and Practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine in British Columbia of Canada

Objective:This study is to address the health beliefs and health behavior of Chinese immigrants residing in the Greater Vancouver area of British Columbia(BC)Province in Canada.This article discussed Chinese immigrants’traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)use,health beliefs,and health behaviors.Methods:Information used in this study is based on data collected in the Chinese-speaking community in the Greater Vancouver area of BC in 2020–2022.Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to this study.The first stage recruited 314 participants for the quantitative study to cross-validate an instrument tool,followed by the 2nd stage of 20 stratified random sampling out of the 314 participants for TCM-related in-depth qualitative interviews.This study focuses on the second stage of TCM qualitative interviews.Results:Results indicated that TCM health beliefs have cultural and spiritual meanings tied to the Chinese-speaking participants.There are barriers for the Chinese-speaking population to access the existing healthcare services due to their TCM health beliefs and other health needs,for example,family doctors,integrated medicine for better health outcomes,and mental health services especially during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Conclusion:Integrating TCM health beliefs and behaviors of Chinese-speaking immigrants into existing Canadian mainstream health services are strongly recommended.

Bleeding Wounds: Japanese Denial of War Crimes and Effects on Human Rights

Japanese aggressive war committed extremely serious crimes, which brought miserable experiences and damage to Asian people including Chinese. Undoubtedly war crimes committed by the government and the army of Japan were the violation of human rights physically and emotionally. However, Japan refused to admit these crimes and even made excuses postwar, which constituted further violation of human rights. If Japan respected human rights, took the responsibility and apologized for what they’ve done, it would help those nations recover from trauma and contribute to build more peaceful relationships among nations.

Price-Matching Guarantees and Entry Deterrence under Incomplete Information

这份报纸在进入者没关于 incumbents 费用有完美的信息的一个市场学习匹配价格的保证。便宜义不容辞的罐头作为一个信号采用匹配价格的保证把自己与高费用的类型区分开来并且有效地因此威慑入口。在另一方面，高费用的义不容辞的罐头成功地在某些条件下面愚弄潜在的进入者。与处于提供一条价格保证的选择不是可得到的状况的平衡相比，这仪器任何一个的使用使它更容易为便宜对义不容辞表明它的费用，或扩展在上的参数的范围高费用义不容辞能成功地威慑入口。

A study of different annealing schedules in SARNA-predict A permutation based SA algorithm for RNA folding

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to present a study of the effect of different types of annealing schedules for a ribonucleic acid(RNA)secondary structure prediction algorithm based on simulated annealing(SA).Design/methodology/approach–An RNA folding algorithm was implemented that assembles the final structure from potential substructures(helixes).Structures are encoded as a permutation of helixes.An SA searches this space of permutations.Parameters and annealing schedules were studied and fine-tuned to optimize algorithm performance.Findings–In comparing with mfold,the SA algorithm shows comparable results(in terms of F-measure)even with a less sophisticated thermodynamic model.In terms of average specificity,the SA algorithm has provided surpassing results.Research limitations/implications–Most of the underlying thermodynamic models are too simplistic and incomplete to accurately model the free energy for larger structures.This is the largest limitation of free energy-based RNA folding algorithms in general.Practical implications–The algorithm offers a different approach that can be used in practice to fold RNA sequences quickly.Originality/value–The algorithm is one of only two SA-based RNA folding algorithms.The authors use a very different encoding,based on permutation of candidate helixes.The in depth study of annealing schedules and other parameters makes the algorithm a strong contender.Another benefit is that new thermodynamic models can be incorporated with relative ease(which is not the case for algorithms based on dynamic programming).