To reveal the equilibrium state of oil and gas and water in a petroliferous basin with a high content of saline water, calculations of water-gas equilibrium were carried out, using a new simulation method, for the Arc...To reveal the equilibrium state of oil and gas and water in a petroliferous basin with a high content of saline water, calculations of water-gas equilibrium were carried out, using a new simulation method, for the Arctic territories of the West Siberian oil and gas bearing province. The water-bearing layers in this area vary widely in gas saturation and have gas saturation coefficients(C;) from 0.2 to 1.0. The gas saturation coefficient increases with depth and total gas saturation of the formation water. All the water layers with gas saturation bigger than 1.8 L/L have the critical gas saturation coefficient value of 1.0, which creates favorable conditions for the accumulation of hydrocarbons;and unsaturated formation water can dissolve gas in the existent pool. The gas saturation coefficient of formation water is related to the type of fluid in the reservoir. Condensate gas fields have gas saturation coefficients from 0.8 to 1.0, while oil reservoirs have lower gas saturation coefficient. Complex gas-water exchange patterns indicate that gas in the Jurassic–Cretaceous reservoirs of the study area is complex in origin.展开更多
The "Arctic" region,where the North Pole occupies the center of the Arctic Ocean,has been affecting the environmental variation of the Earth from geological time to the present.However,the seismic activities...The "Arctic" region,where the North Pole occupies the center of the Arctic Ocean,has been affecting the environmental variation of the Earth from geological time to the present.However,the seismic activities in the area are not adequately monitored.Therefore,by conducting long term monitoring of seismic phenomenon as sustainable parameters,our understanding of both the tectonic evolution of the Earth and the dynamic interaction between the cryosphere and geosphere in surface layers of the Earth will increase.In this paper,the association of the seismicity and structure of the Arctic region,particularly focused on Eurasian continent and surrounding oceans,and its relationship with regional evolution during the Earth’s history is studied.The target areas cover representative tectonic provinces in the Eurasian Arctic,such as the wide area of Siberia,Baikal Rift Zone.Far East Russia,Arctic Ocean together with Greenland and Northern Canada.Based on discussion including characteristics of seismicity,heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle,tectonic history and recent dynamic features of the Earth’s surface in the Arctic are summarized.展开更多
Seismic method is usually used for elastic parametric estimation. This is why this method presents dynamic parameters of Earth. Frequency seismic range changes greatly from geodynamic modelling time. Now we have oppor...Seismic method is usually used for elastic parametric estimation. This is why this method presents dynamic parameters of Earth. Frequency seismic range changes greatly from geodynamic modelling time. Now we have opportunity to use geodesy result for some years for elastic parameters estimation. Static solution from elastic theory may be used for the interpretation of long term results. It presents static elastic parameter. The inverse problem for different types of vertical surface loading on one year period is calculated. Two cases of loading with maximal and minimal area are presented. Results are determined by space geodesy and leveling methods. Current relation between atmospheric pressure and vertical displacements was estimated at the center of Siberian Anti Cyclone with size varied from 2000 km to 3000 kin. Pressure-displacement coefficients (PDC) can be achieved by three years obser- vation (0.997 mm/mbar for NVSK GPS station). It is used for elastic module study of geology medium with maximum thickness up to 600 km. In the context of elastic model, the modulus of rigidity is estimated to be 113 GPa. Vast expanse of anti-cyclone may relate with rheology of crust and upper mantle. Smaller size of surface loading - local loading is seasonal variation of water reservoir. Annual vertical changes were obtained by leveling near the dam of the reservoir. PDC ratio was 1.15 mm/bar for these places. In elastic theory, the Young modulus E = 80 GPa (Poisson ratio = 0.25, the modulus of rigidity - 32 GPa) was calculated by sixteen years of leveling measurements. This result can effectively be represented for upper crust. Our results were checked by solution for coseismic displacement of Chyia- Altai earthquake (Sep. 27, 2003, M = 7.3). Coseismic results calculated by static modules agree with experimental coseismic GPS data at 10% level.展开更多
The paper is focused on different kinds of gravity results obtained in Shults Cape Observatory for 2010 -2015. Gravity observation is interpreted together with GPS observation data which was obtained from 2012 to 2015...The paper is focused on different kinds of gravity results obtained in Shults Cape Observatory for 2010 -2015. Gravity observation is interpreted together with GPS observation data which was obtained from 2012 to 2015 at the same station, The station is situated on Gamov peninsular (42.58° N, 131.15° E, Russia) at the coast of Japan Sea, This region constitutes the eastern boundary of Eurasia. This major continental tectonic feature is associated with a seismic activity, high heat flow and anomalous thickness of earth's crust. The goal of the observation was the investigation of gravity variation with time and seismicity situation monitoring. Gravity observation was developed at special basement by absolute gravimeter (GABL type) and by spring gravimeter (SCINREX CG-5and gPhone type). Tidal models were tested by results of observation with spring gravimeters. Reduction task was solved, as the experimental data received from different points of Shults Cape Observatory was used. Applied reduction coefficient is 203.3 12Gal m l, and agrees with theoretical calculation. Next goal was studying structure of earth's crust by means of gravity models. Gravity anomaly varied from 30 mGal to 46 mGal, which also depend on difference reference system, Experimental results were used for testing of the structure of continental boundary, which also depends on the sea bottom flexion. Thickness of elastic layer was estimated from 12 km to 18 km by using different models.展开更多
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation, No. FWZZ-2022-0014 “Digital models for hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry of the oil and gas bearing basins in the Arctic and eastern territories of Siberia, including the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 18-05-70074 “Arctic Resources”)。
文摘To reveal the equilibrium state of oil and gas and water in a petroliferous basin with a high content of saline water, calculations of water-gas equilibrium were carried out, using a new simulation method, for the Arctic territories of the West Siberian oil and gas bearing province. The water-bearing layers in this area vary widely in gas saturation and have gas saturation coefficients(C;) from 0.2 to 1.0. The gas saturation coefficient increases with depth and total gas saturation of the formation water. All the water layers with gas saturation bigger than 1.8 L/L have the critical gas saturation coefficient value of 1.0, which creates favorable conditions for the accumulation of hydrocarbons;and unsaturated formation water can dissolve gas in the existent pool. The gas saturation coefficient of formation water is related to the type of fluid in the reservoir. Condensate gas fields have gas saturation coefficients from 0.8 to 1.0, while oil reservoirs have lower gas saturation coefficient. Complex gas-water exchange patterns indicate that gas in the Jurassic–Cretaceous reservoirs of the study area is complex in origin.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26241010(P.I.by Dr.Masaki Kanao)
文摘The "Arctic" region,where the North Pole occupies the center of the Arctic Ocean,has been affecting the environmental variation of the Earth from geological time to the present.However,the seismic activities in the area are not adequately monitored.Therefore,by conducting long term monitoring of seismic phenomenon as sustainable parameters,our understanding of both the tectonic evolution of the Earth and the dynamic interaction between the cryosphere and geosphere in surface layers of the Earth will increase.In this paper,the association of the seismicity and structure of the Arctic region,particularly focused on Eurasian continent and surrounding oceans,and its relationship with regional evolution during the Earth’s history is studied.The target areas cover representative tectonic provinces in the Eurasian Arctic,such as the wide area of Siberia,Baikal Rift Zone.Far East Russia,Arctic Ocean together with Greenland and Northern Canada.Based on discussion including characteristics of seismicity,heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle,tectonic history and recent dynamic features of the Earth’s surface in the Arctic are summarized.
文摘Seismic method is usually used for elastic parametric estimation. This is why this method presents dynamic parameters of Earth. Frequency seismic range changes greatly from geodynamic modelling time. Now we have opportunity to use geodesy result for some years for elastic parameters estimation. Static solution from elastic theory may be used for the interpretation of long term results. It presents static elastic parameter. The inverse problem for different types of vertical surface loading on one year period is calculated. Two cases of loading with maximal and minimal area are presented. Results are determined by space geodesy and leveling methods. Current relation between atmospheric pressure and vertical displacements was estimated at the center of Siberian Anti Cyclone with size varied from 2000 km to 3000 kin. Pressure-displacement coefficients (PDC) can be achieved by three years obser- vation (0.997 mm/mbar for NVSK GPS station). It is used for elastic module study of geology medium with maximum thickness up to 600 km. In the context of elastic model, the modulus of rigidity is estimated to be 113 GPa. Vast expanse of anti-cyclone may relate with rheology of crust and upper mantle. Smaller size of surface loading - local loading is seasonal variation of water reservoir. Annual vertical changes were obtained by leveling near the dam of the reservoir. PDC ratio was 1.15 mm/bar for these places. In elastic theory, the Young modulus E = 80 GPa (Poisson ratio = 0.25, the modulus of rigidity - 32 GPa) was calculated by sixteen years of leveling measurements. This result can effectively be represented for upper crust. Our results were checked by solution for coseismic displacement of Chyia- Altai earthquake (Sep. 27, 2003, M = 7.3). Coseismic results calculated by static modules agree with experimental coseismic GPS data at 10% level.
文摘The paper is focused on different kinds of gravity results obtained in Shults Cape Observatory for 2010 -2015. Gravity observation is interpreted together with GPS observation data which was obtained from 2012 to 2015 at the same station, The station is situated on Gamov peninsular (42.58° N, 131.15° E, Russia) at the coast of Japan Sea, This region constitutes the eastern boundary of Eurasia. This major continental tectonic feature is associated with a seismic activity, high heat flow and anomalous thickness of earth's crust. The goal of the observation was the investigation of gravity variation with time and seismicity situation monitoring. Gravity observation was developed at special basement by absolute gravimeter (GABL type) and by spring gravimeter (SCINREX CG-5and gPhone type). Tidal models were tested by results of observation with spring gravimeters. Reduction task was solved, as the experimental data received from different points of Shults Cape Observatory was used. Applied reduction coefficient is 203.3 12Gal m l, and agrees with theoretical calculation. Next goal was studying structure of earth's crust by means of gravity models. Gravity anomaly varied from 30 mGal to 46 mGal, which also depend on difference reference system, Experimental results were used for testing of the structure of continental boundary, which also depends on the sea bottom flexion. Thickness of elastic layer was estimated from 12 km to 18 km by using different models.